1. SanTour: Towards Personalized
Recommendation of Hiking Trails to Health
Profiles
Jean-Paul Calbimonte • Nancy Zappellaz • Emeline Hébert • Maya Simon •
Nicolas Délétroz • Roger Hilfiker • Alexandre Cotting
University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis)
Tourism and Knowledge Graphs – ICWE 2018
Cáceres, June 2018
@jpcik

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HES-SO:
University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland

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let's hike!
 key part of Swiss touristic offer
 varying degree of difficulty
 wide offer e.g. season/weather
 accessibility
 direct contact with nature
 relatively low price
 perceived benefits: health/wellbeing
Hiking Trails

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barriers and limitations
barriers for segments
of the population
highly vulnerable segments
 chronic diseases
 disabilities
varying physical/psycho conditions
 endurance
 lack of balance
 vertigo
 fear of heights
 speed/stamina
 difficulty in rough trails
attractive feature
vs.
unsurmountable obstacle

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Trail profile
difficulty points
terrain
length
altitude
technique
…
SanTour App
matching
the SanTour concept
Health profile
vectorisation
demographics
physical condition
capacity
endurance
technique
preferences
…
vectorisation
Recommendations
instrument of prevention (not care)
healthy people/reduced mobility/disabilities

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the SanTour project
funded by:
 understand hiker needs
 hiking trail characterization
 classify difficulty points
 profiling of user capabilities
 trail recommendation
industrial partner:
tourism partner:

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user exploratory study
goals
 assessing user needs
 analyze behavior
 understand motivations
questionnaire
 behavior in outdoor/hiking activities
 motivation for pedestrian walks
 satisfaction regarding trail offer
 information technologies support
~300 people
90% Swiss
50% 51-70 years old
40% retired
gender equality

8. 87%
Do hiking trails
Alone With partnerWith friends
67% 55%59%
94%
In the mountains
51%
In the countryside
SUMMARY
1. For general
wellbeing
2. Be in
contact with
nature
3. Be in good
health
During
Topographic maps &
Brochures from tourism offices
Before
Topographic maps &
institutional sites
&
Information for hiking trails
Interest for technological
solutions
55%
Interest in SanTour
64%
71%
Agree to provide information about their health
Meteo, trail details, technical segments, vertigo, public
transport/accessibility, points of interest, natural et cultural
(very) Important elements to consider and include in the application
Questionnaire for hikers

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Trail profile
difficulty points
terrain
length
altitude
technique
…
SanTour App
matching
the SanTour knowledge base
Health profile
vectorisation
demographics
physical condition
capacity
endurance
technique
preferences
…
vectorisation
trail profile

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characterization of hiking trails
available information
 general description
 duration
 distance
 altitude
 gradient
 general difficulty
official trails in the
canton of Valais
lacking information
 technical characteristics
 physical requirements
 detailed indications
 physical aptitudes
 limiting factors
 difficulty points

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trail knowledge base
{
"@context": "http://schema.org/",
"@type": [ "HikingTrail", "TouristAttraction" ],
"name": "Les Clautis",
"description": "Randonee des Clautis",
"touristType": {
"@type": "Audience", "audienceType": "Beginners"
},
"address": {
"@type": "PostalAddress",
"addressCountry": "CH", "addressLocality":"Zinal"
},
"publicAccess": true,
"altitude_max": 1720,
"altitude_min": 1675,
"duration": 1.5,
"distance": 3.55,
"image":"https://d25u9ndbhhiciz.cloudfront.net/points/59d8a48b798c500bf04bbf54-1-m.jpg"
}
basic information
schema.org
general
characteristics

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characterization of hiking trails
catalogue/characterize each trail: different
features & difficulty points
 effort required/associated physical difficulty
 technical difficulty
 risks & psychological difficulties
methodology: guidelines by the French
Federation of Hiking FFRandonnee

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time for field work
on-site assessment of 5 trails in Zinal
multidisciplinary team

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difficulty points
terrain technical
passages
unstable
path
steep
paths
different perceptions of difficulty
difficulty scale / score

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difficulty points
roots rocks/water steep/chains

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interest points

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difficulty points in knowledge base
[
{
"@context": "http://schema.org/",
"@type": [ "DifficultyPoint","Stone","Place"],
"name": "ClautisPoint32",
"description": "Gros cailloux",
"difficulty": 10,
"geo": {
"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
"latitude": "49.8852515","longitude": "2.5106436"
}
},
{
"@context": "http://schema.org/",
"@type": ["DifficultyPoint","Bridge","Place" ],
"name": "ClautisPoint35",
"description": "Small bridge",
"difficulty": 5,
"geo": {
"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
"latitude": "49.777315","longitude": "2.6106436"
}
}
]

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Trail profile
difficulty points
terrain
length
altitude
technique
…
SanTour App
matching
the SanTour knowledge base
Health profile
vectorisation
demographics
physical condition
capacity
endurance
technique
preferences
…
vectorisation
health profile

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health profile
{
"@context": "http://schema.org/",
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Marie Dupont",
"healthCondition": {
"@type": "MedicalCondition",
"alternateMame": "Diabetes Type 2"
"code": {
"@type": "MedicalCode",
"code": "E11.9",
"codingSystem": "ICD-10"}
}
}
general information
specific disabilities/diseases
specific
conditions

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health profile: self assessment
ex:santourQ3 a medred:Question ;
medred:isItemofSection ex:santourHealthSection1 ;
dcterms:identifier "santourQ3" ;
dcterms:title """Par rapport a la vitesse de marche
moyenne (celle de vos proches), pensez
vous marcher habituellement ..." ;
medred:choices ( ex:muchSlower ex:slower
ex:equalSpeed ex:faster
ex:muchFaster ) ;
pplan:hasOutputVar ex:santourQ3_var .
questionnaire-based data
acquisition approach
physical/psychological capacity
 help needed to walk
 physical condition
 walking speed & endurance
 climbing capacity
 balance
 fear of falling/void
 pain
in average, do you walk than your peers?
much slower
slower
equal speed
faster
much faster

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health profile: preferences
{
"@type": ["Review","TrailPreference"]
"author": "Laure",
"datePublished": "2011-04-01",
"@id": "laureCaillouxReview",
"description": "Evaluer de -10 (je deteste),
0 (ca m'est egal), a +10 (j'aime).
Cailloux.",
"reviewRating": {
"@type": "Rating",
"bestRating": "10",
"ratingValue": "7",
"worstRating": "-10"
}
}
e.g. difficulty points:
user may enjoy hiking in stony trails,
but would prefer to avoid
suspended bridges, because of
vertigo.
preferences on types of
features in a hiking trail

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santour.ch
a first prototype

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health questionnaire
self assessment
physical / psychological
limitations
fear of falling
vertigo
fear of void
balance
pain

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preferences questionnaire
obstacle/feature
preference
preference score

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user profile

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recommendations
trail score
link to SNUKR app

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work in progress still a lot to do

28. future work
o determine what data are desired by tourism promotion organizations
o best adapt their offer to hikers and target them more precisely
o determine what data are useful for a better hiker experience
o data collection for scientific purposes and for touristic destinations
o determine the expectations of the health-care community
o explore accident prevention and promotion of physical activity
going for SanTour v2!

29. gracias! ¿tienes preguntas?
Jean-Paul Calbimonte
University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland
HES-SO Valais-Wallis
@jpcik

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research is actually fun

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https://youtu.be/iUemGhsu2_I