Carbon accounting
and energy planning in
Glasgow
Graham Pinfield
Glasgow City Council
STEP UP Project

TOPICS
 Background (UK, Scotland and Glasgow context)
 Why account for CO2?
 Glasgow CO2 emissions and targets
 Sustainable Energy Action Plans
 Learning from STEP UP cities
 Challenges and opportunities in carbon and GHG
accounting

Background
 UK targets
 Scotland targets for CO2, GHG, renewable energy, heat, others
 Climate Change Reduction Commitment
 CoM cities commitment
 Glasgow targets
 Carbon accounting
 City wide CO2 emissions - DECC
 Local authority buildings - CRC
 Carbon emissions and relation with other datasets
 Fuel poverty
 Health

End-user carbon dioxide emissions by
region and sector (2012)
SOURCE: Local authority carbon dioxide emissions estimates 2012 ,
DECC,

Per capita end-user carbon dioxide emissions
by region and sector (2012)
SOURCE: Local authority carbon dioxide emissions estimates 2012 , DECC,

Renewable Electricity Capacity Installed (MW)
Scotland, 2000-2012
SOURCE: 2020 Routemap For Renewable Energy In Scotland – Update 2013
 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Business-Industry/Energy/RoutemapUpdate2013

Why account for CO2?
 EU2020 targets
 Energy and Carbon Masterplan
 Covenant of Mayors
 Resilient, sustainable and smart city
 Improve peoples lives
 Reduce fuel poverty
 Create resilience cities
 Develop of low carbon economy

Sustainable Energy Action Plans
8
• Sustainable Energy Action Plan
• 2008 EC formed the Covenant of
Mayors
• Main focus: supporting 20% CO2
emissions reduction by 2020
• SEAP planning guidelines
published in 2010. Updates in 2014
• 4,866 signatory cities
• 2,964 SEAPS currently with CoM
1,494 Accepted

Glasgow
Sustainable Energy Action Plan
Overall Strategy
CO2 target
Vision
Staff capacity
Budget
Financing
Baseline Emissions Inventory
-Inventory year
-Emissions factor (IPCC
or LCA)
-Emissions reporting units
(CO2 or CO2e)
-Energy consumption
-Energy supply
-CO2 emissions
Action Plan
- Key actions by sector
- Energy savings/sector
- CO2 savings/sector
- Stakeholders
- Cost / timeframe
Monitoring Plan
-Review of strategy
-Monitoring emissions
inventory
-Results of emissions
inventory
-Review of Key Actions
-Annual monitoring

Covenant of Mayors SEAP process

Baseline Emissions Inventory
CO2

Glasgow’s carbon accounting
CITY WIDE
•DECC data
• Energy consumption for LA (city wide)
•CO2 emissions for LA 2012
LOCAL
AUTHORITY
• Energy consumption and CO2 emissions for Council state (GCC and ALEO’S)
•Carbon Management Plan
•Carbon Reduction Commitment 2014
Energy
model
• Buildings only (no Transport sector)
•Residential and Non-Residential 2013
•Gas and electricity consumption (different uses, heating, lighting, cooking)
Glasgow CO2 emissions and energy consumption

Glasgow city wide carbon emissions by
sector 2006 - 2012
2,000
1,800
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Industry and Commercial Total
(ktCO2/year)
Domestic Total (ktCO2/year)
Transport Total (ktCO2/year)

Glasgow Energy consumption by source
2006 and trends up to 2020
16,500
14,500
12,500
10,500
8,500
6,500
4,500
2,500
GWh
Total (GWh/year)
Gas (GWh/year)
Electricity (GWh/year)
Petroleum (GWh/year)
Log. (Total (GWh/year))
Log. (Gas (GWh/year))
Log. (Electricity (GWh/year))
Log. (Petroleum (GWh/year))

Glasgow Carbon Emissions from 2006
and projections for 2020
5,000
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
CO2 (kilo tonnes)
Carbon emissions for Glasgow 206 - 2012 and projections for 2020
(a) TOTAL Glasgow City kt CO2/year
(b1) SEAP target kt CO2/year
(b2) SEAP target kt CO2/year
(c1 ) BAU ktCO2/year
(c2) BAU ktCO2/year
Population ('000s, mid-year estimate)
Log. ((a) TOTAL Glasgow City kt CO2/year)

Energy consumption in Residential sector by ward

Carbon accounting in STEP UP
cities
Riga
• Top down
approach
• Technical
Plan
• SEAP 2014
Ghent
• Bottom up
approach
• Grass root
Plan
• Climate
Action Plan
(SEAP 2014)
Gothenburg
• Mixed
approach
• Local
authority
driven
• In process of
developing
SEAP
Glasgow
- Mixed approach
- Developing the
Energy and Carbon
Masterplan (SEAP
2014)

Challenges and opportunities
CHALLENGES for CO2
accounting
 UK Energy market: privatise energy,
limited availability of consumption data.
 Reliance in DECC data.
 Challenges in building sector (domestic
and non-domestic)
 Challenges in transport sector (privatised)

OPPORTUNITIES
 Developing an energy model (buildings)
 Develop an updated Baseline Emissions Inventory
 Creation of ESCO’s and local energy companies
 Cross sector opportunities
 Area based approach
 Work in partnership with other Local Authorities
 Glasgow Clyde and Valley
 Scottish Cities Alliance
 More holistic approach when accounting CO2:
 Account Green House Gases (GHG)
 Improve methodology using Life Cycle Assessment
(LCA)

“End on a quote”
Graham Pinfield:
graham.pinfield@glasgow.gov.uk
Glasgow City Council
http://www.stepupsmartcities.eu
www.glasgow.gov.uk