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Similar to Development and piloting a comprehensive framework for assessment of sustainability of smallholders farming systems : By Dr Shalander Kumar Presented during ICAR Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram on 13 February 2020.(20)

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Development and piloting a comprehensive framework for assessment of sustainability of smallholders farming systems : By Dr Shalander Kumar Presented during ICAR Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram on 13 February 2020.

  1. Development and piloting a comprehensive framework for assessment of sustainability of smallholders farming systems Shalander Kumar Presented during ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram on 13 February 2020
  2. Context Sustainable intensification is at the forefront of food security discussions as a means to meet the growing demand for agricultural production while conserving land and other resources. Next steps require identification of indicators and associated metrics for farming systems sustainability assessment, to track progress, assess tradeoffs and identify synergies.
  3. Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability SUSTAINABILITY PLANET PROFIT PEOPLE
  4. Sustainable Agriculture Development Natural Resources Natural Resources Ecosystem Services Climate Plants Animals Water Soil • Natural resources, are fundamental for the structure and function of agricultural systems and for social and environmental sustainability, in support of life on earth. • Historically, global agricultural development has been narrowly focused on increased productivity rather than on a more holistic integration of NRM [Natural Resource Management] with food and nutritional security. • A holistic, or systems-oriented approach, can address the difficult issues associated with the complexity of food and other production systems in different ecologies, locations and cultures. • Resolution of natural resource challenges will demand new and creative approaches by stakeholders with diverse backgrounds, skills and priorities. Capabilities for working together at multiple scales and across different social and physical environments must be developed.
  5. Measuring sustainability of farming systems in SAT Overall Sustainability (5 Domains) Environmental Sustainability Domain Economic Sustainability Domain Productivity Domain Social Sustainability Domain Human Well-being Domain
  6. Key questions PLANET PROFITPLANET  What sustainability goals are targeted ?  How are they ranked, aggregated or compared in terms of trade-offs ?  What are the missing indicators ?  What are the boundaries of the system assessed between the farming system and the household ?
  7. 1. Primary household/ farming system level data 2. Secondary data  Capturing the trends which could be considered as permissible.  The level of use of modern inputs should not be seen in relative term only. Need to define an absolute/ threshold value for chemical use etc.  Need to consider the indirect positive impact of certain commodities in dry regions for example small ruminants to replace that otherwise  Need to visualize that if we consider a practice less sustainable: do we have an economically viable alternative or visualize that it could be possible that if the existing practice is discouraged, the farmers might adopt far more unsustainable practice. Type of data required
  8. Measuring sustainability of farming systems Domain 1 (e.g. Social) Theme 1 Indicator 1 Tool/unit of measurement Indictor 2 Tool/unit of measurement Indicator 3 Tool for measurement Indicator 4 Tool for measurement Indicator 5 Tool for measurement Theme 2 Indicators Theme 3 Indicators Theme 4 Indicators Theme 5 Indicators Sustainability index for a farming systems An example in SAT, India
  9. Measuring sustainability of farming systems: Quantification framework Environmental Sustainability Domain Economic Sustainability Domain Productivity Domain Social Sustainability Domain Human Well-being Domain 15 Sub-themes 13 Sub-themes 8 Sub-themes 8 Sub-themes 7 Sub-themes 34 Indicators 29 Indicators 12 Indicators 25 Indicators 15 Indicators Overall Sustainability index Sum(115 Indicators X weight)
  10. Cropping intensity Soil quality Water sources Water Quality CropdiversityIndex Shareofareaunderperennialhorticultureandagro-forestry Extentoflivestockintegration:high,medium,low Natureoflivestock(Extremelyextensivesystem/semi- intensive/highlyintensive) Numberofcropsraisedfromthesamefieldduringoneagricultural year In-situmoistureconservation-ridgeandfurrow,conservation furrow,broadbed&furrow,etc Maintainingpermanentsoilcoverthroughmulchingorcovercrop- Full,partial,nocover Normal,alkaline/saline,acidicsoils SourcesofIrrigation(Rainfed/Pipelines/bore-wells/pondsetc) Phlevel(Salty/acidicsoil–1Moderatesoil-2Normalorgoodsoil –3) Cropchoiceinrelationtowateravailability:Lowwaterrequiring (LWR)crops;mediumWR,highWRcrops Irrigationtechniqueused-Flooded/sprinkler/dripAlternatedryand wetmethod/skiprow Storageavailability-Waterstoredthroughfarmpondsforirrigation, etc Rateofgroundwaterdepletion/year Anyuntreateddomestic/processedwaterdischargedinthenearby naturalwaterbody Nooflivestockspeciesmaintained Farm’sannualandperennialcropdiversity Changeinamountandpatternofprecipitation.Climatevariability: Frequencyofdrought/floodconditionsinpast5years(1.33) SufficiencyofRainfall(normalrainfall) AmountofCO2emissions–fossilfuelconsumptionandenergy neededforinputproduction Recyclingofresources AmountofCH4andN2Oemissions(methodoffertilizeruse& paddycultivationandlivestockmanagementpractices) Shareoffossilfuel/animaldrivenmachinery Usageofrenewableandnon-renewableenergy UseofinorganicfertilizerslikeNPK,Ureaetc Managementandmethodoffertilizerapplication Croprotationifpracticedornot Levelofsoilerosiononfarmasinfluencedbytopographyand practices Frequencyandamountofpesticides,Insecticidesusedpercrop cycle Protectionusedwhileapplyingfertilizersandpesticides Biodegradableandnon-biodegradablewastesegregatedornot, methodofwastedisposalused Surplusresidueanddungconvertedintomanureornot(1.33) Methodofwastedisposal(dumpedanywhereorburnt) Disposalofthechemicalcontainers Climate Change Greenhouse gas emissions Energy utilization Fertilizer application andfrequency Erosion Waste segregationand disposal Species availabilityLanduse pattern Conservation Water use efficiency Pollution/ overexploitation Environmentalsustainability Land Water Biodiversity Climate , Air andEnergyUtilization Soil andwaste management Criteria and indicators- An example of environmental sustainability
  11. Assessing Farming System Sustainability- A case study in West Africa • Newly holistic set of criteria and indicators combined complementary approaches:  Thematic domains of sustainable intensification: productivity, economic, human well-being, environmental and social sustainability  Solution-oriented mechanisms: subsidiary linkages, self-organizing capacities for system resilience  Resources criticality: criticality of FS resources, level of supply risks, critical farm design options  Farmers perceptions and prioritizations  Participatory Multi Criteria Assessment of FS sustainability versus interventions and farm types  Considered Interventions: improved seeds, legume-cereal associations (individual and combined)  Farm types: main typologies empirically identified and tested Science-aid multi-stakeholder plenary meeting Farmers’ perception and ranking of indicators’ importance/ criticality Applied for participatory sustainability assessment for FS typologies
  12. Measuring sustainability of farming systems: A case study in Nalgonda district, Telangana, India 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 Environment (20) Economic (20) Social (20)Productivity (20) Human wellbeing (20) Farm Type 1 Farm Type 2 Farm Type 3 44.39 42.19 46.84 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 100.00 Farm Type 1 Farm Type 2 Farm Type 3 Performance of different farm types across sustainability domains Overall sustainability index score of different farm types (maximum score=100)
  13. Impact assessment 0 2 4 6 8 10 Productivity Economic EnvironmentSocial Human Baseline Co-Design Constraints Entry points Systems modelling Trade-off analysis
  14. 0 2 4 6 8 10 Productivity Economic EnvironmentSocial Human Baseline re-design1 Impact assessment Co-Design Trade-off Systems modelling Trade-off analysis Assess impact across scales and dimensions in relation to farm HHs
  15. Impact assessment Co-Design Systems modelling Trade-off analysis 0 2 4 6 8 10 Productivity Economic EnvironmentSocial Human Baseline re-design1 re-design2 Assess impact across scales and dimensions in relation to farm HHs
  16. Measuring sustainability Index: Online automated dashboard How to collect the information
  17. Thank You for your attention 17
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