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By:
J.JENSON SAMRAJ
Integrated MSc II Year,
SPKCEES,
MSU,
Alwarkuruchi-627412.
INTRODUCTION
• The ocean is a very complex system and
it’s never at rest.
• Ocean waters are so good at holding
heat.
• Hence currents are circulationg massive
amounts of water.
• Ocean currents travel at both the surface of
the ocean as well as deep within the ocean
basin.
Currents are influenced by
Wind Rotation of the
earth
Differences in
the water’s salt
content
Temperature Density,
Shape of the
ocean floor.
Ocean Gyres
• Surface ocean current are strongly influenced
by wind
• Prevailing winds flow across the ocean
surface, pushing the water in large circular
ocean currents called ocean gyres.
• Gyre = Circle
• Like Gyroscope
• It’s present in every ocean & moves water
from poles to equator & back again.
• The water warms at the equator & cools at the
poles
• Because ocean water temperatures can
transfer to the air, the cold & warm waters
circulated by the gyres influence the climate of
nearby landmasses.
Coriolis effect
• Gyres circulation is influenced by this effect
• Created by rotation of the earth that causes
rotation in a clockwise direction in NH &
counterclockwise in SN.
Ocean circulations
Upwelling
• Rising of cold, nutrient-rich water to the
surface.
• As wind blows along the coast, they move the
warm surface water
• This allows colder & nutrient rich waters from
the ocean floor to rise up
• The oceans bottom waters rich in nutritients
because the sea plants & creatures decay &
release their nutritients onto the ocean floor.
• As the waters rise up they feed the marine
organism in the area so upwelling areas are
usually rich in marine life.
Thermohaline circulation
• Largest ocean circulation patterns & is directly
related to temperature & salinity
• Density of ocean water depends on
temperature & salinity & also colder & saltier
Ocean circulations
Ocean circulations

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Ocean circulations

  • 1. By: J.JENSON SAMRAJ Integrated MSc II Year, SPKCEES, MSU, Alwarkuruchi-627412.
  • 2. INTRODUCTION • The ocean is a very complex system and it’s never at rest. • Ocean waters are so good at holding heat. • Hence currents are circulationg massive amounts of water.
  • 3. • Ocean currents travel at both the surface of the ocean as well as deep within the ocean basin.
  • 4. Currents are influenced by Wind Rotation of the earth Differences in the water’s salt content
  • 5. Temperature Density, Shape of the ocean floor.
  • 6. Ocean Gyres • Surface ocean current are strongly influenced by wind • Prevailing winds flow across the ocean surface, pushing the water in large circular ocean currents called ocean gyres. • Gyre = Circle • Like Gyroscope
  • 7. • It’s present in every ocean & moves water from poles to equator & back again. • The water warms at the equator & cools at the poles • Because ocean water temperatures can transfer to the air, the cold & warm waters circulated by the gyres influence the climate of nearby landmasses.
  • 8. Coriolis effect • Gyres circulation is influenced by this effect • Created by rotation of the earth that causes rotation in a clockwise direction in NH & counterclockwise in SN.
  • 10. Upwelling • Rising of cold, nutrient-rich water to the surface. • As wind blows along the coast, they move the warm surface water • This allows colder & nutrient rich waters from the ocean floor to rise up
  • 11. • The oceans bottom waters rich in nutritients because the sea plants & creatures decay & release their nutritients onto the ocean floor. • As the waters rise up they feed the marine organism in the area so upwelling areas are usually rich in marine life.
  • 12. Thermohaline circulation • Largest ocean circulation patterns & is directly related to temperature & salinity • Density of ocean water depends on temperature & salinity & also colder & saltier