1. Erosion & Sediment Control for Stream Restoration Projects Greg Jennings, PhD, PE Professor & Extension Specialist Biological & Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State University jenningsenv@gmail.com Thanks to Wyatt Brown, LSS, CPESC NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program

2. NC Sediment Pollution Control Act, 1973 15A NCAC 04B .0105 PROTECTION OF PROPERTY Persons conducting land‑disturbing activity shall take all reasonable measures to protect all public and private property from damage caused by such activities. History Note: Authority G.S. 113A‑54(b); 113A‑54(d)(2); Eff. February 1, 1976; Amended Eff. August 1, 1988; November 1, 1984.

3. Construction Practices Site Preparation Grading Structures Site Stabilization

5. Silt fence

6. Staging & stockpile

7. Temporary crossings

9. Silt Fence Problems

10. Silt Fence Problems

11. Staging and Stockpile

12. Stockpile AreaSilt fence & seeding

13. Problems?

14. Temporary Stream Crossing Rock ford Culvert Portable log mat

16. Problems?

18. Prevent erosion around culvert

20. Problems?

21. Stream Flow Diversion Open channel Pipe Pump around Work in wet

22. Open channel Must dissipate energy at end

23. Problems?

24. Pipe

25. Pipe Undersized

26. Pump Around: Match pump to 2 x base flow

27. Check dam to retain base flow Quiet pump in residential area

28. Pump discharge downstream

29. Problem?

30. Special Stilling Basin: Filter Bag

31. Problem?

32. Problem?

33. 2. Grading Stage project to limit exposed areas Use temporary ground cover Use track equipment if possible Keep stormwater runoff away from site

34. Clearing & Grubbing Followed by Survey Stakeout

36. Problem?

37. Problem?

40. Laser Level for Grade Check

44. Log Vane (with root wad) Backer Log

45. Woven filter fabric nailed to top log

46. Geotextilenailed to top log

47. Overhanging top log for fish cover

49. Piping under or through rocks or logs

50. Lack of geotextile, improperly placed

51. Excess scour

53. Too Steep

54. Not Keyed Into Bank

55. Poor Vegetation Establishment

57. Drop too great

58. Easy to spot during high flows…

59. Also easy to spot…after the flows have receded

60. Too steep

61. Too steep How about this one?... Keep log wet…even at normal daily flow

62. Structural collapse

63. Root Wads Too High Too Few & Washed Out Behind

64. Problem?

65. Problem?

66. Problem?

67. 4. Site Stabilization Temporary ground cover (mulch & matting) Permanent ground cover (vegetation) Prepare for rain!

68. Straw Mulch: 75% cover (2 tons/acre)

69. Hydroseeder (mulch, seed, fertilizer)

70. Matting Biodegradable (coir, jute, excelsior, straw) Seed and straw UNDER matting Keep matting relaxed Stakes: wood or biodegradable plastic

72. No Plastic!

74. Each Day: Seed, straw, matting

75. Erosion control every day

76. Large stakes at toe of slope

77. Problem?

78. Irrigation

79. Overland Flow

80. Straw Wattle used as Berm

81. Straw Wattle used as Berm

82. Site Inspection

83. Note: Channel stabilized before floodplain

84. Successful Project: Good design considering hydraulic & sediment transport processes Communication between designer & contractor Flexibility to make field changes Understanding of environmental regulations Prepare for flooding!

85. Use Common Sense

86. Thanks to:Wyatt Brown, NC EEPDan Clinton, CaryDarrell Westmoreland, North State EnvironmentalJan Patterson, Cary, NC