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Fiction
Academic
Vocabulary
Mrs. Freisen 7-1 ELA
Academic Vocabulary Terms for Fiction
SETTING
The time and place in which a
story takes place.
*FOCUS: How does the setting
influence the characters’
behavior?
How does it
add to the conflict?
EXPOSITION
(INTRODUCTION/OPENING EVENT)
• Introduces the setting and
characters
• Sets up or “hints” at the conflict
the main character faces.
CONFLICT: problem or struggle between
opposing forces
• INTERNAL
Struggle within the
character
• EXTERNAL
struggle between the
character and another
person, society, nature, or
technology
Protagonist vs. Antagonist
• PROTAGONIST
Main or central character.
Usually involved in a
conflict or struggle with
the antagonist.
• ANTAGONIST
The opponent or enemy
of the main character
or protagonist.
Major Characters vs. Minor Characters
• Major Characters
*Play an important role in the
story.
*Usually face an obstacle
*Will be present throughout
all, or almost all of the
story
*Can be one major character
or several
• Minor Characters
*Do not play a major role in
the story.
*Usually do not face an
obstacle.
*Usually do not change
throughout the story
*Just there for major
characters to interact with
and help to advance the
plot.
Static Characters vs. Dynamic Characters
• Dynamic Characters
*undergo a significant internal
change over the course of the
story.
*this may be a change in
understanding, values,
insight, etc.
Ebeneezer
Scrooge
A Christmas Carol
• Static Characters
*does not undergo a significant
change over the course of
the story
Bob
Cratchit
A Christmas
Carol
RISING ACTION
What happens to
intensify the problem
FORESHADOWING
*When an author provides clues or hints about
something that is going to happen later in the
story.
*Authors use foreshadowing to build suspense
and to prepare the reader for what happens
later.
CLIMAX
• When the problem reaches
its most intense point
and begins to be resolved
• Often results in a
change for the main character
• At this point, the reader
Experiences intense emotions
RESOLUTION: how things end
• ties up loose ends
• sometimes is an unexpected
“twist” before the story ends
FALLING ACTION: what happens
to solve the problem
•eases suspense
•reveals how main
character begins to
resolve the conflict
THEME
• a message about life or human
nature that the writer wants to
share with the reader
 not directly stated– must be
inferred
POINT OF VIEW
•The perspective from which the story
is told
 Can be a character in the story or an
outside narrator.
1ST
PERSON POINT OF VIEW
*The narrator is a character in the
story who describes things from his or
her perspective.
*The narrator refers to himself or
herself as “I”
3RD
PERSON LIMITED POINT OF VIEW
*The narrator is not a character in the
story but can describe the
experiences and thoughts of only one
character in the story.
3RD
PERSON OMNISCIENT POINT OF VIEW
*The narrator is not one of the
characters and is able to describe the
experiences and thoughts of every
character in the story.

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Academic Vocabulary Terms for Fiction

  • 3. SETTING The time and place in which a story takes place. *FOCUS: How does the setting influence the characters’ behavior? How does it add to the conflict?
  • 4. EXPOSITION (INTRODUCTION/OPENING EVENT) • Introduces the setting and characters • Sets up or “hints” at the conflict the main character faces.
  • 5. CONFLICT: problem or struggle between opposing forces • INTERNAL Struggle within the character • EXTERNAL struggle between the character and another person, society, nature, or technology
  • 6. Protagonist vs. Antagonist • PROTAGONIST Main or central character. Usually involved in a conflict or struggle with the antagonist. • ANTAGONIST The opponent or enemy of the main character or protagonist.
  • 7. Major Characters vs. Minor Characters • Major Characters *Play an important role in the story. *Usually face an obstacle *Will be present throughout all, or almost all of the story *Can be one major character or several • Minor Characters *Do not play a major role in the story. *Usually do not face an obstacle. *Usually do not change throughout the story *Just there for major characters to interact with and help to advance the plot.
  • 8. Static Characters vs. Dynamic Characters • Dynamic Characters *undergo a significant internal change over the course of the story. *this may be a change in understanding, values, insight, etc. Ebeneezer Scrooge A Christmas Carol • Static Characters *does not undergo a significant change over the course of the story Bob Cratchit A Christmas Carol
  • 9. RISING ACTION What happens to intensify the problem
  • 10. FORESHADOWING *When an author provides clues or hints about something that is going to happen later in the story. *Authors use foreshadowing to build suspense and to prepare the reader for what happens later.
  • 11. CLIMAX • When the problem reaches its most intense point and begins to be resolved • Often results in a change for the main character • At this point, the reader Experiences intense emotions
  • 12. RESOLUTION: how things end • ties up loose ends • sometimes is an unexpected “twist” before the story ends
  • 13. FALLING ACTION: what happens to solve the problem •eases suspense •reveals how main character begins to resolve the conflict
  • 14. THEME • a message about life or human nature that the writer wants to share with the reader  not directly stated– must be inferred
  • 15. POINT OF VIEW •The perspective from which the story is told  Can be a character in the story or an outside narrator.
  • 16. 1ST PERSON POINT OF VIEW *The narrator is a character in the story who describes things from his or her perspective. *The narrator refers to himself or herself as “I”
  • 17. 3RD PERSON LIMITED POINT OF VIEW *The narrator is not a character in the story but can describe the experiences and thoughts of only one character in the story.
  • 18. 3RD PERSON OMNISCIENT POINT OF VIEW *The narrator is not one of the characters and is able to describe the experiences and thoughts of every character in the story.