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Running Head: PRO ESSAY
PRO ESSAY
Phenomenology of Spirit by Hegel
Pro Introduction
The Phenomenology of Spirit by Hegel is considered as a most
important philosophical intuition that was published in 1807.
His work became exceptional as he provided different
philosophical grounds of consciousness as it is not completed
but constructed and transformed. He discussed various stages of
consciousness including its evolution, its journey towards
sensitivity and in the end to the absolute spirit. It could be said
that Hegel provided his arguments based on the history of
consciousness and it is like phenomenology. He added several
facts that support the world’s perception of consciousness and
consciousness perception of the world. He provided the grounds
for science as it represents the fundamental things in the world.
Hegel attempted to provide significant factors and dimensions
with all the relevant definitions and explanations. His work
contains all important elements that are based on human
experiences such as knowledge, perception, consciousness and
subjectivity, social interactions, culture, history, morality, and
religion. All these critical aspects are targeted by Hegel and he
tried to link it with the human experiences. He used the method
of phenomenology, in which he explained a philosophical
system based on the different aspects of human existence. He
used different philosophical measures to answer all questions
related to human beings and their God. Hegel used a very
difficult language that reflects new terminology in order to
provide new aspects that are not like unrealistic semantics used
by Kant. The technique used by Hegel explains that how he
wants to investigate the different opinions with contradictions.
He presented arguments that later reflected by Marx, Husserl,
and Sartre. They are the ones who investigate economic and
social history by using the dialectic of Hegel. The two stages of

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Hegel’s work include the adventures of consciousness and the
transition to self-awareness and the realization of reason,
through the spirit, religion and absolute knowledge. Hegel
presented the arguments that the human mind is unable to
understand the world objects as the Kant had an individualistic
approach towards the applications of knowledge that are not
supported by Hegel.
(a) First Premise
In the first premise, Hegel argues that there is a tension between
the individual act of knowing and the universality of concepts
related to this act. It all started with a moment called as sense-
certainty. The pulse related to it is disadvantaged by the critical
elements of universal ideas. It’s mainly an effort of mind that
holds the thing’s nature. It transforms into the second step of
consciousness as it is called perception. It means that
consciousness requires certainty with the use of perception and
awareness that leads one person towards the techniques of
thought and language.
(b) Second Premise
The second premise includes the fact that consciousness has two
directions that are completely different from each other. The
senses are the ones that tell the audience about the world and
second the categories help the vision to be true. The
differentiation between the senses and categories make a unique
sense of hesitation and frustration those results in skepticism.
The world and aspects of skepticism are mainly the suspensions
of judgment.
Possible objection to the first premise
In the first premise, Hegel argues that there is a tension between
the individual act of knowing and the universality of concepts
related to this act. It all started with a moment called as sense-
certainty. It means that the mind of an individual start making
efforts to understand the nature of an element. This pulse is
considered as disadvantaged due to the necessary and required
elements of universal concepts. It transforms into the second
step of consciousness as it is called perception. It means that

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consciousness requires certainty with the use of perception that
leads one person towards the techniques of thought and
language. There is one objection possible here that how
individual act of knowing is related to the universality of
concepts? The universality of concepts explains that there are
some universal aspects that are consistent and their availability
is consistent. These aspects are important and considered as
universal because it is associated with the universe. Oppositely,
the act of knowing is that an individual has some understanding
about anything and that could be more than the universal
aspects. The sense-certainty is associated with the aspect of
consciousness. It is related to the form of knowledge that is
immediate. Hegel explains that knowledge is not the one that
could be limited with the immediate experience. He added that
the use of any language in the world is universal, but it could
not name as particulars. Moreover, the phenomenon of
knowledge is the one that could not be immediate but the one
that can mediate. Hegel explains that the empiricism and
universals are different. In empiricism, the experience is
considered as the important one and includes the factor that it is
a source of all knowledge, whereas, the universalism linked
with the theoretical ideas of Plato’s theory. It mainly includes
realism, nominalism, and conceptualism.
Reply to the first objection
In support to the ideas of Hegel, he explained that the
individual act of knowing and the universality of concepts
related to this act have a tension. The universality of concepts is
a part of the act of knowing in human beings. It means that one
person who knows anything about something could relate it with
the universality of concepts and these could be associated with
it.
Possible objection to the first premise
The second premise includes the fact that consciousness has two
directions that are completely different from each other. The
senses are the ones that tell the audience about the world and
second the categories help the vision to be true. The

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differentiation between the senses and categories make a unique
sense of hesitation and frustration that result in skepticism. The
world and aspects of skepticism are mainly the suspensions of
judgment. It is a challenging aspect that is explained by Hegel.
Senses of the people are truly helpful that explains the world
aspects and useful to provide an understanding of the world.
However, skepticism also exists that is the result of the
differences between senses and categories. But, how the use of
skepticism leads towards the suspension of judgment? It is a
concept that contradicts the original value of skepticism. In the
process of skepticism, one person is ambiguous about other
something as it could be anything. The ambiguity leads this
person to the questioning attitude that developed due to certain
and particular reasons. For example, one person has some
ambiguity about anything and he starts questioning about it, he
has doubts in his mind. These aspects of skepticism are mostly
associated with different elements including religion,
supernatural entities, and morality aspects. These elements of
skepticism often include doubtful behavior, questioning
attitude, and ambiguities. Like one person is considered as a
skeptic if he is doubtful about some areas of his own religion.
When he is not clear about these areas, he starts questioning
about it and that generates ambiguities in his mind. Until the
person did not get answers, he will remain a skeptic until he
finally left these areas of his religion. All these aspects relate to
the suspension of judgment.
Reply to the first objection
However, the suspension of judgment is a concept that is
associated with withholding judgments. When one person has
ambiguities, questions, and doubtful behavior towards any
concept of his religion he will use the suspension of judgment.
In that method, until he did not get the answers he goes with
withholding judgments.
Theoretical observation
The provided premises from the Hegel’s work are no doubt

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completely accurate and have the applicability with true
aspects. The provided objections are the ones that are explained
with details and later defined with appropriate examples. These
all aspects are worthy and not only hold the grounds for the
philosophical grounds but also for the science elements. The
theoretical explanations by Hegel are worthy enough to consider
that his provided elements are applicable and accurate.
These are provided premises are significant and have value in
the modern world today. The use of skepticism relates to the
suspension of judgment. For example, one person does not
believe in supernatural powers and have no worthy sources to
believe in it. He will be a skeptic as he will have certain
ambiguities, questions, and doubtful behavior until he did not
find something that could convince him although he only has
some religious grounds of the availability of supernatural
powers but not enough for the person who has questions about
it. This will make the person towards the suspension of
judgment until he finally gets the answers. So, the all provided
premises including their objections and their responses, the
Hegel’s work is worthy and appropriate.
ECE203: Introduction to MATAB programming
HW2
Problem 1 [10pts]
Using the provided program record_sound.m record two
different sounds (each eight
seconds long). One of them ought to contain at least 5 words of
your choosing (a sentence). The

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other one should be a music of your choosing. You may rename
the my_sound.wav file generated
by the program after recording the first time around in order to
avoid re-writing it (so that you have
two separate wave files that you can manipulate).
Create a script file called run_sound_processing.m and start by
reading in those two wave
files into two different variables. Note that the sampling
frequency should be the same (8K
samples/sec) for both recording since you made use of the same
program to generate the wave
files. You are to replace the quite instances (instances between
words of first recording) with
segments of the second recording. As you play the end-result,
you should hear a word followed by
music, another word followed by music and so on. Note that you
don’t want to crop long segments
of music as you need to ensure that there are enough segments
to be inserted for all 5 words.
Additionally, do provide a plot where the end-result is plotted
against sample indices into
one subplot and another one where the end-result is plotted
against time in seconds. Use different

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colors to show the two recordings (e.g., red for the ones
corresponding to words and blue for the
ones corresponding to music segment). Make sure to label your
plots and assign a legend.
Do make sure to include all your files when submitting your
work (including the .wav files)
Problem 1 [5pts]
Create a program called plot_logo..m. Insert lines of code to
reproduce the figure shown
below. Hint: you can change the center of a circle by simply
adding an offset the coordinates of
its perimeter.
-1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1