1.
Iran innovation ecosystem
Following a 2-week exploration of the local tech scene
November 2013

2.
Innovation has no place in a global world, it’s everywhere
Innovation ecosystems can learn from one another
Local context matters and should be a source for innovators
This is why…
We’re on a world tour of innovation ecosystems!
We believe…

3.
History & context of
innovation in Iran
How to grow and lose top engineers

4.
A brief history of Iran innovation ecosystem
• 1950s: Iran’s Shah scholarships seeded universities with (mainly) US
professors who helped to grow education in a modern way
• 1980s: war with Iraq and embargo forced Iran to implement an
efficient Research-Manufacture-Test-Research again cycle

5.
A brief history of Iran innovation ecosystem
• 2009: Iran national science budget goes from 0.4% to 0.87% of the GDP, with
2.5% target in 2015
• 2011: release of the “Comprehensive Scientific Plan” to implement 224
scientific projects by 2025
• 2012-2013: grassroots events mobilize the local tech scene

6.
Iranian tech entrepreneurs are diasporans
• Pierre Omidyar is the founder of eBay (1995), billlionaire, now venturing
into new media & investigative journalism
• Arash Ferdowsi (pictured) is the co-founder and CTO of Dropbox (2007)
• Alex Mehr and Shayan Zadeh, founders of Zoosk (2007)
• Salar Kamangar is CEO of Youtube since 2010, he’s Google 9th employee

7.
Online & tech landscape of Iran
E-Commerce/B2C Social Media Advertising
Deal sites HealthcareNews
MMO/Gaming
Mobile Payment

8.
Iran tops MENA connectedness to the web…
Number of Internet users in millions in Middle-East and North Africa, 2012

9.
… and is growing fast!
Asia 27%

10.
Social media popular despite bans
Asia 27%
• Iran has the world’s largest blogosphere relative to its population,
with nearly 25% running a blog
• 21% read or contribute to forums at least twice a day (!)
• Iranians prefer Yahoo! Mail (63%) to Gmail (32%) or Hotmail (2%)

11.
Iran is a “mobile-first” nation
Asia 27%
• Iranian mobile market the largest in the Middle East (83.2 million mobile
subscriptions in 2012)
• Mobile penetration rate of 110%, set to increase to 142% in 2017
• 8M smartphones

12.
Iran slightly opening in 2013
• 2013 elections brought reformist president, recent nuclear deal a positive sign
• Islam still official, but not as formal as before (dress-code for instance)
• Diaspora tempted to come back, potential emigrants hesitate to leave
• A population always keen to hack the system (veils, alcohol)

13.
Iran innovation
ecosystem today
Pros & Cons, Top Connectors & local best practices

14.
Pros and cons of Iran
innovation ecosystem
• Market of 120-130M people talking Farsi
• Access to a melting pot of untapped markets
(Kurds, Afghans, Central Asians, Iraqis)
• High level of education (5000 new
engineers/year)
• Proximity of Dubai and UAE as a regional hub
for Middle-East and a global hub for airlines
• Huge diaspora (4-6M) with influential
position in tech, business, banking (US, UK,
MENA)
• Government opening since last presidential
election (2013) with liberal policies
• Price of talent is unequal (up to $10k/month
in government vs. $2k in tech startups)
• Brain Drain of talent and rare relocation in
Iran
• Cost of life in Tehran is expensive ($450k for a
100sq. Meters middle-class area flat)
• A enclosed market for payments: you cannot
pay an Iranian company from outside, no
bank wire
• Visa policy still complicated, even more for
UK, US, Israel
• English not a common language for business
PROS CONS

15.
Top connectors in Iran
Mohsen Malayeri (LinkedIn), Vice President of Iran
Entrepreneurship Association, Co-Founder
Anetwork, Global Facilitator Startup Weekend, Iran
Web Festival organizer
Shayan Shalileh (LinkedIn), Director & Founder of
Iranian Website News Agency (Webna), Founder of
Khavarzamin System Kish Company and Online
Advertising Services
Reza Hashemi (LinkedIn) is a serial entrepreneur,
founding member of the first major persian web
startup, persianblog.
Said Rahmani Khezri (Linkedin), Founder & CEO of
Sarava, the first VC/PE fund focused on investment in
Internet and Ecommerce and incubation of
technology startups in Iran

16.
Top connectors to bridge Iran to the world
Patrick McDermott (LinkedIn) is an
entrepreneur based in Singapore with strong
ties with the Iran tech scene.
Misagh Shakeri (LinkedIn) is a software
engineer, raised in Iran, worked in France and
now in Canada on the sharing economy
Muhammad Arrabi (LinkedIn), a web
programmer turned evangelist turned mentor,
active in Jordan, Dubai and “Digital Arabia”
Pejman Nozad (Crunchbase), “Silicon Valley’s
hottest VC”, early investor in Dropbox, Zoosk,
Path

17.
Best practices of
Iran innovation ecosystem
• Grassroots events with global reach are now entertaining the local
tech & creative scene

18.
Best practices of
Iran innovation ecosystem
Iran Entrepreneurship
Association is a non-
profit organization
which:
• Organizes events
(Startup Weekend,
Iran web festival),
• Identify mentors
and train to
mentoring
• Collaborates with
universities to set
up the Iran startup
ecosystem

19.
Best practices of
Iran innovation ecosystem
• Karya (http://www.karya.ir/) is an online startup school in Farsi to
provide entrepreneurs with the best videos, articles and resources,
on topics such as Business Model, Lean Startup or Team building.

20.
What’s next for Iran?
Recommendations to push forward the innovation ecosystem

21.
Next steps for
Iran innovation ecosystem
Tap into the diaspora’s wealth and networks to scale globally
• Run a program to drive back expatriates and emigrants with talent back home
“Every speaker at the conference spoke eloquently and passionately about nationalistic
sentiment among Iranians living abroad, Iran's glorious 2,500-year history and the
significant achievement of the Iranian diaspora in adopted homelands. They beckoned a
return of the diaspora, whether permanent or in the form of organized cooperation, on the
grounds that these "national resources" owe their country their continued involvement in its
strive toward economic and technical/scientific development” (Iranian.com)
• Identify and empower diasporans to bridge their new countries to Iran
“There is a growing recognition that transnational communities facilitate increased trade,
investment and cultural linkages between the different countries that they are connected to,
and that they are important development actors” (Diaspora & Development)
• Use new technologies and currencies (airtime, bitcoins) to increase remittances
“it’s hard not to see how Bitcoin will disrupt a banking and money industry characterized by
gatekeepers, exclusivity and multiple checks.” (Martin Pasquier)

22.
Next steps for
Iran innovation ecosystem
Turn engineers and creative into entrepreneurs able to run a business
• Support startups hiring engineers with tax cuts/grants for each engineer
hired
“Price of talent is unequal. Engineers can earn up to $10k/month in
government industry, vs. only $2k in tech startups” (Mohsen Malayeri)
• Train engineers in business & management
“Students choose their orientation very early. Future engineers don’t learn
humanities, and lack a global vision that helps to be a leader on top of a
specialist. They need business skills” (Natalie Copuroglu)
• Support grassroots initiatives which help grow an entrepreneurial mindset
“During the Startup Weekend in Shiraz, there were an astonishing 64 pitches,
when a usual hackathon have about 15-30 pitches. People here have ideas and
a will to realize them” (Natalie Copuroglu)

23.
Next steps for
Iran innovation ecosystem
Focus on local innovation and needs that can be exported afterwards
• Identify and support startups addressing local needs and market
specificities
“Finding a doctor in Iran is a very complicated process, as people usually rely
on research and word of mouth and the Pareto’s Law prevails, where 20% of
the doctors see 80% of the patients. There is a need for structured information
about health related professionals and providers in Iran and Shafajoo is trying
to address this pain point” (Natalie Copuroglu)
• Connect successful local startups to like-minded market abroad for scaling
“A platform such as Shafajoo would solve a similar problem in China or the
Middle East, as diploma mills is a rampant problem. Recently, a list of 100 fake
universities in China was revealed in the press and in the Middle East, it has
been reported that about 620 Saudi govt employees found using fake degrees.”
(Natalie Copuroglu)

24.
Eager to learn about the
other innovation ecosystems?

25.
Documenting innovation through key events
Hot posts, interviews, live-tweet, Google Hangouts
Identifying key connectors on & offline
Discovering alternative and emerging innovation ecosystems
Beyond the Silicon Valley, local innovation hotbeds
Tech, Social impact, Education, Life Sciences…
Increasing mobility of innovators and ecosystem enablers
Connecting doers and thinkers through monthly Hangouts
Offering innovation ecosystem enablers to learn and exchange from peers
About our project
A world tour of innovation ecosystems

26.
About our team
Analysis, community & network
Martin Pasquier
Entrepreneur in
Singapore (social
media agency), long-
time traveller
Mixes economics,
politics and travels to
analyze ecosystems,
reports on innovation
Anne Lalou
CEO of Innovation
Factory & Web School
Factory in Paris
Transfer knowledge of
ecosystems to new
generation and to a
network of top French
companies
Nicolas Loubet
Serial entrepreneur
in Paris
with 3 companies,
growth hacker
Manages and
nurtures creative
communities
on & offline

27.
Catch us if you can! Roadmap ‘13-’14
SUPPORT US! Travel & time of exploration isn’t free 
Custom reports on emerging markets & trends
Workshops, talks on innovation trends
Connection to key local players for VCs, brands, tech communities

28.
Links & resources to know more about
Iran innovation ecosystem

29.
• Natalie Copuroglu’s blog, she is our reporter in Iran
• Follow us on Twitter: @martpasquier, @nicolasloubet, @annelalou, @natalietweetie
• Support us for our world tour, get reports on-demand and more!
Innovation is Everywhere
About

30.
About
Sources on the web
• Digital Iran Unveiled (Slideshare)
• Iran Entrepreneurship Association (website)
• Mohsen Malayeri (blog)
• Statistics about Iran’s mobile penetration (article)
• Mobile payment solution mPaad reaching 4M users and 500K
transactions a day (article)
• Iran unveils Comprehensive Scientific Plan (article)
• Formation of emerging technological innovation systems in Iran –
Case study in nanotechnology sector (pdf)
• Iran’s tech ecosystem struggles to catch up to Persian diaspora
startups (article)
• Newsweek: Forget Harvard, Top Iranian Universities (blog)

31.
Thanks!
Martin Pasquier, for Innovation is Everywhere
martin@innovationiseverywhere.com