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Presentation at the 95th Governing Board meeting (Program Committee) By Research Program: Innovation Systems for the Drylands

  1. Research Program: Innovation Systems for the Drylands Theme: Markets, Institutions, Nutrition, Diversity Presentation at the 95th Governing Board meeting Program Committee 30 Sept 2020
  2. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 2 In support of SDG #2 and others, we provide the knowledge, tools and capacity for enabling people in the drylands to transition towards sustainable and resilient farm and food systems. What we do in one sentence
  3. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 Starting point
  4. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 4 #1 Improve technologies, varieties, targeting #2 Improve agency of people in food systems #3 Strengthen institutions, policies, governance Impact assessment System analysis Interventions and co-design Research framework > Public goods Cross-cutting themes (Gender, Nutrition) Effective Theories of Change, Impact Pathways and Scaling strategies Better mandate crops / products Higher Innovation capacity Enabling environment #1
  5. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 5 Supporting product developmentA
  6. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 6
  7. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 7 Enhance market linkagesB
  8. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 8
  9. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 9 Improve policies and institutionsC
  10. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 10
  11. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 11 Photo credits: R Padmaja, ICRISAT, Koraput, Odisha, India Gender and nutritionD
  12. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 12
  13. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 13 Impact assessmentE
  14. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 14 Perspective Understanding the relations between farmers’ seed demand and research methods: The challenge to do better Conny JM Almekinders1 , Koen Beumer 2 , Michael Hauser 3 , Michael Misiko4 , Marcel Gatto5 , Agnes O Nkurumwa6 and Olaf Erenstein7 Abstract Although the development of improved seeds has witnessed significant advances over the last decades, the adoption of improved seedsand varieties by smallholder farmersisvariable. Thissuggeststhat research methodsfor studyingfarmers’ seed demand are not yieldinginformation that reflects the real-life decisions and behaviours of farmers in the choice and acquisition of their seeds. We suggest that research methods for analysing farmers’ seed demand shape seed availability. This is supported by the theory of social life of methods. We argue that access to and attractiveness of seed are highly context-specific for a farmer, for example, influenced by his/her social position, the role of the crop or variety in the farming system, the linkage to the market, agro-ecological conditions, and that context is highly variable. We also argue that many of our research methods are weak on capturing real-life context and provide fragmented snapshot-nature understandingand biasesof farmerspreferencesand needsfor seeds. We call for more integrated understandingof seed systems as a whole and a more holistic methodological research approach that better captures the variable real-life context of farmers while providing the metrics that are needed by seed actors and policymakers to enable informed decisions. Keywords agricultural technology, social life of methods, context, attractiveness Introduction Improved seeds1 play a pivotal role in increasing agricul- tural productivity, improving farmers’ livelihoods, and addressing the challenges of climate change and global food security. Yet, whereas there have been significant advances in the development of improved seeds over the last decades, their scaling into widespread use has been mixed (e.g. AGRA, 2018; Eriksson et al., 2018; Walker and Alwang, 2015). Significant challenges remain in achieving widespread adoption by smallholders farmers in low- and middle-income countries. Results of variety trait elicitations and preference rankings are increasingly used by breeding programs (e.g. Setimela et al., 2017; Wit- combeet al., 2001). Nonetheless, useand turn-over ratesof improved varieties often remain below expert expectations (Spielman and Smale, 2017). Many farmers still do not invest in high-quality seed (e.g. certified, Quality Declared Seed or otherwise guaranteed), even where such invest- ments are seemingly available, affordable and profitable (Hoogendoorn et al., 2018). These mixed experiences lead to calls to redesign or align breeding pipelines in combina- tion with more effective approaches to seed dissemination (Atlin, 2017; Eriksson et al., 2018; Rajendran Kimenyeand McEwan, 2017) and increasing farmers’ demand for qual- ity seed (De Roo and Gildemacher, 2016). We reflect here on theroleof oneof themorecommonly overlooked bottle- necks in attempts to make smallholder farmers plant more high-quality seeds: our research methods. 1 Wageningen University and Research (WUR), The Netherlands 2 Utrecht University (UU), The Netherlands 3 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Nairobi, Kenya 4 Centro Internacional de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya 5 Centro International de la Papa (CIP), Viet Nam 6 Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya 7 Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maı´z y Trigo (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Me´xico Corresponding author: Conny JM Almekinders, Wageningen Universiteit Maatschappijwetenschappen, Hollandseweg 1, Wageningen 6706 KN, the Netherlands. Email: conny.almekinders@wur.nl Outlook on Agriculture 2019, Vol. 48(1) 16–21 ª The Author(s) 2019 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions DOI: 10.1177/0030727019827028 journals.sagepub.com/home/oag DNA Fingerprinting to understandChickpea adoption levels in Ethiopia improved
  15. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 15 African and Asian dryland futures, scenarios informing equitable and fair resource use. New agricultural transformation paradigms supporting SDGs within planetary boundaries. Measures to enhance ecosystem services, food system resilience in dryland agroecologies. New food system design principles and agricultural development processes. Innovation and social game changers accelerating transitions towards circular farm and food systems economies. Priority research issues Poly-centric governance solutions to manage synergies and trade-offs between development outcomes Future of seed systems and new social business models. Capitalisation of urbanisation for food and nutrition security. De-risking agriculture and food systems in the drylands Making best use of social protection supporting food system conversations. Conflict mitigation through integrating food and feed flows in protracted crises contexts.
  16. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 16 1. More normative and less confirmative/descriptive research > scalable action-oriented research to fill critical knowledge gaps between Advanced Research Institutes, NARES and practice 2. Additional innovation ecologies: City-Region Food systems, protracted crises and conflict settings 3. Strategic investments into demand (rather than supply-driven) crop improvement, multi-purpose use, nutrition 4. Make MIND research more integrated, unambiguous integration with crop improvement and Regional Research Programs 5. Build on systems and transition research competencies, occupy that niche with the OneCGIAR Strategic moves#3
  17. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 17 Internal and external clients National and regional governance mechanism Internal product development, CGIAR NARES, Multilateral agencies, civil society, social entrepreneurs with scaling capacity ICRISAT RRPs in Asia, ESA and WCA, AVISA, Excellence in Breeding Platform, etc. WFP, UNICEF, FAO; CARE, OXFAM; World Bank, Social business, Academic institutions CAADP/African Union, regional organisations (IGAD, EAC, Internal service provisions ICRISAT Data curation, policy development, impact assessment, etc Producers, consumers (female and male), vulnerable groups (boys, girls, ethnicities, etc.) Catalysers Researchpartners #4
  18. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 18 Organisation#5 RPsMIND Theme Focal Points CoPs Gender Nutrition Impact Assessment and learning Scaling ISD System analysis Interventions and Co-design SPIA Foresight
  19. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 19 Communication, fundraising, lobbying#6 • Communication: What we communicate articulate the institutional mandate and Theory of change. In other words: We determine what is required to make SES work better in our mandate areas, how can technologies and varieties contribute. • Fundraising: Basis of fundraising and lobbying for better understanding on systems approaches, getting to understand that a new variety released will not alleviate poverty and increase incomes if there is not a balanced investments in the rest of the agri/food system. • Lobbying: promote food systems action supporting scaling of impact along our Theories of Change and Impact Pathways.
  20. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 20 1. Staffing and financial management remains with ISD, MIND is part of the larger ICRISAT business plan 2. Internal funds for impact assessment, institutional services (25 %) 3. CGIAR Research programs and post-CRPs (40%) 4. Bilateral funding (35%) 5. Focus medium to large interventions, especially GCF and climate/development finance Finances#7
  21. Presentation at the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board Meeting Program Committee Sept 30, 2020 Thank You Questions? 21
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