New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
Mobile web design
1. Mobile web design : Part I
Beyond guidelines: Advanced accessibility techniques
When creating accessible websites, most web developers and web managers tend to follow the W3C
accessibility guidelines. And rightly so - they are the most comprehensive accessibility resource on the
Internet after all.
The W3C accessibility guidelines, or Web Content Accessibility Guidelines as they're officially known,
could go slightly further however. Fulfilling the guidelines will give you a very accessible website
(remember though, they are just guidelines so shouldn't always be taken literally). For ultimate
accessibility though, try implementing some of these techniques too:
Hidden text
Hidden text can be very useful for screen reader users. If there isn't sufficient text for these users to gain
an understanding of a particular section, then you can simply create this extra information and hide it
from sighted users.
The most common and useful page items to insert invisible text for screen reader users include:
- Headings - Every single section on each page should have a heading placed immediately before it. This
way, screen reader users always know that the preceding section has finished and a new section has
begun. So, before the main navigation begins, you should insert a heading labelled, 'Site navigation'.
Although this heading is extremely useful for screen reader users, it may look rather unsightly visually,
so you can just make the text invisible.
- Form labels - Every form item must have a label immediately preceding it - otherwise, screen reader
users won't know what the form item is about. Date of birth fields, with three separate fields for date,
month and year, are common culprits of not providing form labels for each form field. So, place the date
of birth label before the three form fields, and then insert an invisible label before each of the other two
form fields, 'Month of birth' and 'Year of birth'.
2. - Skip links - A skip link is an invisible link that's placed at the very top of the HTML file. It's a relative link
within the page, allowing users to jump straight to a section on the page, usually the main content. Skip
links are really useful for both screen reader and keyboard-only users who can jump straight to the
content, without having to work through the navigation.
Succinct, front-loaded and conventional link text
As a method of browsing through a page, screen reader users can call up a list of links on a page and
jump to the link in which they're most interested. It's common knowledge that link text should make
sense out of context, and this is indeed a W3C guideline. Link text such as 'Click here' would obviously
make no sense in a list like this. It's also crucial that link text is:
- Succinct - so that it's quick and easy for screen reader users to work through this list
- Front-loaded - so that screen users can understand the meaning of the link straightaway and jump
down to the next one if they're not interested
- Conventional - so screen reader users can alphabetise the list and jump to the link they're looking for
(e.g. if the 'Contact us' link was labelled as 'Enquiries' it would be harder to find the website's phone
number)
Link text is additionally important for users that finds it difficult to read online, such as screen magnifier
users and those with learning difficulties and dyslexia. For these users when they scan through web
pages, they'll often be unable to make out specific words - instead, they'll see shapes and colours.
Anything that's in a high contrast colour is obviously a link, so they can stop and read it.
By making link text succinct and front-loaded, and using conventional link text, it's far easier for users
that finds it difficult to read online to immediately comprehend links and what their destination is.
Visible font resizer
3. It's crucial that text is resizable for web users with poor or limited vision - or so the theory goes. In actual
fact, user testing has shown time and time again that few web users actually know how to resize text, or
that this functionality even exists.
By providing a visible font resizer all users are of course made aware that they can resize the text should
they need to. To find out how to put a font resizer on to your website, read this article about stylesheet
switching at http://www.alistapart.com/stories/alternate.
(Incidentally, if you don't know how to resize text simply select 'View > Text size' in either Internet
Explorer or Firefox; alternatively, scroll with the wheel of your mouse whilst holding down the control
key.)
Place instructions first
If you provide instructions for any kind of functionality on your site, make sure that the instructions are
placed before the functionality. This of course sounds obvious, but it's amazing how many times this rule
isn't adhered to.
Screen reader users listen to pages in the order that they're written in, so if any instructions come after
what they're relating to then that's obviously going to be too late.
Placing instructions first is also crucial for screen magnifier users. Screen magnifier users can only see a
small section of the screen at any one time, so if instructions are placed in an out-of-the-way place
they'll likely be overlooked.
Web forms are perhaps the most common type of functionality to contain instructions. Do be sure that
any instructions are placed above the form and not below it. Mis-placed instructions usually include
explaining which fields are required and error messages.
4. Large headings
Headings are crucial for all users to find what they're looking for quickly and efficiently. They are
however particularly useful for any user that finds it difficult to read online, such as screen magnifier
users and those with learning difficulties and dyslexia.
When these users scan through web pages, they'll often be unable to pick up words and instead will see
shapes and colours. By using a large font size for headings, these users will easily be able to spot these
important headings.
Focus state for links
Keyboard-only web users can navigate through web pages by tabbing from link to link (and form item to
form item). It can however sometimes be difficult to know exactly where you are on the page when
relying on the tabbing method. By assigning a background colour to the focus state of each link, it
becomes much easier for these users to orientate themselves on the page.
Large link target
Many web users with dexterity problems will use only the keyboard to browse through a website. Some
will still continue to use a mouse but with rather limited control, so wherever possible do try increase
the area of the link target. This is of course not possible for regular links, but for vertical based
navigation lists it's easy to extend the clickable area to the full width of the column by assigning the
style, display: block to each link.
Conclusion
5. The W3C accessibility guidelines are of course important, but if you want your website to be truly
accessible then there's more that you can do. Following the advice in this article is of course a great
start!
Hiring a web designer to come up with the custom solution that you need can set you back a few
thousand bucks. But you can do the whole thing yourself and make it drag and drop simple for mere
pennies with a tool like Breezy Websites. See http://breezywebsites.com for details!
Mobile web design : End of Part I
Blogging for Profit Begins With a Long Term Plan
Many people dream of blogging for profit, and this goal
is not far beyond the reach of someone with average
intelligence, a willingness to work hard, and a basic
grasp of blogging technology. However, very few
people manage to reap the profits they want from their
blog. Most people who attempt to make money with
their blogs do not succeed for two reasons. Often,
bloggers have unrealistic expectations of how fast their
readership will grow and how much money they will
make, and when these expectations are not met the
disappointment can crush the desire to continue
blogging. The other trap that many bloggers fall into
has to do with lack of planning. If you want to turn a
profit as a blogger, the key to success is to make a
6. realistic plan and stick with it.
To succeed at blogging for profit, the main thing that
you will need is a large readership. The higher your
traffic, the more advertisers will agree to pay you.
However, cultivating the regular visitors that you will
need in order to make a profit isnt easy. As more and
more blogs appear each day, having a great idea or a
wonderful writing style is no longer enough to get
attention. You need to be able to market your blog
effectively.
Too many bloggers spend all of their time writing posts
and almost no time marketing their project. To be
certain, updating as often as you can is a great way to
keep your blog high on blogrolls and high in blog
search engines like technorati, and once your readers
know that you update frequently they will return to your
site on a regular basis. However, it does not matter how
often you update if nobody is reading your page, so dont
skimp on the time that you spend drawing visitors to
your site. To make your dreams of blogging for profit a
reality, try decreasing your number of posts and using
some of that time to draw new visitors by setting up
link exchanges with other bloggers, making contacts in
7. the blog community, and following other established
modes of winning traffic.
Of course, even if you are a marketing genius or have a
really great idea for a blog, success is not going to
happen overnight. Building the kind of readership that
blogging for profit requires takes time, and in all
likelihood it will be at least several months before you
are able to turn much of a profit. Try to stay committed
to your blogging project during this initial rough period.
To stay motivated, set goals for how often you will
update and how many readers you want to attract, and
then reward yourself for sticking with your plan.
Hiring a web designer to come up with the custom solution that you need can set you back a few
thousand bucks. But you can do the whole thing yourself and make it drag and drop simple for mere
pennies with a tool like Breezy Websites. See http://breezywebsites.com for details!
Mobile web design : End of Part II
Blossom Your Site with Web Design Delhi
In web designing service provides different color combination to attract people.
Visualization is any technique for creating images, diagrams, or animations to communicate a message.
Visualization through visual imagery has been an effective way to communicate both abstract and
concrete ideas since the dawn of man. As internet is a visual and psychological medium so color
combination is very important in <a href="http://www.e-fuzion.com">Web Design Delhi</a> company
e-Fuzion, on the internet we don't deal with face to face selling. The interpretation of words, images,
8. and diagram on your website has by far the greatest impact on your visitor and thus becomes the most
communication and sales tool.
Another important factor in web designing is color combination. The background color of your website,
the color of your header, the color of your text, headlines and sub-headlines etc. can all have a
psychological impact on your visitors. Some of the common colors are given below that can invoke
emotion in people. <a href="http://www.e-fuzion.com">Web Design Delhi</a> company e-Fuzion has
become aware of the fact that overloading a website with images, irrelevant text or colors, is ineffective
and unnecessary. Using web design themes that offer calming, informative, query solving designs are in
demand. Basic colors or fonts are making a comeback. In addition, web designers use blank space in
appropriate areas in order to place a focus on a particular topic, and allow a viewer to absorb the
content without being bombarded by too much information. Have become aware of the fact that
overloading a website with images, irrelevant text or colors, is ineffective and unnecessary. Using web
design themes that offer calming, informative, query solving designs are in demand. Basic colors or fonts
are making a comeback. In addition, web designers use blank space in appropriate areas in order to
place a focus on a particular topic, and allow a viewer to absorb the content without being bombarded
by too much information.
<a href="http://www.e-fuzion.com">Web Design Delhi</a> company e-Fuzion provides different
colorful designs, which create a special stage among other web sites.
Hiring a web designer to come up with the custom solution that you need can set you back a few
thousand bucks. But you can do the whole thing yourself and make it drag and drop simple for mere
pennies with a tool like Breezy Websites. See http://breezywebsites.com for details!
Mobile web design : End of Part III