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Tackling abiotic production constraints in pearl millet and sorghum-based agricultural systems of the West African Sahel

  1. Tackling abiotic production constraints in pearl millet and sorghum-based agricultural systems of the West African Sahel Final Project Meeting Niamey, 23-55 March 2014 Introduction, Objectives, Program, Overview of Activities Bettina Haussmann University of Hohenheim Stuttgart, Germany Tom Hash ICRISAT Sahelian Center Niamey, Niger
  2. Introduction of partners & participants • Institut d'Economie Rurale (IER), Mali: Sorghum, Pearl Millet • Institut National de l’Environnement et Recherche Agricole (INERA), Burkina Faso: Pearl Millet • Institut National de Recherches Agronomiques du Niger (INRAN), Niger: Sorghum • Institut Sénégalais de Recherche Agricole (ISRA), Sénégal: Sorghum, Pearl Millet • University of Kassel (UKW), Witzenhausen, Germany: Plant nutrition • University of Hohenheim (UH), Stuttgart, Germany: Molecular Markers, Soil Science • ICRISAT-Niger, -Mali, and -India: Sorghum, Pearl Millet, molecular markers, physiology • Farmer Organizations in the four countries CNRA- Bambey
  3. Conclusion Heiko K. Parzies 1959 - 2011
  4. Objectives of this workshop • Critically Review Y1-Y3 + NCE • Learn! • Plan publications & final report to assure that all promised project outputs are achieved
  5. Proposed Workshop Program Suggestions re workshop program? • Progress of activities by project objectives – Pearl millet field trials by country – Sorghum field trials by country – Low-P adaptation mechanisms – Interaction of drought with P deficiency – Genetics of low-P adaptation – Additional management options for low-P conditions – On-farm testing highlights • Outcomes & perspectives – Products – populations, data, facilities, & improved capacity – Planning of publications & Final Report – Project evaluation
  6. Aims of this project Overall Goal: Enhance pearl millet & sorghum productivity under rainfed conditions in the West African Sahel By Integrating - cereal breeding research, - crop physiology, - plant nutrition, and - agronomic research Understand Effects and Interactions of low soil P and recurrent drought spells Develop and test options to overcome these constraints in farmer’s fields
  7. Expected Outputs 1. Genetic Variation among West African pearl millet and sorghum varieties characterized, major mechanisms for adaptation to low-P soils understood, and promising germplasm identified 2. Knowledge generated about interaction between P deficiency and water stress in pearl millet and sorghum and potential indirect screening methods assessed 3. Initial molecular markers for tolerance to low soil P identified in pearl millet and sorghum 4. New management options tested that enhance cereal performance under soil P deficiency and water stress 5. New cereal cultivars and crop management options validated through farmer experimentation in target environment conditions
  8. Activities - Output 1: Genetic variation and mechanisms of adaptation to low-P • Act. 1.1. Determine quantitative-genetic parameters of Sahelian pearl millet and sorghum landraces and breeding materials for low-P tolerance under field conditions • Act. 1.2: Characterize contrasting materials for component traits of low-P tolerance (pot trials and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizza (VAM) studies) • Act. 1.3 Hands-on training of partners on the phenotyping of tolerance to low-P conditions • Act. 1.4. Evaluation of recurrent selection progress in promising pearl millet populations
  9. Activities - Output 2: Interaction between low-P & water stress • Act. 2.1 Establish the lysimeter screening facility at ICRISAT-Niger • Act. 2.2. Establish a lysimeter-based phenotyping methodology • Act. 2.3. Compare transpiration efficiency in pearl millet and sorghum germplasm under various conditions of P fertilization • Act. 2.4. Assess water uptake patterns under various conditions of P fertility
  10. Activities - Output 3: Molecular markers for low-P tolerance • Act. 3.1. Pearl millet association study • Act. 3.2. Sorghum association study
  11. Activities - Output 4: New management options • Act. 4.1 Develop and test new seed coating techniques to enhance early seedling establishment • Act. 4.2. Develop and test methodologies for artificial mycorrhizza infestation • Act. 4.3. Develop a procedure for on-farm processing of different WA rock phosphates • Act. 4.4. Test the effects of above technologies on productivity increase under low-P and water stress
  12. Activities - Output 5: On-farm validation • Act. 5.1. Evaluate in a farmer-participatory manner genotype × management inter- actions to identify most responsive treat- ment combinations that are adoptable and appreciated by farmers Dissemination of results • Project web page • Publications, posters, flyers, rural radio • Demonstration trials / on-farm experimentation • Performance & marker data produced will enter data base
  13. Originally proposed activity time line
  14. ICRISAT is a member of the CGIAR Consortium Fofo! Merci! Shukra! Thank you! Danke schön! Dryland Cereals
  15. Data sharing and intellectual property • Quote MoU: "The partners agree to share with ICRISAT all data generated as part of the project activities. The information will be made available by ICRISAT to all partners and, ultimately, to the global community as per BMZ/GTZ requirements."
  16. Publication rules • Quote MoU: "All publication of results will be made only after approval by all parties concerned and with appropriate recognition of each one's contributions. Drafts of all publications will be circulated prior to submission." • All publications must acknowledge the donor, using the following phrase: “Funded by GIZ on behalf of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany”. • Please assure documentation of all PR activities!!!
  17. Rationale Low soil P and unpredictable drought stress are major overlapping crop production constraints in the Sahel Foundation for effective and sustained development of new farmer-preferred cultivars and crop management techniques, beyond fertilizer micro-dosing Increased cereal productivity and food security in the unfavourable and risky Sahelian belt of West Africa Understanding the relative importance of these abiotic stresses and their interaction as well as mechanisms of adaptation
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