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Germplasm assembly

  1. Sept 2012 Germplasm Assembly Germplasm assembled by Introducing already collected germplasm from various sources ™™ 293 organizations/donors from 75 countries have contributed 82,630 accessions Exploration and collection in priority areas ™™ ICRISAT with its partners launched 216 germplasm collecting missions in 62 countries and collected 33,371 accessions From center’s own research as genetic stocks ™™ Twelve disciplines of ICRISAT have contributed 4,005 accessions. Scientists of ICRISAT and NBPGR, India, collecting chickpea germplasm. Collecting a seed sample and related information from a farmer’s store in Mali. Collecting a sample from a local market in Dhamar, Yemen. In search of wild relatives in India. Examining imported groundnut germplasm. Plant Quarantine ™™ Germplasm from outside India should be accompanied by an Import Permit issued by the Director, NBPGR, New Delhi, India and a Phytosanitory Certificate issued by quarantine authorities of country in which germplasm was collected or introduced from. ™™ NBPGR Regional Station at Hyderabad, India, conducts seed health tests and surveillance for new pests and diseases, before releasing healthy plant material to ICRISAT. Regionwise germplasm assembled at ICRISAT genebank. Institute Farmer’s field Local markets Farm stores Threshing floors Wild Backyards 1% Frequency of sample sources in germplasm assembled at ICRISAT genebank Biological status of entire germplasm assembled at ICRISAT genebank Biological status of mandate crops germplasm assembled at ICRISAT genebank. Identification of gaps in collections ™™ Identification of gaps is essential to assess the completeness of germplasm collections. ™™ Gaps in the collections can be identified using GIS software like FloraMap, Diva GIS and ArcGIS. Geographical gaps identified (in color) in pearl millet germplasm from (a) WCA countries, (b) ESA countries c d Geographical gaps identified (in color) in pearl millet germplasm from (c) India and (d) Pakistan. Future ™™ Introduction and collection of germplasm to fill geographical and ecological gaps in collections. ™™ Collecting germplasm of wild relatives to fill taxonomic gaps. ™™ Collecting trait-specific germplasm. Collecting a pearl millet sample in farmer’s field in India. Africa Asia Americas Europe Oceania Unknown 2064 1726 286 Total accessions: 1,20,006 48,763 58,113 9054 2% 2% 2% 0.01% 65% 28% a b Collaboration for germplasm assembly ™™ ICRISAT genebank collaborates with national and international institutes, NARS, universities and NGOs in different countries. ™™ Collaboration with NBPGR, India, is for germplasm collection, evaluation, and strengthening of plant quarantine facilities at ICRISAT. Mandate crops germplasm assembled at ICRISAT genebank. No.ofaccessions (Values in parentheses are no. of countries) 40,000 Sorghum 37,949 (92) 22,211 (50) 20,267 (60) 13,771 (74) 15,446 (92) 10,362 (50) Pearl millet Chickpea Pigeonpea Groundnut Small millets 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Landraces Others Wild relativesBreeding material Improved cultivars 95731 17935 1507 2026 2807 No.ofaccessions 90000 100000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0
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