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ICRISAT Global Planning Meeting 2019:Research Program - Innovation Systems for the Drylands (ISD) by Dr Anthony Whitbread and Team

  1. Innovation Systems for the Drylands (ISD) RP Director Anthony Whitbread DAY–Ram Dhulipala MIND – Michael Hauser AIP – Aravazhi (Acting) SACSA – under recruitment
  2. What is an Innovation Systems Approach? The goal: In support of ICRISAT’s vision, ISD creates and uses knowledge, methodologies and tools to create innovations, understand entry points/tradeoffs and leverage actors towards profitable resilient and sustainable agri-food systems at scale. An innovation systems approach harnesses the conditions needed to create demand for technologies and creates the knowledge that may be used to bring about such changes…innovations most often emerge from a systems of actors collaborating, communicating and learning. Agribusiness and Innovation Platform Systems Analysis for CSA (Incl. GIS/RS) Digital Agri. & Youth (incl. M&E) Markets Institutions Nutrition & Diversity (incl. impact assessment)
  3. Agribusiness and Innovation Platform Systems Analysis for CSA (Incl. GIS/RS) Digital Agri. & Youth (incl. M&E) Markets Institutions Nutrition & Diversity (incl. impact assessment) IRS: 1 / SMG 3 IRS 3/ SMG 3 /PDF 3/VS 2 SMG 3 IRS 5/SPS 1/SMG3 LRS/NRS 11 LRS 16 LRS 5 LRS/NRS 14 Consultants: 13-20 Consultants 3-5 Consultants 5-7 Students 10+ Students 10+ Students 10+ Honorary Fellows 3 Honorary Fellows 2 CIRAD/IRD CIM Experts 1 Consultants/LRS to manage Walmart project Theme Lead/Senior Scientist (Farming Systems) (HQ) PDF (RA) 3 (HQ) PDF (RA) 1 (HQ) Development Economist (Nairobi) CIM Experts - Behavioural /VC Economist) (Nairobi and Lilongwe) PDF Value chain Economist (HQ) Strategic Hires Strategic exchange: Prof. Sieg Snapp MSU/CSIRO/CIRAD/IRD/UniAdelaide
  4. ICRISAT Mandate & Regional Programs WCA ESA SA Genetic Gains Innovation Systems in the Drylands • Social Sciences • Nutrition and agri-food systems • Gender and equity • Economics (foresight, ag econ, behavioural, institutional) • Systems Science • Modelling (crop, household, value chain) • Crop physiology and trait identification • Innovation • Digital Ag • M&E • Incubation ISD, as a cross-cutting global program, aims to build core expertise and be fully meshed with the regional programs to support innovation esp. in: CRP – 40% of income • CCAFS • GLDC • WLE • PIM • A4NH
  5. Global public goods (not just analysis!) ISD Research in Africa and Asia Better suited technologies, seeds and ecosystem management Improved access to mainstream and alternative markets, agri-business incubation and trade Catalyse agri-food system transitions Resilient cross-border collaboration for resource sustainability, prosperity and peace Tools We analyse risks and opportunities for leverage points to intervene in complex and dynamic food systems. Rules We use scientific evidence to influence policies affecting producers, retainers and consumers. Agency We build the capacity and skills of women and men for scaling beneficial food system outcomes
  6. Systems Analysis for CSA 1. Climate Risk Management and adaptation 2. Spatial Analytics (GIS/Remote Sensing) 3. Crop Physiology, crop model development and high throughput phenotyping (Dr Sunita Choudhary –HQ Dr Myriam Adam WCA)
  7. 7
  8. Climate Analysis – Exposure Index Mandal wise climate exposure index for baseline climate Mandal wise climate exposure index for Mid-century RCP 8.5
  9. Tracking adoption of Chickpea: Andhra Pradesh Gumma et al., 2016. Int’l Journal of Remote Sensing. 37(8):1955-1972. Districts 2012-13 2000-01 2005-06 2012-13 Anantapur 34,777 51,304 84,493 YSR (Kadapa) 30,343 69,258 117,903 Kurnool 68,113 140,511 196,793 Prakasam 35,129 128,288 159,524 1,62,362 ha 3,89361 ha 5,58,713 ha
  10. Tracking legume crops: Malawi Gumma et al., 2019. Monitoring changes in the cultivation of pigeonpea and groundnut in Malawi using time series satellite imagery and its relationship to export and import dynamics. (Prep).
  11. Sorghum modelling in West Africa Data needs and recent applications to set priorities for guiding agronomic and genetic interventions Myriam ADAM- GPM ICRISAT 5 Feb 2019
  12. High-throughput phenotyping for crop improvement LeasyScan o 32 trials in 4 years =255 experiments o 10 different crops o Several collaborations: public & private; national & international partners LeasyField 2800 tubes of 1.2 m × 20 cm diameter 1700 tubes of 2.0 m × 25 cm diameter 4800 Micro-plots 4500 Cylinders
  13. Component Traits of Adaptations Key traits we explore: • Canopy dynamics • Early vigor • Water-saving traits (transpiration rate under high/low VPD environments; critical for SAT crops) • Water uptake across crop cycle, TE, biomass, grain yield Hi-throughput phenotyping platform (LeasyScan) Lysimetric facility (LeasyField) Grain Yield Grain Number  Biomass RADN TE T RUE Rint vpd kl LAISLNRoots k  A >A Grain Size & N
  14. IIT-H & University of Tokyo team Crop-imaging by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to accelerate high-throughput phenotyping for crop improvement UAV equipped with multispectral/ hyperspectral RGB sensors Images captured are processed and analysed for various agronomic traits: phenology, plant count, canopy coverage Entered in the scope of EiB across CG centres for ensuring quality imaging and robust data processing by experts Aerial view of sorghum density trial UAV capturing images over sorghum field Work in collaboration with IIT, Hyderabad
  15. Digital Agriculture and Youth Agri-Tech is already driving innovation in India • Information delivery (downscaled market, weather, farming system, soil management) as specific advisories direct to farmers on smart phones or tablets • Risk management intelligence on markets, weather, banking or insurance • Business intelligence through harnessing dashboards to monitor implementation
  16. Agri-entrepreneurship can : Attract youth to agriculture Foster entrepreneurial spirit and accelerate increases in rural incomes Our Innovation - Incubation and research in Digital Ag ICRISAT ihub launched on February 13, 2017 to accelerate opportunities for agri-preneurs in India and beyond ICRISAT’s digital agriculture innovation platform
  17. KALGUDI Intello Labs TITSC
  18. Plantix Keansa KheytiNext Smallholder Farmer FPOs Constellation of FPOs Formal and informal network of agriculture Plantix Plant protection app for farmers Keansa FPO management solutions KheytiNext Network of FPOs solution Kalgudi Linkedin for farmers, FPOs, traders, input companies Kalgudi ihub Startups  USAID case study and BDP commissioned Accenture review: ‘a radical new way of provisioning and researching Digital Agriculture’
  19. Plan for 2019 – 21 (Asia) • ICTs for managing climate risk • Drones for Agriculture (surveying and crop health monitoring) • MEASURE for IDC projects and Walmart • Digital Learning platforms/tools for farmers MOOCs courses for farmers • ICT based market linkages and platforms - digitization and linkages of FPOs in AP (SERP, WALMART) • Crop Insurance • AI, ML, Big Data and strategic initiatives in Agriculture • Scaling up the plantix app in collaboration with PEAT Gmbh • Blockchain in agriculture –pilots with ELEVEN01 and KhethiNext • IOT based smart farm at ICRISAT
  20. Plan for 2019 – 21 (Africa) • Continuing support of MEASURE for M&E and Digital Seed Catalogue and Roadmap tools • Accelerated Value Chain Development (AVCD) • MEASURE platform deployment and usage for M&E • Digital interventions across AVCD value chains • Accelerated Varietal Improvement and Seed Systems for Africa (AVISSA) • MEASURE platform deployment and usage for M&E • Digital Seed Catalog and Roadmap improvements • Work on new proposals in WCA (MANOBI etc) • ESA Hub on the lines of ihub
  21. Agribusiness and Innovation Platform (AIP) • Launched in 2003, AIP works towards technology commercialization and agri-entrepreneurship development through PPP models • 100+ agribusiness start-ups incubated/facilitated investment • Handholding of >35 research institutions in India and African NARS for setting up ABIs in those institutions • Facilitated commercialization • 331 agro-technologies/1218 agribusiness ventures • Developed expertise in food product development, food safety, processing targeting SAT crops. Vision: Enhancing agricultural development through entrepreneurship, innovation and partnerships
  22. Increasing Incubation of Start-ups in India Focus more towards technology-enabled start-up solutions • Farm service/Food processing/Agri-biotech Major capacity building programs & activities • Agribusiness Start-up Programs • Domain linked training programs • Expansion of incubator ecosystem • CSR partnerships for scaling-up Major events • Annual Hackathon and Accelerator programs • B2B events with industry, FPOs • Mentoring and Investor camps Current start-up portfolio of ABI-ICRISAT
  23. Increasing Nutrition Work to Support New Healthy Products around our Mandate 1. Development of nutritious food products and creating “demand pull” 2. Implementing analytical methods to substantiate health/functional claims 3. Establish and promote standards for millet based food products 4. Capacity building of entrepreneurs/SHGs - local production, marketing of affordable, safe and nutritious foods 5. Undertake nutritional intervention studies among rural and tribal communities Energy Dense Peanut Spread Jowar meal Multigrain meal
  24. Increasing Focus on Incubation in SSA 1. Strengthen local food processing sector through FPBIC and FTL platforms supported by AIP-ICRISAT 2. Capacity building programs under IAFS series: • Entrepreneurship and business incubation • Food product development, food processing business, food safety and standards etc. 3. Incubation • Target SME opportunities for local youth and women • Value-chain specific ABIs to promote technology-enabled agtech start-ups 4. Facilitate scaling-up of Indian agtech start-ups to Africa
  25. Documenting Incubation Process & Impact • Papers on ICRISAT’s agribusiness entrepreneurship promotion from 2016 • Best practices in agribusiness incubation domain • Benchmarking performance reports (ex: UBI Global Survey 2019) • Case studies on scaling-up strategies adopted by incubated agtech start-ups
  26. The MIND theme houses the social sciences at ICRISAT. With a specific emphasis on collective behaviour, the group analyses changes of agri- food system and their effects on environmental sustainability, social resilience, human nutrition and health.
  27. Production economics Value chain development Behavioural economics Institutional psychology Governance Public health Nutrition Transitions Gender relations Markets DiversityInstitutions Nutrition Food baskets, balance sheets Ethnicity, women and youth Trajectories, foresight analysis New social contracts  Ex ante/ex post impact assessments  Dietary behaviour change analysis  Social network and food flow analysis  Bio-economic modelling and scenario planning  Designs for multi-stakeholder engagements  Institutional analysis and policy formulation Methods In-house Services Social science data management VDSA Panel Data *CRP Focal points Nutrition/Gender Coordination Academy Science training Capacity building Outreach MIND organises research under the four sub-themes and two academic service functions. * Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), and the and the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) , and Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (GLDC)
  28. o this category, projects must be both sustainable, in ent of natural resources in the region, and engaged in to increase agricultural productivity and economic ch system when and where it is best suited. , pilot projects will be selected which currently support lture in the region. ICRISAT, working in close ganisations and a wide range of partners in the EAC elp to identify scalable agricultural water management Figure: 1 Study area. Scaling water-efficient agriculture in the Lake Victoria Basin (2019 – 2022) Project Document Advancing WFaS East Africa: Aim: Improve the resilience of land and water resources, and in turn the health of ecosystems and human wellbeing in the Lake Victoria Basin (45 million concerned people). How: Foresight water security in rained / irrigated ecologies + identify scalable water management approaches + model impact + provide advise to Council of Ministers of East African Community.
  29. Dietary behaviour change in high-density settlements in urban areas in East and Southern Africa (2018 – 2019) Aim: Develop nutrition-sensitive value chains through dietary behaviour change of consumers in urban high-density settlements (Kenya, Malawi, Zimbabwe) How (first phase): Identify determinants of dietary behaviour + develop affordable food baskets + scale dietary shifts among low-income producers.
  30. Integration of diversity and nutrition issues Examples include: • Nutri-Food Basket study with AIP • Research on tribal issues with AIP • Nutrition messaging with Digital Agriculture • Dynamics of urban sprawl - Hyderabad With other research programs: • Peanut value chain study in Bangladesh • Understanding gender norms in watershed
  31. Cereal – Legume - Livestock Intensification and Market Integration Nkayi Baseline Fertilize Crops & feed residues to livestock ………… Cereal Legume Livestock & Markets Crop GM $ 22 $ 225 $ 263 Livestock GM $ 188 $ 462 $ 1,051 Net Cash Income $ 88 $ 362 $ 930 CVof HEI 25% 18% 14% Efficiency metrics HEI/mm Rain $0.62/mm $1.15/mm $2.05 HEI/Labor $1/day $1.86/day $5.67/day HEI/ha $113/ha $208/ha $317/ha
  32. Capacity Building https://www.icrisat.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/July-Month-Happenings-1760.pdf https://www.icrisat.org/boosting-confidence-in-farm-innovations-simulating-impact-with-systems-modelling-tools/ • Training Workshops for 20 Enumerators from 10 KVKs • Data collection-20 FGDs, 500 Households in 4 states Data Collection Integrating systems modelling tools enabling informed decisions for upscaling climate smart agriculture Further Research Outputs- Identifying Low Emissions Development Pathways – Synergies and Trade-offs Trade- offs Synergies Trade- offs Mitigatio n Mitigatio n Profitabilit y Profitabilit y https://www.scienceforum2018.org/sites/default/files /2018-09/SF18_low_emissions_pathways_india_0.pdf
  33. Innovation Systems for the Drylands Agribusiness and Innovation Platform Systems Analysis for CSA (Incl. GIS/RS) Digital Agri. & Youth (incl. M&E) Markets Institutions Nutrition & Diversity (incl. impact assessment)
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