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Practical Troubleshooting & Problem
Solving of Ethernet Networks:
RS-232 Fundamentals
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DTE vs DCE
• DTE
– Data Terminal Equipment
– Transmits on Pin 2 for 25-pin connector
• DCE
– Data Communications Equipment
– Transmits on Pin 3 for 25-pin connector
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RS-232 Connections (DB25)
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EIA-232
• Electrical Signal levels
– Logic 0 =+3 to+25V = Control ON
– Logic 1 = -3 to -25V = Control OFF
• Mechanical Interface
– DB-25, DB-9 connectors
• Circuit Functionality
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Voltage Levels for EIA-232
Data Line Driver
Control Line Driver
0 (Space)
1 (On)
1 (Mark)
0 (Off)
Data Lines
Driver Receiver
Control Lines
Data Receiver
Control Receiver
+25 V
+25 V
+25 V
+25 V
-25 V
-25 V
-25 V
-25 V
+5 V
+5 V
+3 V
+3 V
-5 V
-5 V
-3 V
-3 V
0 V
0 V
0 V
0 V
ON
OFF
0
1
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Pin Assignments
Pin Number
(DTE)
DB9
ConnectorIBM Assignment
DB25 Connector
EIA-232 Pin Assignment
1 Received Line Signal Shield
2 Received Data Transmitted Data
3 Transmitted Data Received Data
4 DTE Ready Request to Send
5 Signal Common/Ground Clear to Send
6 DCE Ready DCE Ready
7 Request to Send Signal Common/Ground
8 Clear to Send Received Line Signal
9 Ring Indicator + Voltage (Testing)
20 - DTE Ready
22 - Ring Indicator
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Limitations
• Point-to-Point
• Distance Limitation
= 2500pf (50ft @ 50pf/ft)
• 20kbps
• -3 to -25V and +3 to +25 V
• Note Table 2.1 Page 30 !
Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Typical Approach
• Check basic Parameters
• Identify which is DTE and DCE
• Clarify handshaking compatibility
– either Hardware
– or Software
• Check actual protocol
– use protocol analyzer
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Test Equipment
• Multimeter
• LED
• Breakout Box
• PC Based Protocol Analyzer
• Dedicated Protocol Analyzer
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Breakout Box
LEDs usually Bi-Color
Red commonly Positive Green commonly Negative
DIP
Switches
Common
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RS-232 Breakout Box
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Protocol Analyzer Connections
Protocol
Analyzer
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Typical RS-232 Problems
• Mechanical Problems
– Keep wires short
– Stranded wire instead of solid wire
– Only one wire soldered per pin
– Bare wire should not be visible
– Back shell must secure wire
Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Typical RS-232 Problems
• Setup Problems
– Software setup compatible
• 8N1or 7E1 or 7O1
– Baud rate correct
– Code correct - Binary/Hex or ASCII
– Software set up for handshaking
• Hardware or Software control
Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Typical RS-232 Problems
• Noise Problems
– Ground Induced Noise
– Induced Noise on TX or RX lines
– Induced noise on Control Lines
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Practical Fieldbus, DeviceNet & Ethernet for Indusrty

  • 1. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Practical Troubleshooting & Problem Solving of Ethernet Networks: RS-232 Fundamentals
  • 2. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare DTE vs DCE • DTE – Data Terminal Equipment – Transmits on Pin 2 for 25-pin connector • DCE – Data Communications Equipment – Transmits on Pin 3 for 25-pin connector
  • 3. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare RS-232 Connections (DB25)
  • 4. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare EIA-232 • Electrical Signal levels – Logic 0 =+3 to+25V = Control ON – Logic 1 = -3 to -25V = Control OFF • Mechanical Interface – DB-25, DB-9 connectors • Circuit Functionality
  • 5. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Voltage Levels for EIA-232 Data Line Driver Control Line Driver 0 (Space) 1 (On) 1 (Mark) 0 (Off) Data Lines Driver Receiver Control Lines Data Receiver Control Receiver +25 V +25 V +25 V +25 V -25 V -25 V -25 V -25 V +5 V +5 V +3 V +3 V -5 V -5 V -3 V -3 V 0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V ON OFF 0 1
  • 6. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Pin Assignments Pin Number (DTE) DB9 ConnectorIBM Assignment DB25 Connector EIA-232 Pin Assignment 1 Received Line Signal Shield 2 Received Data Transmitted Data 3 Transmitted Data Received Data 4 DTE Ready Request to Send 5 Signal Common/Ground Clear to Send 6 DCE Ready DCE Ready 7 Request to Send Signal Common/Ground 8 Clear to Send Received Line Signal 9 Ring Indicator + Voltage (Testing) 20 - DTE Ready 22 - Ring Indicator
  • 7. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Limitations • Point-to-Point • Distance Limitation = 2500pf (50ft @ 50pf/ft) • 20kbps • -3 to -25V and +3 to +25 V • Note Table 2.1 Page 30 !
  • 8. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Typical Approach • Check basic Parameters • Identify which is DTE and DCE • Clarify handshaking compatibility – either Hardware – or Software • Check actual protocol – use protocol analyzer
  • 9. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Test Equipment • Multimeter • LED • Breakout Box • PC Based Protocol Analyzer • Dedicated Protocol Analyzer
  • 10. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Breakout Box LEDs usually Bi-Color Red commonly Positive Green commonly Negative DIP Switches Common
  • 11. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare RS-232 Breakout Box
  • 12. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Protocol Analyzer Connections Protocol Analyzer
  • 13. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Typical RS-232 Problems • Mechanical Problems – Keep wires short – Stranded wire instead of solid wire – Only one wire soldered per pin – Bare wire should not be visible – Back shell must secure wire
  • 14. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Typical RS-232 Problems • Setup Problems – Software setup compatible • 8N1or 7E1 or 7O1 – Baud rate correct – Code correct - Binary/Hex or ASCII – Software set up for handshaking • Hardware or Software control
  • 15. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare Typical RS-232 Problems • Noise Problems – Ground Induced Noise – Induced Noise on TX or RX lines – Induced noise on Control Lines
  • 16. Technology Training that worksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare DO YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE? If you are interested in further training or information, please visit: http://idc-online.com/slideshare