PROPOSAL TO CONVERT THE USAGE OF THE MANDAUE CITY SANITARY LANDFILL INTO A TRANSFER STATION AND CONTRACT OUT FINAL DISPOSAL SITE FOR MANDAUE CITY RESIDUAL WASTE

1. PROPOSAL TO CONVERT THE USAGE OF THE MANDAUE CITY
SANITARY LANDFILL INTO A TRANSFER STATION AND CONTRACT
OUT FINAL DISPOSAL SITE FOR MANDAUE CITY RESIDUAL WASTE
Prepared by:
ENGR. RICARDO D. MENDOZA, MPA
SWMO-Director

2. I. RATIONALE
Mandaue City is one of the fastest growing industrial hubs in Metro Cebu. Through the years past
ever since the city was declared as highly urbanized and industrialized in 1991, the population and the city’s
income grew exponentially. Due to its strategic location, people migrated to the city as well as commercial and
industrial establishments opened their doors in the city. Due to such influx, the city has significantly benefited
from industrialization and commercialization putting at risk its precious natural resources as population grew at
very fast pace.
In light of this, the city faces a daunting task to safeguard its environment preserving its social,
economic and industrial advances. The city’s resources such as creeks and rivers and other vegetation are
adversely affected due to its urbanization and industrialization. Waste produced from the migrants as well as
commercial and industrial establishments has increased exponentially.
The City has rehabilitated the dumpsite in Barangay Umapad into a sanitary landfill where
scavengers converge to collect recyclables that are sold to independent traders unfortunately a 1 hectare
sanitary landfill cannot cope up the increasingly volume of garbage in which the city has generated. The
dumpsite is a host to all types of garbage be it biodegradable, recyclable, special, or residual. As the City has
not have an alternative site for final waste disposal, the Umapad Sanitary Landfill continues to be patronized
with the hope that the volume of wastes to be thrown there will be reduced through the material recovery
facilities and segregation at source.

3. II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The purpose of this proposal is to justify the conversion on the usage of the Mandaue City sanitary
landfill into a transfer station and contract out final disposal site for Mandaue City residual waste. Specifically, the
following sub-problems were taken into consideration:
1. What are the main factors for the increasing of solid wastes generated by the City?
2. What types of wastes and quantities are generated by the City?
3. What is the estimate cost in operating a dumpsite and operating a transfer station?
4. What are the estimated waste volumes generated per day;
a. In operating a dumpsite? and,
b. In operating a transfer station?

4. III. COST
ESTIMATE ON OPERATING A DUMPSITE
For a 1 hectare sanitary landfill to operate considering the daily activities: spreading and compacting solid waste
in layers with repeated passages of the landfill equipment to maximize compaction to approximately 0.60 m or 2
ft.
Placing daily soil cover at least 6 inches over the waste at the end of each day’s operation.
1 hectare area at thickness of 6 inches for soil cover
1,500cum
where:
1 truck load
1 hectare
1 hectare
=
=
=
=
=
Php 4,320 cost per truck @ 18m3
1,500m3 / 18m3/truck
83 trucks
83 trucks x 4,320
358,560/day
/
2
179,280
Let’s say, every three days, we put soil cover for just half a hectare on the amount of
Php 179,280 x 10 = Php 1,792,800/month

5. FOR EQUIPMENT COST (BULLDOZER)
where:
Php 43.50/liter
x
100liter
Php 4,350/day
x
30days
Php 130,500/month
FOR LABOR
1 Driver =
Php 265.00/day
x 26working days
Php 6,890.00
1 Helper =
Php 265.00/day
x 26working days
Php 6,890.00
Total
Php 13,780.00/month
=
 Grand total of Php 1,937,080.00 for operating a dumpsite.

6. IV. COST ESTIMATE ON OPERATING A TRANSFER STATION
For 1 truck load 10 wheeler truck is 5 tons
Projected population in 2014 is 434,863
where:
434,863
x
.5 kl
=
217,431.5
x
30%
=
65,229.45 kl
1,000.00 tons
65.22 tons/day
5 ton/trip
13 trips
_
x 5
65 tons
x 700 /ton
=
Php 45,500/day
x 30 days
Php 1,365,000/month
generated/person
residual wastes
conversion
tipping fee

7. For fuel consumption in transporting for 13 trips for transfer station
where:
1 trip
=
=
x
20 liter @ Php 43.50/liter
Php 870.00 liter
13 trips
Php 11,310/day per trip
Labor (driver & helper)
Php 11,310/day per trip
x
30days
Php 339,300/month

8. FOR EQUIPMENT COST (BACKHOE)
where:
Php 43.50/liter
x
20liter
Php 870/day
x
30days
Php 26,100/month
FOR LABOR
1 Driver
=
Php 265.00/day
x 26working days
Php 6,890.00
1 Helper
=
Php 265.00/day
x 26working days
Php 6,890.00
Total
=
Php 13,780.00
 Grand total of Php 1,755,490.00 for operating a transfer station.

9. V. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
OPERATING A LANDFILL TO OPERATING A TRANSFER STATION
Industrialization and urbanization are the main factors for the increasing solid wastes generated by
the
City,
which
hosts
major
industries
such
as
food
processing, furniture, metal/steelworks, construction, textiles, bottling, automotive/electronics repair and
manufacturing, chemical, cottage, agriculture, and others.
For this justification, planning involves the collection of information on type, amount, generation
rate, trips, fuel allocation in each trip, monthly maintenance, type of equipment/truck, total amount of tons and
characteristics of the wastes to be accepted for landfilling. Acquisition of this information is a prerequisite to an
efficient and effective development of a transfer station. Indeed, it should be noted that the underlying assumption
is that reduction and recycling are the preferred courses of action, and that transfer station is intended for the
residue left after recycling.

10. At present time, the volume of garbage disposed in Umapad dumpsite has been increasing due
to non-compliance of segregation at source. In this case, if the location will operate as a landfill in three
years’ time it will become a mountain of garbage. The mere fact that the location itself is intended to be a
commercial area. In effect, it will reduce the value of property considering the negative impact of
environmental issues and concerns. In converting the landfill into a transfer station, the volume of garbage
will not be mounted due to transferring the waste into a private landfill.
In the barangay level, based on the data we monitored and gathered, it shows that at present
there are only 5 functional Material Recovery Facility (MRF), 9 non-functional and the 13 barangays don’t
have its own MRF. Upon converting the landfill into a transfer station, all barangays will be given an MRF at
the said location and can be easily monitored.

11. The present condition of our dumpsite during bad weather is that our garbage trucks cannot dispose
waste due to the condition of the access road of the area and also if the equipment is not functional, the
operation will be hampered. This will greatly affect the collection of garbage at the barangay level. Access roads
from the public road to the site should be accessible in any weather condition. The roads should be designed to
support the anticipated volume of wastes.
Consequently, in operating a sanitary landfill, it will entice a large amount of cost on having for soil
cover daily not considering the volume of garbage that will generate. While operating a transfer station the cost
will only the tipping fee and fuel cost for transport. But if we will have a final sorting and make sure that waste to
be disposed will be purely residual it will reduce the cost of waste.

12. B. CONCLUSION
As the population of the City increases, the pile of solid waste that households generate gets higher
and higher. Unfortunately, the amount of space available in Umapad Dumpsite cannot keep up with the increased
volume of wastes dumped, and all that trash generated from 27 Barangay Local Government Units (BLGUs) have
to go somewhere.
Based on the data we monitored and gathered for this justification, it safely be concluded that for half
hectare of sanitary landfill to operate considering the daily activities: spreading and compacting solid waste in
layers with repeated passages of the landfill equipment to maximize compaction to approximately 0.60 m or 2 ft.
Placing daily soil cover at least 6 inches over the waste at the end of each day’s operation.
The cost estimate in operating a dumpsite in every three days for half hectare is 179,280/day; the
projected estimated amount that may cost if we put a soil cover isPhp 1,792,800/month . For its equipment cost
(Bulldozer) and its labor (Driver & Helper) is Php 13,780.00/month.
Grand total for operating a dumpsite is Php 1,937,080.00
While the cost estimate in operating a transfer station is Php 1,365,000/months. For the fuel
consumption in transporting for 13 trips from Umapad Dumpsite to Consolacion Landfill, it estimated to Php
11,310/day per trip and with its labor (driver & helper), projected amount to Php 339,300/month. The equipment
cost will be , Php 26,100/month for its labor (driver & helper) is Php 13,780.00/month.
Grand total for operating a transfer station is Php 1,755,490.00.

13. Cost Estimate In Operating a Dumpsite
Cost Estimate In Operating a Transfer Station
Tipping Fee
Soil Cover (every three days)
For a half hectare
=Php 1,792,800/month
Equipment Cost (Bulldozer ) =Php 130,500/month
 Labor (Driver & Helper)
=Php 13,780.00/month
GRAND TOTAL
=Php 1,937,080.00
=Php 1,365,000/month
Fuel Consumption
 Labor (Driver & Helper)
=Php 11,310/day per trip
=Php 339,300/month
Equipment Cost (Backhoe)
 Labor (Driver & Helper)
GRAND TOTAL
=Php 26,100/month
=Php 13,780.00/month
=Php 1,755,490.00

14. GIVEN
Daily Tonnage
Biodegradable
Recyclables
Residuals
Hazardous waste
65 Tons
25 Tons (15 Tons for the plant + 10 tons for barangays)
20 Tons
15 Tons
5 Tons
MONTHLY COMPUTATIONS
SAVINGS FACTOR
OPEN DUMPSITE
Tipping Fee
Soil Covering
Monthly Savings
LANDFILL
1,365,000.00
TRANSFER STATION
136,500.00 only 10% of input waste will
go to landfill
1,937,080.00
572,080.00
1,800,580.00

15. REVENUE FACTORS
OPEN DUMPSITE
BIODEGRADABLE WASTE RECOVERY
Barangay MRF
Barangay Compost
Waste to Resource Facility
Anaerobic Digestion
Soil Conditioner
Methane Gas
Plant Compost
LANDFILL
TRANSFER STATION
1,500,000.00
(@ 5/kg per day times
10 tons/day barangay)
750,000.00
(@ 10 Tons per day
@ Php 2.5/Kg)
132,000.00
(@ equivalent to 80Kg
of LPG/day equivalent
to 2000kWh)
1,500,000.00
(@ 5 tons/day
@ php10/kg from the plant)

16. OPEN DUMPSITE
LANDFILL
TRANSFER STATION
NON-BIODEGRADABLE
WASTE RECOVERY
Refuse Derived Fuel
150,000.00
(@ 10 Tons per day
@ Php .5/Kg)
Plastic to Fuel
Plastic to Pellets
Hazardous Waste
Monthly Revenues
144,000.00
(@Php 30/kg; 40Kg/ batch/;
6 batches/8hr day; 20 days/month)auto-claving process
2,382,000.00

17. OPEN DUMPSITE
LANDFILL
TRANSFER STATION
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Airborne Pathogens
Water Contaminants
Population Risk
Greenhouse Gases
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
Very High
Very High
Very High
High
High
High
Unabated
Unabated
Sequestered
39.60 Cubic meters (volume of CO2)
CH4 (Methane)
Unabated
Unabated
Sequestered
59.40 Cubic meters (Volume of Methane)
Nox (Other Gases)
Unabated
Unabated
Carbon Credits
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
CH4 (Methane)
SAVINGS AND REVENUES
Low
Very Low
Very Low
1<
29,937.60
(@ US$ 10 per tone)
(CO2 is 1.8 Kg/CuM))(weight)
351,018.36
(@ US$ 10 per tone)
(CH4 is 0.6 Kg/CuM but 21 times more
harmful than CO2))(weight)
572,080.00
with carbon credits
4,182,580.00
4,563,535.96
* Revenue estimates based on full plant operation about 6 months after installation

18. C. RECOMMENDATION
People living in Mandaue City throw away household rubbish every year. All these wastes have a
huge impact on the environment. The amount of wastes that are creating is increasing and the nature of waste
itself is changing. This means waste now contains an increasingly complex mix of materials, including plastics,
precious metals and hazardous materials that are difficult to deal with safely.
Based on the foregoing data gathered and conclusions, the following recommendations are hereby
given:
1. The usage of City’s Sanitary Landfill into a transfer station represents an opportunity to recover resources. It
offers an appealing solution looking to hold the wastes generated by households in the City.
2. We understand that the Barangays are individually responsible for the waste collection. To make it expedient,
the Mandaue City government should adopt the conversion of landfill into a transfer station so that the waste
collection will be centralized. So as, the volume of garbage will not be mounted due to transferring the waste into
a private landfill. And upon converting the landfill into a transfer station, all barangays will be given a Material
Recovery Facility (MRF) at the said location and can be easily monitored.

19. 3. Maintenance of access roads at the site should be conducted on a continuous basis.
Roads should be inspected and repaired frequently. Lack of proper road maintenance
leads to equipment damage, unnecessary delays in operations, and safety problems. So
as in converting the dumpsite into a transfer station, we have to make sure that we will
provide a concrete and passable access road and assigned well-conditioned equipment
for transferring the residual waste to the assigned city transport truck.
4. Landscaping in transfer station would suffice for it creates green buffer zones to
increase liveability and a beautiful environment to decrease your stress levels. Adding
trees, shrubs, flowers, grasses and plants to the landscaped areas can attract wildlife
such as birds. It offers substantial environmental benefits because it reduces air pollution
by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Having it landscaped, it can also
reduce noise pollution by blocking out surrounding noises and heat reduction.
By this, the City government can promote this one of a kind environmental friendly
transfer station to other LGUs where they can visit, conduct educational tour and they
can also replicate this to their respective city/municipalities.

20. PROPOSED CONCEPT PLAN
FOR MANDAUE CITY TRANSFER
STATION

22. GUARD HOUSE & WEIGHING SCALE

23. GUARD HOUSE

24. WEIGHING SCALE

25. HOLDING AREA

26. HOLDING AREA

27. HOLDING AREA

28. ENTRANCE TO ADMIN OFFICE & MRF AREA

29. ENTRANCE

30. OFFICE

31. OFFICE DESIGN

34. MRF

35. MRF DESIGN

36. PROCESSING AREA

37. SORTING AREA

38. COMPOSTING AREA WITH AGRICULTURE OFFICE

39. TRANSFER STATION

40. SANITARY LANDFILL

43. THANK YOU!