1. GENDER EQUALITY TO ACCELERATE
THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SDG2
Hazel Malapit, Senior Research Coordinator, IFPRI | 29 Nov 2018

2. GENDER GENDER GENDER GENDER GENDER GENDER GENDER GENDER
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Which pathways will you influence?
Source: Adapted from TANDI 2011; Gillespie et al 2012; Ruel and Alderman 2013; Kadiyala et al 2014
4. Women’s social status
and empowerment
2. Source of
income
3. Food prices
6. Women’s own
nutrition and health
1. Source of food 5. Women’s time &
caring practices
Food availability
Food
expenditureTechnology
adoption
Nutritional
status
Food and
nutrient
intakes, overall
diet quality
Household incomeAgricultural
program
participation Non-food
expenditure

3. What’s your goal?
Reach Benefit Empower
Include women in
program activities
Increase women’s well-
being (e.g. food security,
income, health)
Strengthen ability of women to
make strategic life choices and
to put those choices into action

4. Example: Nutritious crop disseminated through
agricultural extension to farmer groups
Objective
Reach Benefit Empower
• Deliver agricultural
extension services to
women
• Increase women’s
well-being
• Increase women’s agency over
production and nutrition
decisions
Strategies • Provide
transportation
• Conduct training
during convenient
times of the day
Indicators • Proportion of women
attending training,
receiving extension
advice
• Consider women’s
preferences and
constraints in design
and content of
training
• Sex-disaggregated data
for land use, yields,
income, consumption,
nutrition, time use, etc
• Decision making power over
production, income, food
consumption
• Reduction of GBV, time burden
• Enhance women’s decision
making power in households
and communities, especially
on crops to grow

5. The various material,
human, and social
resources that serve to
enhance one’s ability to
exercise choice
The capacity to define one’s own
goals and make strategic choices in
pursuit of these goals, particularly
in a context where this ability was
previously denied
The achievement
of one’s goals
Agency
AchievementsResources
Empowerment is…
Source: Kabeer 1999

6. Pro-WEAI measures
3 types of agency
▪ Power within (intrinsic)
▪ Power to (instrumental)
▪ Power with (collective)

7. CLARITY + ALIGNMENT = IMPACT
Pathways?
How does gender matter?
Reach, Benefit, or Empower women?

8. CLARITY + ALIGNMENT = IMPACT
Use indicators consistent with project goals and activities
Use strategies to reach women
Consider women’s needs and constraints to maximize benefits to women
Find ways to address gender norms, increase women’s decision-making

9. CLARITY + ALIGNMENT = IMPACT
Assess impacts rigorously
Use WEAI to measure empowerment
Report on what worked, what didn’t work, and why
Learn from what doesn’t work, invest in what works

10. CLARITY + ALIGNMENT = IMPACT
Learn more at: weai.ifpri.info
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