Stone Installation Treatment Maintenance For Hotels & Resorts En 2012

Stone Treatment & Maintenance Proprietary and Confidential 1

Solutions for Hotels & Resorts

Contents

• Solution for Installation

• Stone Diseases

• Case Studies of Treatment

• Full Service Maintenance

• Contact Us


Solution for Installation
Category of Decorative Stone
Steps of Design
Installation

Category of Decorative Stone

• Travertine (A Sort of Limestone)
• Limestone
• Sandstone
• Granite
• Slate
• Marble
• Jade
• Artificial Stone (Ignored in this lecture)

Travertine

• Geochemistry
– A terrestrial sedimentary rock formed by the precipitation of carbonate minerals.
– A form of limestone deposited by mineral springs and no grains contained.
• Occurrence: Europe (Italy, Central Europe), U.S., Indonesia…
• Chemical properties
– Colonized by macrophytes, bryophytes, algae, cyanobacteria and other
organisms.
– Composition: SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2, MnO…

• Physical properties
– Low density.
– Super absorbent.
– Low compression strength.
– Low bending strength.
– Low hardness.
– Low gloss.
– Low wear resistance.
• Uses: Facades, wall cladding, flooring…
• Warning
– Porous and high absorption, sensitive in wetting and densely-populated area.
– Weak impact resistance, sensitive in high traffic area.

Limestone

• Geochemistry
– A sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which
are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate.
– Composed from skeletal fragments of marine organisms, coral, foraminifera, etc.
• Occurrence: Canada, USA, France, Ireland, Vietnam, China…
– Minerals calcite, aragonite, sand, etc.
– Reactive to acid solutions, e.g., acid rain, acid-based cleaning chemicals.
– Low density.
– Low hardness.
– Low gloss.
– Low wear resistance..
• Uses: Tables, internal wall cladding, flooring…
• Warning
– Acid-based cleaning chemicals may etch the surface.

Sandstone

• Geochemistry
– A sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which
are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate.
– Composed from skeletal fragments of marine organisms, coral, foraminifera, etc.
• Occurrence: Australia, India, Span, China…
– Quartz/feldspar, silicon, calcium, clay, iron, oxide, etc.
– Reactive to acid solutions, e.g., acid rain, acid-based cleaning chemicals.
– Low density.
– Low hardness.
– Low gloss.
– Low wear resistance..
• Uses: Tables, façade, internal wall cladding, flooring…
• Warning
– Can easily get rusted and corrupted. .

Granite

• Geochemistry
– Granite is a common widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock which
is granular and crystalline in texture.

• Occurrence: Australia, India, Span, China…

– Quartz, mica, feldspar.
– SiO2, Al2O3, K2O, Na2O, CaO, FeO, Fe2O3, MgO, TiO2, P2O5, MnO…

– Density from 2.65-2.75g/cm3
– Compressive strength lies above 200Mpa
– Melting temperature is 1215-1260 ℃

• Uses: Square, exterior walls, public flooring…

• Warning

Slate

• Geochemistry
– A fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an
original shale-type sedimentary rock.
– Composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism.
• Occurrence: China, Americas, Europe, etc.
– Quartz, muscovite, or illite, often along with biotite, chlorite, hematite, and less
frequently, apatite, graphite, kaolinite, magnetite, tourmaline, or zircon as well as
feldspar.
– Low density.
– Low hardness.
– Low gloss.
• Uses: Pavers, walls…

• Warning
– Weathering may cause colors getting lighter during use.

Marble

• Geochemistry
– A non-foliated metamorphic rock composed of re-crystallized carbonate
minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.
– Geologists use the term “marble” to refer to metamorphosed limestone.
• Occurrence: Italy, Ireland, US, Greece, UK, Russia,
Macedonia, Sweden, Germany, China, etc.
– Pure white marble is the result of metamorphism of a very pure (silicate-poor)
limestone or dolomite protolith.
– Many colored marble varieties are usually due to various mineral impurities such
as clay, silt, sand, iron oxides, or chert which were originally present as grains or
layers in the limestone.
– Green coloration is often due to serpentine resulting from originally high
magnesium limestone or dolostone with silica impurities.
– Need to define case by case
• Uses: Tables, internal wall cladding, flooring…
• Warning

Jade

• Geochemistry
– A metamorphic rock made up of silicate minerals.

• Occurrence: China, Guatemala, Burma, Canada, New
Zealand, North America, Neolithic Europe, and Southeast
Asia

– Calcium, magnesium-iron rich amphibole minerals

– Density from 2.9-3.4g/cm3.
– Hardness from 6.5-7.

• Uses: Decorative scenery on the wall, or the floor.

• Warning

Steps of Design

• Think of the situation

• Build up a concept of stone matching

• Cost control

• Quality control

Please do not feel hesitation to consult us!

Step 1 of Design
Think of the situation

• Exterior: Facades, square, fountain, paver…
– Geography: Inland, mountainous, or by the sea (salt fog)…
– Weather: Wet, hot, cold or a city existing big temperature difference which may
damage the exterior travertine material.
– Location: Downtown (acid rain, corrosive air, dust…), traffic…
• Interior flooring
– Traffic
– Wear & Abrasion: High heels, bottom of shoes…
– Impact of heavy articles
– Source of Pollution: Tea, oil, coffee, cola, juice…
• Interior walls, handrails, skirting…
– Possible impact
• Guestrooms/toilets
– Source of Pollution: Tea, oil, coffee, cola, juice, water, red wine…
– Easy to clean
• Swimming pool/SPA
– Water resistance
– Source of Pollution: acid/alkaline etch, grease, food, water…
• Restaurants
– Source of Pollution: Oil, wine, food, drinks, smokes…
– Impact of heavy articles

Step 2 of Design
Build up a concept of stone matching

• Decide a sort of stone for a specific area
– Safety
 Safety for the construction or specific part of a construction.
 Safety for the health of human, harmful radiation and gases of some sort of stone.
– Longevity
 Impact/ wear and abrasion/ water resistance…
 Weathering and aging
 Possible corruption during use
– Economy
– Facility: Easy to maintain
• Decide a stone brand to decorate a specific area
– Size
– Color
– Texture
– Uniformity
• Evaluate the availability
– Some brands of stone have very small output.
– Every piece in the same block looks very different.
– Exhausted reserves may lead to the replacement impossible.

Step 3 of Design
Cost control

• When choosing a product/brand of a sort of stone
– Place of origin, volume of reserves, difficulties in mining, transportation,
may extremely wave the costs.
– Stone being an art of the nature, colors, texture, and the uniformity may
decide the costs.

• When processing in the factory
– To determine how precisely the uniformity of the pieces you expect to
have, will extremely matter for the costs.
– Every chunk of raw stone is mined based on regular sizes, your particular
request on sizes will increase the wastage during cutting.
– To endure the impact and weight on the surface, you have to consider
the thickness of stone based on the wearing coefficient and impact
strength of the stone, which directly decides the costs.
– Faking the work by saving steps and using low quality material during
processing, will extremely decrease the longevity of stone. .
– Higher quality raw material, e.g., anchors, resins, adhesives, stone
sealers, will increase the costs but can extend stone’s longevity and save
maintenance costs in daily use.

Step 4 of Design
Quality control

• Specification of raw material for processing should be
included into your design.
– Low quality adhesives and fillers will cause the stone yellowing.
– Low quality iron anchors without antirust treatment will cause the stone
yellowing.
– Low quality or inappropriate stone sealer will limit stone’s resistance of
specific pollutions.
• Specification of installation should be included into your
design.
– Strict procedure.
– Strict control of procedure.
• Specification of daily maintenance should be included into
your design.
– Appropriate cleaning chemicals for daily cleaning based on the chemical
properties of the stone.
– Specification of regular surface treatment, e.g., raw material/ processing of
crystallization.
– Other maintenance and repair regulations.

Installation

• Protecting the stone
• Paving
• Grout line treatment
• Polishing
• Crystallization


Installation
Protecting the stone

• Choose a sealer based on what sort of stone it is.
– Impregnation sealer: smooth and leaktight stone suface.
– Coating sealer: rough surface (The bottom face has to be sealed
perfectly)
• Choose a sealer based on what resistance the stone will need.
– Water resistance
– Oil resistance
– Salt resistance (Seafront buildings or swimming pool)
– Acid/alkaline resistance (restaurants, bathrooms, tables)
• A hexahedron protection
– The bottom face: LONG TERM water/ acid/ alkaline resistance for the
penetration of cement mortar.
– 4 side faces: water resistance
– Top face: based on the situation
• Required duration of sealing for interior stone
– Sealing for the bottom face: >15 years.
– Sealing for the side faces: >10 years.
– Sealing for the top face: >2 years.

Installation
Paving

• Methods for paving
– Flooring
 Dry paste method
 Wet paste method
– Walling
 Wet paste method for skirting and low area.
 Dry-hanging method for high place walling.
 G.P.C. method for 30m higher buildings
– Fountain
– Swimming pool

• Problems may exist during paving
– Iron nails and anchors without antirust treatment may cause stone
yellowing and leave penetrative rust stains on the surface.
– Low quality glues may loosen stone and cause accidents and some will
cause the stone yellowing.
– Inadequate leveling and immediate use without complete solidification
will cause hollowing under the stone.

Installation
Grout line treatment

• Color
– The color or effect of the filler should be in consonance with the stone, or
– Should be a bit lighter than the stone.
– But a filler of brighter hues can make some dark-colored stone more
elegant.

• Weathering/ Aging resistance
– Sulfur dioxide and other air pollutants in the air may cause weathering and
aging of the filler in the grout lines.
– UV and temperature changing may cause the filler yellowing or darkening.
– Water may dissolve the filler and cause the grout lines nude again.
– The filler in the grout lines might be abrased and worn away during use.
– The pressure from different expansion coefficient between the stone and
the filler may cause the grout lines loose the filler.

• Longevity
– The longevity of the filler depends on the quality and the environment of
the grout lines.
– The filler in the grout lines needs to be sealed for water/oil/chemical
resistance in daily use.

Installation
Polishing

• Polishing only can be started after the adhesives under the
stone are completely solidified.
• If polishing has to be required during installation, the stone
then doesn’t need so shinning in the factory, which can save
some costs by saving some polishing steps in the factory.
• The stone and the grout lines should be sealed for water
resistance before polishing.
• The holes and cracks of travertine should be filled well before
polishing.
• Water may cause rusts and should be used cautiously for
polishing.
• Choose appropriate grinding tools according to the chemical
and physical properties of the stone.

Installation
Crystallization

• Most of stone problems are caused by wrong crystallization
procedure and low quality crystallization material.
• Choose a crystallization method based on the chemical and
physical properties of a stone.
• Wax-based emulsion may jam the vessels of the stone and
limit air exchange of the stone. Rusts may happen in marbles
and white stain may occur in granites.
• Some crystallization material is powder, which needs to be
dissolved with water before use, will cause rusts and
yellowing.
• Too frequent crystallization treatment will cause aging and
damage the structure of the stone.
• Be cautious of the PH value of the material.


Stone Diseases

Common Stone Diseases

Rusts Efflorescence Etch Aging Mold Water Stains Oil Stains Colored Stains

Travertine ★★ ★★★ ★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★

Limestone ★★★★★ ★★★ ★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★

Sandstone ★★★★★ ★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★

Granite ★★★ ★★★★★ ★ ★★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★ ★ ★★★

Slate - - - ★★ ★★★★ - ★★★ ★★★

★★★★★
Marble ★★★★★ ★ ★★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★★ ★ ★★

Jade ★★★★ - ★★★★★ - - - - ★

Tips:
“-”=no result
“★”=low frequency
“★★★★★”=high frequency

Category of Stone Diseases

• Chemical reaction • Mechanical damages
– Rusts (Yellowing) – Holes (impacted by high heels…)
– Gloss losing (Water reacts with CaCO3) – Gloss losing (Abrasion and wear)
– Etches (red wine, cup marks…) – Scratches (Abrasion and wear)

• Microbes • Man-caused stains
– Oil stains
– Mold, moss, lichens… – Colored stains (Sauce, inks, tea…)
– Yellowing (herbal packaging material…)
• Weathering/ Aging
– Gloss losing (UV fading) • Penetration
– Gloss losing (Air slaking) – Efflorescence (Liquid carbonates In the
– Powdering mortar penetrate into stone and appear
– on the surface)
Flaking off
– Dust stains (dust in the vessels)
– Cracks (expansibility on temperature.)

Stone Diseases

• Rusts (Yellowing)
• Efflorescence
• Etching
• Aging
• Mold
• Water Stains
• Oil Stains
• Colored Stains


Rusts (Yellowing)

• Causes
– The Stone wasn’t sealed or has lost the sealer’s water/chemical resistance.
– The stone has iron and other metal ingredients itself. Different oxides
appear different colors.
– Some metal tools during installation, nails, anchors, can leave penetrative
rust stains from the bottom to the surface.
– Unprofessional polishing and crystallization procedure will leave water in
the water, which reacted with metals and caused rusts.
– Empty grout lines will allow water penetrate into stone and cause rusts.
– Too much water residue on the surface during cleaning, may penetrate
into stone through low quality sealers, and cause rusts.

• Advices for treatment
– Some acid rust removers may aggravate rust stains on the surface.
– Some penetrative rust stains, as you may see from the second picture at
the right side, can’t be removed entirely. To change the part of stone is a
wise decision.
– To treat the rusted surface, wet polishing is negative before the grout lines
are filled and the surface is sealed.
– Allow the stone “breathe” and exchange vapor with the air for some time
before crystallization.

Efflorescence

• Causes
– The Stone wasn’t sealed or has lost the sealer’s water/chemical resistance.
– Natural stone has vessels which may bring the alkaline material of the
cement to the surface. And the dry white residue on the surface is called
efflorescence.
– Without immediate treatment, the first efflorescence will react with CO2,
SO2, SO3 in the air, and produce more stubborn and hard white stains.

– Unprofessional cleaners will etch the stone and leave ugly etch stains.
– Use highly penetrative efflorescence removers to dissolve the
efflorescence in the vessels.
– For the re-crystallized white stains (long term stains), use dry polishing
before cleaning.
– The grout lines and cracks need to be filled before high gloss treatment.
– Long term maintenance can enhance the performance of the first
treatment.

Etching

• Causes
– Every sort of stone has its specific ph value.
– Many ingredients in stone can easily react with many acid/alkaline
material and leave etched stains, e.g., wines, soaps, shampoo…
– Only stone professional cleaners can be used for daily cleaning.
– Stone surfaces which need to contact wine, cleaners, shampoo, etc., need
acid/alkaline resistance treatment before use.

– Precise polishing to remove etched stains.
– Infrared roasting to make the stone completely dry before sealing.
– Sealing for water/oil/chemical resistance. The stone should have the
ability to resist red wine (ph=2.5) for at least 15 minutes.

Aging

• Causes
– Flaking-off: Too much water penetrated into stone and damaged the
structure of stone.
– Powdering: Too much water penetrated into stone and dissolved stone.
– Gloss losing: UV light may cause aging. Water may dissolve the surface and
cause gloss losing. CO2, SO2, SO3 may react with the surface and cause gloss
losing. Scratching, wearing…
– Cracks: expansibility on temperature. Impact. Water.

– Roasting can accelerate water under the stone vaporization.
– Epoxy resins fillers should be weathering/ aging resistant.
– Using water during polishing may is highly negative.
– Allow the stone to breathe for a while before crystallization.

Mold

• Causes
– Stone has vessels which can store water.
– Under appropriate temperature, the stone located in murky corners may
allow mold, lichen, moss, and other plants to grow on the surface.
– Some germs and plants will release some organic acid during growing,
which will etch the stone and cause gloss losing and even flaking off.

– Only stone professional mold removing cleaners can be used on the stone.
– Rusts, water stains, and sometimes efflorescence are often coming
together with mold stains.
– Heavy duty sealing after removing and cleaning.

Water Stains

• Causes
– Granites can get water stains very easily.
– The main ingredient of water stains is a sort of gelatine or gelatin, which
consists of hygroscopic silicic acid and saline-alkali material.
– Some temporary water stains are caused by too much water in stone and
the water stains will disappear when the stone is getting drier.
– The cement adhesives contains too much alkaline.
– Too much water were used during installation.
– The stone is too porous in a wet area.
– The stone was cleaned by unprofessional acid/alkaline cleaners, which can
react with some oxides in cement and produce hygroscopic silicic acid and
saline-alkali material. This can absorb water in stone and cause water
stains.

– Heavy duty heating to accelerate water vaporization before treatment.
– Use our stone professional technology to dissolve the gelatin.
– Sealing for water and chemical resistance..
– Or use color enhancer sealer to enhance the color of stone.

Oil Stains

• Causes
– Stone in restaurants, on the square, and paver, will easily get oil stains
from food and gasoline.

– Some locally made cleaners will leave stubborn solvent stains after
removing oil stains.
– For the indoor restaurant area, please check the sealers’ MSDS to see
whether they are environment friendly and allow food contact before use.

Colored Stains

• Causes
– Tea, cola, sauce, inks, cosmetics, hair dye…may colorize the stone and
leave very deep penetrative stains.
– Coatings, adhesives…will leave surface stains.

– Identify whether it is a waterborne or solvent borne pollution source.
 Use stone professional waterborne color remover to wet the stains for
some hours to see whether it can get lighter or not.
 Try many times till the stains disappear.
 Use stone professional oil stain remover to remove solvent borne stains
finally.
– Estimate the depth of the stains in stone.
 For the deep stains, allow the cleaners to get longer time to penetrate into
stone.
– For the coatings and adhesive, we recommend you to use our stone
professional coating remover only to avoid wrong material etching the
stone.


Case Studies of Stone Treatment

Case Studies of Stone Treatment

• Rust Removal
• Efflorescence
• Etching
• Aging
• Mold
• Water Stains
• Oil Stains
• Colored Stains


Rust Removal
CS1: Sandstone wall

• Procedure
– Infrared roasting to accelerate the stone drying.
– Stone professional rust removal solution.
– Natural dry for 24 hours.
– Seal the stone for water/oil/chemical resistance.

• Customers
– Peninsula Shanghai on the Bund
– Park Hyatt Hotel Beijing

Rust Removal
CS2: Sandstone flooring

• Procedure
– Cut the aging grout lines and fill them with jade filler.
– Heavy duty dry polishing to remove the crystallization.
– Allow the stone exchange vapor with the air for a few
days.
– Non-wax crystallization to improve the hardness and
gloss.

• Customers
– InterContinental Suzhou

Rust Removal
CS3: Marble

• Procedure
gloss.

• Customers
– InterContinental Shenzhen OCT
– Hilton Shanghai Hong Qiao
– Shangri-la Shanghai Pudong
– Shangri-la Guangzhou
– Sofitel Sunrich Guangzhou
– Hyatt Regency Hangzhou West Lake
– Intercontinental Beichen
– Haining Haizhou Hotel

Efflorescence
CS1: Interior flooring

• Procedure
– Stone professional efflorescence removal solution
– Allow the stone exchange vapor with the air for a few
weeks.
gloss.
– Monthly-based maintenance to remove efflorescence
residues.

• Customers
– InterContinental Shanghai Puxi
– Westin Xiamen

Efflorescence
CS2: Exterior wall

• Procedure
– Fill the grout lines with water resistance adhesive.
– Stone professional efflorescence removal solution.
– Monthly-based maintenance to remove efflorescence
residues.

• Customers

Etching

• Procedure
– High speed polishing fitted with sponge discs to
remove the etched stains and return its natural high
gloss.
– Remove colored stains.
– Seal the stone for water/oil/acid/alkaline resistance,
esp. red wine resistance.

• Customers
– Sheraton Dongguan Hotel

Aging
CS1: Flaking-off

• Procedure
– Dry polishing to remove the aging layer.
– Remove the dust with an industrial vacuum.
– Apply hardener to strengthen the hardness of the
stone.
– Repair the flaking-off holes with stone professional
resin and allow it solidifying for 20-24 hours.
– Allow the stone exchange vapor with the air for a
few weeks.
gloss.
– Monthly-based maintenance to remove
efflorescence residues.

• Customers
– Westin Beijing Financial Street
– Westin Jinmao Beijing
– Hua Club OCT Shenzhen
– Holiday Inn Pudong Lisheng

Aging
CS2: Gloss losing

• Procedure
– Cut the aging grout lines and repair them with jade-
type filler.
– Seal the stone for water resistance before polishing.
– Heavy duty dry polishing to remove the aging layer
of stone.
few days.
gloss.

• Customers
– COACH China stores
– InterContinental Shenzhen OCT
– Hyatt Regency Hangzhou West Lake

Bottom Cavity

• Procedure
– Position some hollow points by knocking the surface.
– Drill some holes on the points.
– Insert injective valve spools.
– Inject epoxy resin to fill the under-stone space.
– Fill the holes with stone professional fillers which
have similar color and texture of the stone.
– Heavy duty polishing when the stone is steady.
– Non-wax crystallization.

• Customers
– Westin Beijing Financial Street
– InterContinental Shenzhen

Mold Removal

• Procedure
– Remove any dust on the surface.
– Stone professional mold removal solution.
– Seal the surface for water/oil/chemical resistance.

• Customers
– InterContinental Qingdao Haier

Water Stain Removal

• Procedure
– Heavy duty dry polishing to remove the
crystallization and/or wax layer on the surface.
– Measure the stain’s ph value, ph>7 means the water
stain needs to be treated by chemical methods.
Otherwise the water stain can disappear when the
stone gets dry.
– For the chemical method, use our stone professional
water stain removal solution.
– Or enhance the color of the stone.
few weeks.
gloss.

• Customers
– InterContinental Shanghai Puxi

Oil Stain Removal

• Procedure
– Remove any dust on the surface.
– Apply oil stone professional stain removal.

• Customers
– InterContinental Suzhou
– Sofitel Sunrich Guangzhou

Colored Stains
CS: Coating Removal

• Procedure
– Clean the surface before removing the coating layer.
– Stone professional coating removal solution.
– Sealing for water/oil/chemical resistance.

• Customers
– Indigo Shanghai on the Bund
– InterContinental Haier Qingdao
– Crown Plaza Anting


Our Full Service Maintenance
(FSMA)

Evaluating Your Maintenance

Q1. Does your hotel have any stone problems in specific areas?
□Lobby ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
□Guestrooms ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
□Restaurants ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
　
□SPA/Swimming Pool ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
□Square ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
□Exterior Walls ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
□Interior Walls ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
□Other, Please Specify: ○Rusts; ○Efflorescence; ○Stains; ○Cracks/Flaking-off; ○Etches; ○Aging/Gloss Losing; ○Bottom Cavity; ○Other:
Q2. How much have you spent to handle these problems?
□People Investment ○Too much; ○Very much; ○A bit; ○Very less
　 □Operational Time ○Too much; ○Very much; ○A bit; ○Very less
□Money Investment ○Too much; ○Very much; ○A bit; ○Very less
Q3. How stone problems relate to your…
　 □Brand Image ○Too much; ○Very much; ○A bit; ○Very less
　 □Guests' Satisfaction ○Too much; ○Very much; ○A bit; ○Very less
　 □Maintenance Costs ○Too much; ○Very much; ○A bit; ○Very less
Q4. Are you satisfied with the stone maintenance?
Staff's stone knowledge? ○Excellent; ○Very good; ○Fair; ○Pool; ○Bad
　
Safety of material? ○Excellent; ○Very good; ○Fair; ○Pool; ○Bad
Efficiency? ○Excellent; ○Very good; ○Fair; ○Pool; ○Bad
Cost control? ○Excellent; ○Very good; ○Fair; ○Pool; ○Bad
Q5. Are you hiring a third party supplier for the maintenance?
□Yes
　 □No
□No but plan to hire one.

The Concept of FSMA

The Full Service Maintenance Agreement (FSMA): The hotel purchases a
certain period of our full service maintenance instead of buying stone
treatment for each time to continuously maintain the cleanness, high gloss
and high hardness of stone, which degrees have been indicated in the
agreement.

•The hotel purchases a certain period of the “best looking” surface result of
stone instead of just some treatments.
•A period of regular maintenance is surely cheaper than the total amount of
per-use costs during the period.
•Irregular maintenance or surface treatment may result in huge costs during
the operation of the hotel meanwhile hurt the stone.
•Any re-installation or replacement will disturb the operation and finally
increase the sales loss.
•Any unprofessional cleaners, stone treatment material and processing will

The Model of FSMA

• Identify technical basis of the “best looking” of the stone…
– Understand the geochemistry and physical properties of the stone.
– Determine the technical basis to match the daily operation.
 Cleanness
 Gloss degree
 Hardness degree
– Determine regular maintenance schedule.

• Confirm a FSMA plan for a specific area with the hotel

• Programs
– Regular crystallization treatment to improve hardness and gloss for the
floors
 Weekly based, e.g. for the reception area in the lobby
 Monthly based, e.g. for the restaurants and most of the PA.
 Seasonal or half-year based, e.g. for the guestrooms.
– Regular problem solving and quality maintenance.
– Regular quality check and immediate treatment when the data doesn’t
match the required index in the FSMA and this treatment will not quote to
the hotel.
– Non-periodic visiting service and immediate response to the requirements
of the hotel.

Your Benefits from FSMA

• You get a guarantee slip to ensure that the stone in your hotel has the
best looking during the operation.
• The stone has longevity and you don’t have any risks to replace the stone.

• You don’t have to worry about additional fees to treat on stone problems.

• You can save a lot of sales loss by preventing occasional engineering on
the stone.
• Choosing a reliable supplier can help you save a lot more management
costs.
• You can earn a lot more than above, e.g. brand image, quality, efficiency…

Why US?

• Our expertise in stone treatment has won a broad reputation in this
industry.

• Our raw material including chemicals have safety certificates for this
industry.

• All the case studies in the presentation are 100% real.

• Most of our new clients are just recommended by our royal clients.

• Our team is a crossover combination with experts from specialty
chemicals, material science, architecture, hotel management,
engineering, etc.

Stone Installation Treatment Maintenance For Hotels & Resorts En 2012

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