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Determining transpiration efficiency of bmr sorghum genotypes for progressive drought tolerance
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Determining transpiration efficiency of bmr sorghum genotypes for progressive drought tolerance

  1. Feb 2017 Determining transpiration efficiency of bmr sorghum genotypes for progressive drought tolerance Romana K Kirandeep1 , Kunapareddy Anil1 , Gupta Rajeev1 , Are Ashok Kumar1 * 1 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India About ICRISAT: www.icrisat.org ICRISAT’s scientific information: http://EXPLOREit.icrisat.org E-mail: A.AshokKumar@cgiar.org Introduction • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) has been considered as a multipurpose crop serving the needs of developing countries such as food, feed, fodder and as feedstock for biofuel production • Brown midrib mutants (bmr) sorghum with reduced lignin content can be used as feedstocks in 2G biofuel production. Methodology A glass house experiment with 14 bmr genotypes in CRD with 10 replications was conducted in complete randomized design (CRD) to screen the mid-season drought tolerance. • Stress was imposed by withholding water from 28th day after germination to 60th day after germination by sealing the pots with plastic sheets and beads. • Two sets of plants were maintained as well watered (controls) and water stressed. • Before imposing the stress, one plant from each pot was harvested for pre dry down biomass. • After the stress period, the plants were harvested and the most tolerant lines were identified based on their response to various physiological parameters. Results • N 593 had the highest transpiration efficiency in water-stressed condi­tions, whereas N 592 had the highest in well-watered condi­tions • The lowest transpiration efficiency was observed in N 597 under water stressed treatment. However, for well watered treatments the lowest was observed in N 596 (Table & Fig.) References Matthews, RB, Reddy, DM, Rani, AU, Azam-Ali, SN and Peacock, JM. (1990). Response of four sorghum lines to mid-season drought. I. Growth, water use and yield. Field Crops Res. 25, 279–296. Kholová J, Hash CT, Kakkera A, Kočová M and Vadez V. (2010) Constitutive water-conserving mechanisms are correlated with the terminal drought tolerance of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Journal of Experimental Botany. 61:369–377. Vadez V, Deshpande SP, Kholova J, Hammer GL, Borrell AK, Talwar HS and Hash CT. (2011). Stay–green quantitative trait loci's effects on water extraction, transpiration efficiency and seed yield depend on recipient parent background. Funct. Plant Biol. 38, 553–566. Table: Means of various parameters for Progressive Drought Stress in bmr sorghum S. No Traits Plant height (cm) Fresh Biomass (S+L) (g) SPAD Dry Biomass (S+L) (g) Specific leaf area (cm2/g) TE (g/kg) WW WS WW WS WW WS WW WS WW WS WW WS Atlas (NSL 3986) 76.6 80.9 65.1 82.9 35 37.6 21 20.1 208.7 308 4.4 8.2 Atlas bmr-12 87.9 70.5 78.1 82.7 34.8 37.8 27.4 14.7 187 417 8.1 8.2 Early hegari sart 78.7 65.6 74.5 86.9 35.2 33.3 30.8 18.6 254.4 322 5.7 6.8 IS 18542 64.5 58.9 61.7 91.7 35.7 31.6 26.1 15.6 181 200.4 6.5 8.6 Kanas collier 79.6 67.8 85.7 89.1 36.4 34.1 28.6 17.2 143.5 355.4 4.3 9.7 N 592 81.9 67.4 72.9 109.3 35.5 33.2 29.3 14.8 236.3 287.2 9.3 8.6 N 593 62.3 84.1 48.9 89.3 31.2 32.5 25.1 9.5 302.6 242.1 10 8.4 N 594 90.4 83.3 88.1 82.9 34.2 38 30.1 16.5 239 286.4 2.9 8.9 N 595 63.3 78.7 82.1 70.9 27.9 32.1 31.3 12.6 172.3 169.5 9.5 5.6 N 596 71.7 70.5 70.3 79.5 33.1 29.2 30 14.4 275.4 195.5 11.5 8.3 N 597 84 86.8 46.9 71.8 38.1 40.4 13.1 15.4 176.6 172.5 7.5 8.1 N 598 102.9 91.2 49.3 82.7 33.7 35.9 20.4 9.9 312.9 144.5 2.7 6.2 R-16 (Check) 55.1 68.9 70.1 83.9 27 29.6 34.6 10.6 248.9 272.7 4.9 6.4 Rox orrange 77.1 73.2 87.9 90.7 31.3 33.4 31.8 11.7 150 133.5 5.7 5.3 Mean 76.9 74.8 70.1 85.3 33.5 34.2 27.1 14.4 220.6 250.5 6.6 7.7 Abstract Food and energy security are fundamental to the economic de­velopment of nations and considering environmental issues, bi­omass-based energy is a promising option in India through lin­go-cellulosic (2G) biofuel production. High biomass sorghum is a promising feedstock for 2G biofuels production. However, higher lignin content of the biomass and water-deficit stress are major issues in enhancing biomass sorghum based biofuels production. In sorghum, brown midrib (bmr) mutants with re­duced lignin content were developed. A glass house study on 14 bmr sorghum helped to identify genotypes with more wa­ter-holding capacity to adapt well in drought conditions. The bmr genotypes used here showed reduced lignin content vis-à-vis white midrib sorghums. Thus, the identified lines with low-lignin, high biomass and higher water holding capacity can be used as feedstocks in 2G Biofuels production after appropriate testing in target environments. Fig: Transpiration efficiency in bmr sorghum lines. Conclusion The bmr genotypes showed reduced lignin content vis-à-vis white midrib sorghums. Thus, the identified lines with low-lignin, high biomass and higher water holding capacity can be used as feedstocks in 2G Biofuels production after appropriate testing in target environments.
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