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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
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4. Introduction
Desired tooth movement is inevitably asso with an
opposing force.
Anchorage units
Anchorage loss
Anchorage management
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5. Definitions
Moyers :
“ Resistance to displacement.”
Active elements and resistance elements.
T.M. Graber :
“The nature and degree of resistance to displacement
offered by an anatomic unit when used for the
purpose of effecting tooth movement.”
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6. Definitions
Proffit :
“Resistance to unwanted tooth movement.”
“Resistance to reaction forces that is provided
(usually) by other teeth, or (sometimes) by the palate,
head or neck (via extraoral force), or implants in
bone.”
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7. Definitions
Nanda :
“The amount of movement of posterior teeth (molars,
premolars) to close the extraction space in order to
achieve selected treatment goals.”
Reversal of anchorage
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9. Classification
Nanda :
1. A anchorage : critical / severe
75 % or more of the extraction space is needed for
anterior retraction
.
2. B anchorage : moderate
Relatively symmetric space closure (50%)
3. C anchorage : mild / non critical
75% or more of space closure by mesial movement
of posterior teeth
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11. Classification
Burstone
Group A: Postr teeth contribute less than one quarter
to total space closure
Group B: Postr teeth contribute from one quarter to
one half to total space closure
Group C: Postr teeth contribute more than one half
to total space closure
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12. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
Anchorage value
Teeth to be moved
Active components
Anchorage
Extraoral vs intraoral anchorage
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13. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
Factors affecting anchorage value
Force magnitude
Physiologic force
concept
F/A
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14. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
Surface area
Major determinant
Lower incisor vs molar anchorage
First principle of orthodontic anchorage
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15. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
For a tooth or group of teeth acting as anchorage
unit, pressure within the pdl should be kept as low
as possible
Heavy forces
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16. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
Pressure Response Curve for Anchor Teeth (A) and
Teeth to be Moved (M)
Pressure in the PDL of A is less than the pressure in
the PDL of M
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17. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
2nd factor – pressure distribution
Single force vs force couple
Second
principle of orthodontic anchorage
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18. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
Proffit
Tipping – 50-75 g
Bodily - 100-150 g
Intrusion - 50-75 g
Extrusion - 50-75 g
Rotation - 50-75 g
Uprighting- 75- 125g
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19. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
Tooth which is free to tip has a less anchorage value
than a tooth which is restricted in tipping by the
application of a force couple
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20. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
3rd factor – no. of roots and root morphology
Multirooted > single rooted
Longer rooted > shorter rooted
Triangular shaped root > conical or ovoid root
Larger surface area > smaller surface area
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21. Biologic Aspect Of Anchorage
4th factor – neighbouring structures
Quality of the alveolar bone
Traumatic extraction
2nd molars inclusion
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23. Types of anchorage
Simple Anchorage:
‘Dental anchorage in which the
manner and application of force
tends to displace or change the
axial inclination of the teeth
that form the anchorage unit in
the plane of space in which the
force is being applied.’
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24. Types of anchorage
Stationary Anchorage:
‘Dental anchorage in which the manner and
application of force tends to displace the anchorage
unit bodily in the plane of space in which the force is
being applied.’
Refers to the advantage that can be obtained by
pitting bodily movement of one group of teeth against
tipping of another
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25. Types of anchorage
Eg: Retraction of
mandibular incisors
using first molars as
anchorage
Considerably more than
Simple Anchorage
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26. Types of anchorage
Reciprocal Anchorage:
Anchorage in which the
resistance of one or more dental
units is utilized to move one or
more opposing dental units
Dissipation of equal and
opposite forces
Diastema closure
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29. Types of anchorage
Multiple or Reinforced
Anchorage:
Multiple dental anchorage:
Reduces pressure on the anchor
units moving them down the
slope of the pressure-response
curve
Tissue - borne anchorage:
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30. Types of anchorage
Cortical Anchorage:
Torquing the roots of posterior teeth outward against
the cortical plate to inhibit their mesial movement
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32. Types of anchorage
Intermaxillary anchorage/ traction
Resistance units situated in one jaw are used to
effect tooth movement in the other jaw
Class III traction
Class II traction
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33. Palatal and lingual arches
Maintain intermolar width
Restrict mesial tipping
Correction of rotations
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34. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Two bracket system
Cinched
Passive and rigid
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35. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Bilateral expansion
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36. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Bilateral constriction
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37. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Symmetrical V- Bend
Bilateral First order activations
(Mesiofacial Rotations)
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38. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Clinical uses
Required in non-extraction T/t
To counter the M-Li rotations
produced by space closing forces
Before initiating head gear
therapy
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39. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
To decrease the arch perimeter
To close any remaining
posterior spaces
To seat the molar properly for
a classII molar finish
Mesiolingual Rotations
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40. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Symmetrical V- Bend
Bilateral Second order
activations
(M-D tipping)
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41. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
•Correction of unilateral classII dental malocclusion
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42. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Symmetrical V- Bend
Bilateral Third order activations
(Facial Root Torque)
•To upright the molar roots
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43. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Asymmetrical V- Bend
Unilateral First order activations
(Mesiofacial Rotations)
•Correction of unilateral
classII
dental malocclusion
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44. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Asymmetrical V- Bend
Unilateral First order
activations
(Mesiolingual Rotations)
Unilateral Loss of molar anchorage is required
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45. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Asymmetrical V- Bend
Unilateral Third order
activations
(Facial Root Torque)
•To correct the unilateral cross bites
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46. Two couple orthodontic appliance system :
Transpalatal arches
Step bends
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