3. What is a Clause?
A clause is a group of words that contains both
and subject and verb.
There are two clauses DEPENDENT and
INDEPENDENT.
DEPENDENT clauses have a subject and verb,
but they do not make sense by themselves.
They depend on something else in order to
make sense.
INDEPENDENT clause have a subject and verb
and are complete thoughts. They can stand
alone.
5. Example Independent Clauses
We will say a prayer.
We made a bonfire on the beach.
We listened to our I-pods.
We played silly games.
6. Simple and Compound Sentences
Simple Sentence = ONE independent
clause and NO dependent clauses.
– Ex. Brandy’s favorite assignment is writing.
Compound Sentence = Two or more
independent clauses and NO dependent
clauses.
– Ex. Brandy likes to write; she loves the
challenge.
7. Complex Sentences
Complex Sentence = ONE independent
clause and one or more dependent
clauses.
– Ex. When we went fishing, I had no luck.
– Ex. The president of student council, who is
my best friend, is a true leader.
– Ex. I love the way she sings because she
sounds like an angel.
8. Kinds of Dependent Clauses
Adjective Clause = a dependent clause
used as an adjective.
It answers the questions: what kind, which
one, how many, or how much.
Adjective clauses usually start with words
such as: who, whom, whose, that, or
which.
Ex. Max is a student who likes to learn.
9. Kinds of Dependent Clauses
Adverb Clause = a dependent clause used
as an adverb.
It answers the questions: where, when,
why, how, to what extent, and under what
conditions.
Adverb clauses usually start with words
such as: before, because, or when.
Ex. Because the weather was bad, school
was cancelled.
10. Kinds of Dependent Clauses
Noun Clause – a dependent clause uses
as a noun.
It can be used as a subject, P.N., D.O.,
I.O., or O.P.
Noun clauses can start with words such
as: that, whomever, whichever, what, or
who.
Ex. Whoever is making that noise must stop!
11. Compound-Complex Sentences
A compound-complex sentence = TWO or
more independents clause and one or
more dependent clauses.
– Ex. While we were waiting, she challenged
me to a game of tic-tac-toe, and I won!