1. Technology Innovation Management
Framework for Industrial Research
Part-4
Dr. Iain Sanders
January 2005

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. Ideal Design Tool
Platform 1:
(Stages II, Part 5)

6. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
What Resources can Help?
 Analytic and Knowledge-based Tools (Examples)
 Ideal Design (Analytic Tool): The gap between the current design and
the ideal system should be reduced to zero. The ideal system provides
the desired function without existing. The model becomes a goal to
attain, shattering many traditional images of the most efficient system.
In other words, function is ideally performed by already existing
resources. The concept of the ideal design should be consciously
included during any innovation process. Ideality is defined as the sum
of a system’s useful functions divided by the sum of its undesired
effects. Stating the ideal final result and backing away from it as little
as possible offers a different technical challenge than the one offered
by the technical contradiction matrix.
6

7. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
All Useful Functions
Ideality =
All Harmful Functions
 All systems evolve toward increasing Ideality
 Ideal System: Function is done without existing
 Near Ideal solutions often utilize existing resources
7

8. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
RESOURCES
 Financial
 Human
 Business assets
 Technical
8

9. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
RESOURCES
 Financial  Investment
 Human  Cash reserve
 Business assets  Loans
 Technical
 Barter
 Other
9

10. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
RESOURCES
 Financial  People you know - your
 Human network
 Business assets  Allies
 Technical  Experts (inside and
outside your company)
 Test and implementation
helpers
10

11. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
RESOURCES
 Financial
 Equipment
 Human
 Facilities
 Business assets
 Technical
 Inventory
 Information - Intellectual
property
11

12. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
RESOURCES
 Financial
 Substances
 Human
 Business assets
 Fields
 Technical  Space
 Time
 Information
 Functions
12

13. W H A T IS ID EA LIT Y?
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Ideality
All Useful Functions
= All Harmful Functions
The ideal system performs a required function
without actually existing. The function is often
performed using existing resources. ALL
systems evolve in this direction over time by
resolving contradictions.
13

14. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CHAMBER DESTRUCTION PROBLEM
Container
Acid
Specimen
14

15. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CHAMBER DESTRUCTION PROBLEM
Acid
Specimen
15

16. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CHAMBER DESTRUCTION PROBLEM
Acid
Specimen/
Container
16

17. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
LET’S LOOK AT WHAT WE DID
 Eliminated what was not functional (the chamber was not really
necessary)
 Used the resources of the system at hand (more later on this topic)
 Used geometric effects as resources
 Used physical effects
 fluidity of acid
 gravity
17

18. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
EXAMPLES OF ERGONOMIC AND
HUMAN FACTOR IDEALITY
 The machine recognizes the user and instructs
and/or orients automatically
 The pedal adjusts automatically to the user
18

19. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
HOW DO WE GET TO IDEALITY?
 TRIZ provides two general approaches for achieving
close-to-ideal solutions (that is, solutions which do
not increase system complexity):
 Use of resources
 Use of physical, chemical, geometrical and other effects
(remember the Waissenberg effect?)
- 19

20. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
WHAT’S A RESOURCE FROM A
TRIZ PERSPECTIVE?
 A resource:
 is any substance (including waste) available in the system or
its environment
 has the functional and technological ability to jointly perform
additional functions
 is an energy reserve, free time, unoccupied space,
information, etc.
20

21. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
RESOURCES -- WIRE EXAMPLE
Copper Wire
Problem Zone
Voltage &
Current Air
HANDOUT
21

22. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE RESOURCES
Copper
Contaminates
Type
Amount
Diameter
Length
Shape of wire
Wire Amount
Form of excitation signal
Current (A/C)
Voltage Frequency
Amount
Air Form of excitation signal
(A/C)
Frequency
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon
Temperature, Pressure,
Velocity, Speed
22

23. DERIVATIVE RESOURCES
-- WIRE EXAMPLE
PLATFORM 1: II (5) Copper
Contaminates
Type
Amount Resistance
Diameter
Length Magnetic Field
Shape of wire
Wire Amount
Form of excitation signal
Current (A/C)
Voltage Frequency Oxidation
Amount
Air Form of excitation signal Moisture
(A/C)
Frequency CO/CO2
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen Cooling/Heat
Carbon Dissipation
Temperature
Pressure, Velocity, Speed
23

24. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
RESOURCE CHECKLIST
 Substances
 Fields
 Space
 Time
 Information
 Functional
24

25. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
SYSTEM RESOURCES
 When a system’s resources are depleted, it will
probably be replaced
 Tracking system resources is a good way to
predict when a system may be replaced,
challenged, or significantly modified
 Sometimes it’s a matter of just seeing the
resource, other times it’s a matter of figuring out
how to use it (ex: field and information
generation, Navy example)
25

26. PILL INSPECTION WORKSTATION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Vibratory feed move pills around an internal spiral to top of vibratory bowl where
the pills are discharged and slide down an incline plane onto a conveyor. As the
pills go by, the inspectors identify and remove the damaged pills.
Damaged Pills
Conveyor
Trash Can
26

27. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
GOOD PILLS/BAD PILLS
 What is IDEALITY?
 What are the RESOURCES we have?
27

28. PILL INSPECTION WORKSTATION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Vibratory feed move pills around an internal spiral to top of vibratory bowl where
the pills are discharged and slide down an incline plane onto a conveyor. As the
pills go by, the inspectors identify and remove the damaged pills.
Damaged Pills
Conveyor
Trash Can
28

29. AN ELEGANT SOLUTION--
THE PILL INSPECT ITSELF
Change the escapement for the vibratory bowl so that the pills are ejected
standing on their edge. Move the conveyor 3 inches. Pills that are round will
roll at a velocity that allows them to jump to the conveyor. The pills that are
chipped will slide or will roll at a lower velocity and fall into the trash.
Resource:
Velocity of the sliding or rolling pills
Function (inspection of pills) is
performed without the system
(human inspectors or video
inspection system).
Trash Can
PLATFORM 1: II (5) 29

30. Su-Field Analysis Tool
Platform 1:
(Stages II, Part 5)

31. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
What Resources can Help?
 Analytic and Knowledge-based Tools (Examples)
 Su-Field Analysis (Analytic Tool): Substance-field analysis is an
analytic tool for modeling problems related to existing technological
systems. Every system is created to perform some functions. The
desired function is the output from an object or substance (S1), caused
by another object (S2) with the help of some means (type of energy,
F). Substances are objects of any level of complexity. They can be
single items or complex systems. The action or mans of accomplishing
the action is called a field. Su-field analysis provides a fast, simple
model to use for considering different ideas drawn from the knowledge
base.
31

32. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
The Substance-Field (Su-field)
Model
 Substance-Field (Su-field) Analysis is a TRIZ analytical tool
for modeling problems related to existing technological
systems.
 Every system is created to perform some functions. The
desired function is the output from an object or substance
(S1), caused by another object (S2) with the help of some
means (types of energy, F).
 The general term, substance has been used in the classical
TRIZ literature to refer to some object.
 Substances are objects of any level of complexity. They can
be single items or complex systems. The action or means of
accomplishing the action is called a field.
 Su-field Analysis provides a fast, simple model to use for
considering different ideas drawn from the knowledge base.
32

33. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
The Substance-Field (Su-field)
Model
 The simplest useful system is composed of three
elements - the two substances and the field:
33

34. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
The Substance-Field (Su-field)
Model
 Model of an incomplete useful system
 Model of the simplest system having a harmful action
34

35. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
The Substance-Field (Su-field)
Model
 This analysis is used to zoom in on the zone of interest.
 However, the analysis can be applied to system as well as
component levels of abstraction. This is often at the
interface between the two substances.
 For complex systems there is a Su-field Model for all the
zones of interest.
 Two substances and a field are necessary and sufficient to
define a working technical system.
 The formation of this trilogy can be found in the early work
of the mathematician Ouspensky
 The triangle is the smallest building block for trigonometry,
as well as for technology.
35

36. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
The Substance-Field (Su-field)
Model
 There are four basic models:
1. Effective complete system.
2. Incomplete system (requires completion or a new system).
3. Ineffective complete system (requires improvement to create the
desired effect).
4. Harmful complete system (requires elimination of the negative
effect).
 If there is a problem with an existing system and any of the
three elements are missing, Su-field Analysis indicates
where the model requires completion and offers directions
for innovative thinking.
 If there is an innovative problem and the system has the
three required elements, Su-field Analysis can suggest
ways to modify the system for better performance. This is
particularly true if radical changes in the design are
possible.
36

37. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
The Substance-Field (Su-field)
Model
 There are four steps to follow in making the Su-
field Model:
1. Identify the elements. The field is either acting upon both
substances or is within substance 2 as a system.
2. Construct the model. After completing these two steps, stop
to evaluate the completeness and effectiveness of the
system. If some element is missing, try to identify what it is.
3. Consider solutions from the 76 Standard Solutions.
4. Develop a concept to support the solution.
 In following Steps 3 and 4, activity shifts to other
knowledge-based tools.
37

38. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
76 Standard Solutions
 The “76 Standard Solutions” of TRIZ were compiled by G.S. Altshuller and
his associates between 1975 and 1985. They are grouped into 5 large
categories as follows:
3. Improving the system with no or little change: 13 standard solutions
5. Improving the system by changing the system: 23 standard solutions
7. System transitions: 6 standard solutions
9. Detection and measurement: 17 standard solutions
11. Strategies for simplification and improvement: 17 standard solutions
Total: 76 standard
solutions 38

39. Patterns of Evolution Tool
Platform 1:
(Stages II, Part 5)

40. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
What Resources can Help?
 Analytic and Knowledge-based Tools (Examples)
 Patterns of Evolution (Knowledge-based Tool): If the goal is to gain
a competitive advantage with a new design that is a quantum leap
improvement over the current product offering, then the knowledge
contained in the patterns of technological evolution is the most
effective tool. The patterns are generic enough that they are also
valuable in non-technical applications. Common themes of product /
technology evolution provide a window into the future of other
products. By identifying the current position of today’s product design
within an evolutionary pattern, it is possible to predict future designs
along this pattern. By understanding the eight fundamental patterns of
evolution it is possible to design tomorrow’s products today.
40

41. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
How can Products / Processes
be Improved?
 Technology Evolution
 Identify the most appropriate level of invention / innovation to
focus research effort, and direct the research effort to achieve
this.
41

42. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Stages of Evolution
 Level 1: Regular
 Level 2: Improvement
 Level 3: Invention Within Paradigm
 Level 4: Breakthrough Outside Paradigm
 Level 5: Discovery
42

43. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
L1: Regular
 Definition
 Level 1 includes routine design problems solved, after a few dozen attempts, by
methods well known within the specialty or within a company. Approximately 32%
of the solutions occurred at this Level (based on patents reviewed between 1956
and 1969). Such solutions represent most recurrence & small changes of the
earlier known prototype without its essential variations. Usually patents at the first
Level are solved by trading off one subsystem (element, operation, etc.) for
something else (as most engineers traditionally do)
 Example
 The ability to change the size of lead shoes for divers by adjusting their length was
developed. (It is interesting that this development did not occur until the 1960s,
some 70 years after the invention of divers' shoes; for 70 years all divers used
uncomfortable shoes of the same size)
43

44. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
L2: Improvement
 Definition
 Development of an existing technique (approximately 45% of the solutions; a few
hundred attempts). The earlier known prototype is changed qualitatively but not
substantially, usually due to application of uncommon methods from the same
engineering field as the technique with some additional knowledge from the
inventor's specialization and/or some creative effort. Level 2 solutions offer small
improvements to an existing technique by reducing a contradiction inherent in the
technique but requiring an obvious compromise; such solutions require knowledge
of only a single engineering field. The existing technique is slightly changed,
including new features that lead to definite improvements
 Example
 Welding two different metals together (such as copper & aluminium) can present a
challenge. One useful technique is to use a spacer made of a metal that can be
welded to each of the incompatible metals
44

45. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
L3: Invention Within Paradigm
 Definition
 Essential improvement & radical change of the earlier prototype utilizing the
methods or knowledge from other disciplines, sometimes far from the major
engineering field or industry of the technique (approximately 18% of the solutions;
dozens of thousands of attempts). The changes are considerable & result in a new
quality. Level 3 inventions significantly improve existing techniques, often through
the introduction of an entirely new subsystem that usually is not widely known
within the industry of the inventive problem. Novelty exists here from: (a) removal
of false restrictions or resolution of contradictions; (b) Expansion of the sphere of
application of the prototype; and (c) Inclusion of the prototype as part of a whole -
association of the prototype with similar or alternative systems. The solution
causes a paradigm shift within the engineering field. Level 3 innovation lies
outside an industry's range of accepted ideas & principles
 Example
 Cattle feed consists of various cut grasses which must be mixed by special
equipment. Producing the grass mixture by sowing the various grasses together
yields a crop that is difficult to till. Furthermore, one grass species may inhibit the
others. The grasses can be sown in parallel strips & then harvested across the
strips. Thus, the grasses are mixed in the receiving bin of the mower
45

46. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
L4: Breakthrough Outside Paradigm
 Definition
 Radical change of the prototype. A new idea that has practically nothing in
common with the prototype. Creating a new technique generation, the solution
usually cannot be obtained in engineering but rather can be found in science
(approximately 4% of the solutions; several hundred thousand attempts). Novelty
exists here from replacement of a technique that carried out the primary function of
the prototype. Level 4 solutions are breakthroughs, lie outside a normal paradigm
of the engineering field, and involve use of a completely different principle for the
primary function. In Level 4 solutions, the contradiction is eliminated because its
existence is impossible within the new system. That is, Level 4 breakthroughs use
physical or other effects that have previously been little known engineering
 Example
 An electromechanical relay element has a finite number of switching cycles.
Substituting a cheap semiconductor relay element increases the number of
switching cycles & decreases the switching time & weight of the device
46

47. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
L5: Discovery
 Definition
 Pioneer invention of a radically new technique is usually based on a major
discovery in some basic or new science (less than 1% of the solutions; millions of
attempts) or recognition of a new need. Principally a new idea arises because of a
change of the primary of the prototype & an occurrence of new subsystems for
realization of the new function that include and/or substitute the old primary
function. Level 5 solutions exist outside the confines of a contemporary scientific
knowledge & usually stand between science & engineering. These discoveries
require a lifetime of dedication. They occur when a new effect or phenomenon is
discovered & afterward applied to an inventive problem
 Examples - OUTSTANDING HUMAN ACHIEVEMENTS
 Alphabet & ability to record information (magnetic, optical, writing)
 Artificial intelligence, Artificial limbs
 Cinema, DNA, Electronic computer
 Gyroscope, Laser, Lens (microscope, telescope)
 SCUBA, Superconductors, Wheel
47

48. PA TT ERN S O F EVO LU TIO N O F
TEC H N IC A L SYST EMS
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
1. Stages of Evolution
2. Evolution Toward Increased Ideality
3. Non-Uniform Development of Systems Elements
4. Evolution Toward Increased Dynamism and
Controllability
5. Increased Complexity then Simplification (Reduction)
6. Evolution with Matching and Mismatching Components
7. Evolution Toward Micro-level and Increased Use of
Fields
8. Evolution Toward Decreased Human Involvement
48

49. N O N -U N IFO RM D EVELO PMEN T
O F SYST EM ELEMEN TS
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
• Each system component has its own S-curve
• Different components usually evolve according
to their own schedule (airplane)
• Different system components reach their
inherent limits at different times, resulting in
contradictions (think about the auto!)
• The component that reaches its limit first is
“holding back” the overall system
• Elimination of contradictions allows the system
to continue to improve
49

50. 1. TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
EVOLVE AND ARE REPLACED
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Winning System -- this system cannot be
used to predict the next generation
υ
β
Competing
α
Systems
A α‘ Possible
Β Competing or
Time
Towing System
Influences
New Generation -- the prediction of this is made
as a result of the study of all technology
50

51. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
WHAT THIS MEANS..
 “S” curves exist
 System replacement can be a surprise
 Frequently, the curve ends when a system runs
out of resources OR when an unresolvable
contradiction is faced
Note: Altshuller recognized this DECADES before
others saw this
51

52. 1. TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
EVOLVE AND ARE REPLACED
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Winning System -- this system cannot be
used to predict the next generation
υ
β
Competing
α
Systems
A α‘ Possible
Β Competing or
Time
Towing System
Influences
New Generation -- the prediction of this is made
as a result of the study of all technology
52

53. S-CURVE ANALYSIS
1 3
Level of Inventions
Time Time
Number of Inventions 4 Profitability of Inventions
2
Time Time
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
53

54. 2. EVOLUTION
TOWARD
INCREASED
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
IDEALITY
• Every system performs functions which generate
useful effects and harmful effects
• The general direction for system improvement
maximizes the ratio of ideality
• We strive to improve the level of ideality as we
create and choose inventive solutions
All Useful Functions
=
IDEALITY
All Harmful Functions
54

55. SYSTEMS EVOLVE
TOWARD IDEALITY...
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
 Through the use of readily available resources
 Through the use of derived resources
 Resources able to perform additional functions
55

56. 3. NON-UNIFORM
DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM
ELEMENTS
• Each system component has its own S-curve
• Different components usually evolve according to
their own schedule (airplane)
• Different system components reach their inherent
limits at different times, resulting in
contradictions (think about the auto!)
• The component that reaches its limit first is
“holding back” the overall system
• Elimination of contradictions allows the system to
continue to improve
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
56

57. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Inventions drive new ideas - as
they resolve contradictions, they
allow a system to evolve to solve
the “next” contradiction
57

58. WHEN WERE THESE TECHNOLOGIES
DEVELOPED?
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
 Aircraft with 12 wings
 Helicopter
 Combustion engine
 Jet engine
 Propellers
 Gyroscopic auto-pilot
58

59. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
USING CONTRADICTIONS
PROACTIVELY
 The contradiction table and separation principles
are used to resolve contradictions
 To identify the next breakthrough area, identify the
current contradiction
 But be careful to look at both your system and
competitive systems!
59

60. 4. EVOLUTION TOWARD
INCREASED DYNAMICS AND
CONTROL
Transition to Multifunctional Performance Increasing system
System with dynamism allows
System with
Non-Dynamic Changeable functions to be
Variable
System Elements performed with
Components
greater flexibility
or variety
Increasing Degrees of Freedom
System Changeable System Changeable
at the Mechanical at the Micro-Level:
Non-Dynamic
Level: with a Hinge, Phase Transformations,
System
Hinge Mechanism, Chemical
Flexible Materials, etc. Transformations, etc.
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
60

61. THE LINE OF SEGMENTATION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Field
Vacuum
Plasma
Gas, aerosol
Liquid, foam
Paste, gel
Loose Body
Set of Plates
Monolith
61

62. To Increase Dynamicity Consider
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
 Provide more than one stable state
 Bi-stable membrane
 Over center clamp
 Make a fixed component movable
 Make parts movable relative to each other
 Hinge
 Flexible materials as links
 Introduce a mobile object
62

63. 5. INCREASED
COMPLEXITY AND THEN
SIMPLIFICATION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
• Technological systems tend to develop first
toward increased complexity (i.e., increased
quantity and quality of systems functions), and
then toward simplification (where the same or
better performance is provided by a less complex
system). This may be accomplished by
transforming the system into a bi- or poly-system,
as shown here in two of the lines of evolution
related to this pattern.
Mono-system Bi-system Improved (Simplified) Mono-system
Mono-system Poly-system Improved (Simplified) Mono-system
63

64. 6. EVOLUTION WITH
MATCHING AND
MISMATCHING ELEMENTS
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
• System elements are matched or mismatched to improve
performance or to compensate for undesired effects. A
typical evolution might be:
• Unmatched elements
• Matched elements
• Mismatched elements
• Dynamic matching and mismatching
• Example: Automobile suspension system development
• Springs attached between wheels and body
• Shock absorber and spring tuned to damp out impact forces
• Semi-rigid rubber isolation mounting between body and shock
• Active suspension system automatically adjusts to road
conditions
64

65. 7. EVOLUTION TOWARD THE
MICROLEVEL AND INCREASED USE OF
FIELDS
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
• Technological systems tend to transition from
macro systems to micro systems. During this
transition, different types of energy fields are
used to achieve better performance or control
• Example: Cooking oven development
• Large cast iron wood stove
• Smaller stove fired by natural gas
• Electrically-heated oven
• Microwave oven
Macro- Poly-system from Poly-system from Use of Use of Use of Use of
Level parts with simple small particles Material Chemical Atomic Energy
shapes (balls, rods, (powder, etc.) Structure Processes Level Fields
sheets, etc.)
65

66. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
THE TRANSITION
MeThChEM
(Mechanical, Thermal, Chemical, Electronic, Magnetic,
Electromagnetic)
Ex: Polymer Processing,
Photography
66

67. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
EXAMPLES
 Toothbrushes  Tools
 Flow of electricity
 Pointing devices
 Control systems (on/off, regulates,
 Adhesives regulates vs. needs)
 Pointers  Hydraulic pressure, synchronicity,
matched frequency, away from
 House construction resonant frequencies
 Telephone  Sunglasses, compensating bi-
 Automobile steering, other systems
systems  A/C systems
 Computer interfaces
 Functional connections
 Writing instruments
 Software development
 Polymer processing
67

68. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
WHAT WOULD THE “NEXT” FIELD BE IN
YOUR SYSTEM? COULD YOU USE IT? DO
YOU UNDERSTAND IT?
68

69. 8. EVOLUTION TOWARD
DECREASED HUMAN
INVOLVEMENT
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
• Systems develop to perform tedious
functions that free people to do more
intellectual work
• Example: Clothes washing
• Tub and washboard
• Ringer washing machine
• Automatic washing machine
• Automatic washing machine with automatic
dispensing of bleach and fabric softener
• REMEMBER THE NEW MACHINE AND PILL???
69

70. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
HOW AND WHEN TO USE
LINES OF EVOLUTION
 Next generation product development
 Patent filings (expand and get around)
 Consumer research
 Forecasting
 “Back-filling” opportunities
70

71. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
MULTIPLE LINE ANALYSIS
 PIE CHART LINES OF EVOLUTION
71

72. Evolutionary Potential
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
‘Evolutionary Limit’
of component relative
to predicted evolution
trends
Current evolutionary
position of component
for a given trend
(Each spoke in the evolutionary potential radar plot
represents one of the known technology trends identified
by TRIZ researchers)
72

73. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
NINE BOX DIAGRAM
POST SUPER-SYSTEM PRESENT
/ PRESENT
SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM
73

74. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
APPLICATIONS IN INNOVATION
 Input to strategic planning, technology
acquisition, and
 Extension of patented concepts to generate
additional royalty income
 Broaden patent claims to hinder competitors
 Get around competitive patents
74

75. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
APPLICATIONS IN BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT
 Strategic planning in acquisitions and product
development
 Personnel planning
 New business development and licensing
75

76. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
LINKING WITH CPS, BRAINSTORMING,
LATERAL THINKING
 CPS/Brainstorming/Lateral Thinking™
 Use of “uninhibited” thinking, or selected random words
 Use resource and ideality thinking
 Use 40 principles in random order
 Use separation principles in reverse to stimulate new
concepts
 Use reverse TRIZ and Lines of Evolution concepts as stimulus
76

77. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
THE SIX HATS™ PROCESS
 Problem solving process is divided into segments
where everyone must do the same “type” of thinking
at the same time
 Each person wears the same “hat” at the same time
to minimize negative aspects of arguments, etc.
 One of the most widely used innovation processes in
the world--easy to learn and effective for simple to
moderately complicated problems
77

78. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
THE SIX HATS
 Blue---meeting process, thinking process
 White---information that is needed
 Green---propose ideas, free thinking
 Black---what is wrong with this idea
 Yellow---what is good about this idea
 Red---emotional, “gut” feel about idea
78

79. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
DEFICIENCY IN THE PROCESS
 Stimulus for ideation is still limited by the
expertise in the room
 Weak, informal problem definition step
 “Selected” random words used for stimulation
(Lateral Thinking™)
79

80. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
WHEN AND HOW TO COMBINE
TRIZ WITH THIS PROCESS
 White/information hat:
 Have we identified all the contradictions?
 A problem definition diagram, such as the Problem
Formulator™
 Green/ideation hat:
 Use of contradiction table, software examples
 Black/problem hat:
 Use reverse TRIZ technique
 Yellow/Good hat:
 Use ideality thinking and lines of evolution to improve ideas
 Blue hat:
 Use Problem Formulator™ to diagram the meeting and
ideation process
80

81. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
FRONT LOAD THE PROCESS
 “The worst sin of all is to do an excellent job at
that which should not have been done at all”
 NY Times, anonymous
 “We never have time to do it right, but we always
have time (and money!) to do it over”
 Anonymous
81

82. INCREASED COMPLEXITY AND
THEN SIMPLIFICATION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
• Eyeglasses and sunglasses
• Tires
Mono-system Poly-system Improved (Simplified) Mono-system
82

83. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
THE TRANSITION
MeThChEM
(Mechanical, Thermal, Chemical, Electronic, Magnetic, Electromagnetic)
Ex: Polymer Processing
Toothbrushes
83

84. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
PROBLEM FORMULATION
 Graphically defines the problem
 Creates a nearly exhaustive list of ways to solve or
at least improve the situation
 Links to database of previously solved problems
and patents
84

85. CHEMICAL PRODUCTION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
A B
+ = + = + =
Undesired mix Desired mix Undesired mix
85

86. Chemical Production:
Problem Formulator Diagram
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
86

87. Chemical Production: REFINED Problem
Statements for a Selected Box
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
1. Change the undesired action of [the] (Drops of
liquid A meet).
2. Consider easy and timely detection of the action of [the]
(Drops of liquid A meet) or its undesired results.
3. Provide a counteraction to the undesired
action of [the] (Drops of liquid A meet).
4. Introduce isolation of the undesired action of [the] (Drops
of liquid A meet).
5. Exclude the source of the undesired action of [the]
(Drops of liquid A meet).
87

88. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
WORKING WITH A KNOWLEDGE BASE
88

89. Working with Knowledge Base
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
89

90. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
90

91. CHEMICAL PRODUCTION WITH
ELECTRICAL CONTROL
+ -
A B
+ + + -= + +
No undesired mix Desired mix No undesired mix
PLATFORM 1: II (5) 91

92. HOW DO WE USE THESE PRINCIPLES
TO INCREASE THE VALUE OF
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY?
Platform 1:
(Stages II, Part 5)

93. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
COFFEE CUP HOLDER
PATENT
93

94. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
94

95. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
95

96. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
96

97. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
97

98. DIRECTIONS - HARMFUL FUNCTIONS
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Stop the Stop the Reduce the
source action consequences
Develop a Make the Start a
degradable cups less recycling
foam visible program
98

99. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
99

100. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
Get the Find a Enhance the
result different results
without way of
intermediate achieving
step result
100

101. DIRECTIONS--USEFUL FUNCTION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Get the Find a Enhance the
result different results
without way of
intermediate achieving
step result
Heat or cool
MeThChEM blade
101

102. T H E SO LU T IO N SPA C E
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
m ic s
na Mechanical
y
o -D Effects &
herm Technology
T
P roblem
Chemical Effects Electrical &
& Technology Magnetic Effects
S olution & Technology
102

103. DIRECTIONS--USEFUL FUNCTION
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Get the result Find a Enhance the
without different results
intermediate way of
step achieving
Prescore result Heat or cool
base material MeThChEM blade
103

104. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
104

105. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CONTRADICTIONS
 Resolve not compromise
 Separate requirements:
 Space
 Time
105

106. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
106

107. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
SECONDARY PROBLEMS
 State as new primary problem to be solved
 Identify what is needed to solve this and monitor
patents and literature
107

108. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
SYSTEMS APPROACH
Insulating Containers: Coffee
Thermos Jug
Cup
Sleeping Bag
Molten Steel Ladle
Catalytic Converter
Paper Containers:
Plates, Bowls
Plastic Enclosures: Boxes
Rocket Nose Cone Parts Bins
Dishpans
Pipes
108

109. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
CUP OF COFFEE
Can you get the feeling of well being by an
alternative means?
109

110. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
OPERATORS / LINES OF EVOLUTION
110

111. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
OPERATORS / LINES OF EVOLUTION
111

112. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
OPERATORS / LINES OF EVOLUTION
This suggests a cup with a part that
moves. Perhaps a sleeve that is
attached to the cup but is flat against
it in shipping and storage but is
moved to give it separation from the
cup wall either manually or by
stimulus from the heat of the coffee.
112

113. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
OPERATORS / LINES OF EVOLUTION
113

114. TECHNIQUES USED:
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Problem Formulation
 Useful Functions
 Better, Different, or Without
 Harmful Functions
 Stop the source, action, or consequences
 Resolve Contradictions
114

115. TECHNIQUES USED:
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Lines of Evolution
 Forecasting Future Developments
 in patent filings
 in next generation R&D
 Discovering Past Steps
 Niche markets
 Lower tech solutions
115

116. TECHNIQUES USED:
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Overcome Roadblocks
 Address Secondary Problems
 Solve as primary problem
 Identify and watch for needed developments
116

117. TECHNIQUES USED:
PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Apply Systems Approach
 Find solutions in other industries
 Broaden claims
117

118. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
ADDITIONAL APPLICATIONS:
 Engineering problem solving
 Product/process development
 Cost reductions
 Failure analysis and prevention
 Hidden source of failures
 Predict failures before they occur
 Non-technical problem solving
118

119. PLATFORM 1: II (5)
Conclusion:
 This is a powerful problem solving methodology
 Can be applied to increase the value of intellectual
property
 Strengthen patent applications
 Circumvent competitive patents
119