Presenting is storytelling at Uni Zurich - slides (2014-03-05)
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I used these slides for a lecture I gave at the University of Zurich on the topic of Presenting is storytelling.
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Presenting is storytelling at Uni Zurich - slides (2014-03-05)
- 2. Roadmap • • www.tudorgirba.com Every talk must start with a roadmap So: • Introduction • Slides • • • • • • © Tudor Girba Template Design Audience Story More about slides Conclusion Zürich - April 23, 2013 2
- 3. Roadmap • • www.tudorgirba.com Every talk must start with a roadmap So: • Introduction • Slides • • • • • • © Tudor Girba Template Design Audience Story More about slides Conclusion Zürich - April 23, 2013 3
- 4. About this talk • • • www.tudorgirba.com I used to be extremely afraid of speaking in public • In fact, I was so afraid that I could hardly speak But, because I had to speak, I spent a bit of time thinking about it Today, I will share with you some of my reflections on how to do presentations • I am actually quite nervous to talk about it here © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 4
- 5. Roadmap • • www.tudorgirba.com Every talk must start with a roadmap So: • Introduction • Slides • • • • • © Tudor Girba Template Audience Story More slides Conclusion Zürich - April 23, 2013 5
- 6. Slides • • • • • • www.tudorgirba.com Every decent talk is accompanied by slides Text is difficult to read so, slides should not have more than 6 first level bullets The text should be no smaller than 12 pt A good slide has an engaging design Don’t just use a standard design • Show that you care Let’s see what a good template is made of ... © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 6
- 7. The template in 4 steps © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 www.tudorgirba.com 7
- 8. The template in 4 steps www.tudorgirba.com 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 7
- 9. The template in 4 steps www.tudorgirba.com 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text 2. Choose colors and style to match the corporate look © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 7
- 10. The template in 4 steps www.tudorgirba.com 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text 2. Choose colors and style to match the corporate look 3. Delimit the title zone and readjust the style © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 7
- 11. The template in 4 steps www.tudorgirba.com 1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time • Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text 2. Choose colors and style to match the corporate look 3. Delimit the title zone and readjust the style 4. Add footer • Slide number is important to let the audience know about the progress • Add your name, just in case they forgot it • Add the date and place of the presentation to show that it is customized for the situation © Tudor Girba Zürich - April 23, 2013 7
- 12. STOP
- 14. why are we here?
- 15. lecture |ˈlek ch ər| noun an educational talk to an audience
- 16. legere latin verb action of reading, that which is read
- 17. lecture |ˈlek ch ər| noun an educational talk to an audience
- 19. story = fairy tale
- 22. let me tell you a story about Paris
- 47. one message
- 51. Modeling History to Understand Software Evolution Inauguraldissertation der Philosophisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Bern vorgelegt von Tudor Gîrba von Rumänien Leiter der Arbeit: Prof. Dr. Stéphane Ducasse Prof. Dr. Oscar Nierstrasz Institut für Informatik und angewandte Mathematik
- 52. Modeling History to Understand Software Evolution Inauguraldissertation der Philosophisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Bern vorgelegt von Tudor Gîrba von Rumänien Leiter der Arbeit: Prof. Dr. Stéphane Ducasse Prof. Dr. Oscar Nierstrasz Institut für Informatik und angewandte Mathematik To provide a generic meta-model for expressing software evolution analyses, we need to recognize evolution as an explicit phenomenon and model it as a first class entity.
- 53. one message
- 54. slides
- 55. slides are visual aids
- 57. Important sign • • • • • www.tudorgirba.com At this sign, stop, look around and proceed if no other car is coming your way. Important!!!! The cars coming from the other directions will not have to stop. This sign was put here by the authorities in charge. This sign concerns vehicles only. Pedestrians should look at the signs dedicated to them. This sign should not be touched or hindered in any way. Any violation is punishable according to the law. © Tudor Girba Zurich - April 23, 2013 50
- 58. STOP
- 59. STOP
- 62. we sell fresh fish here
- 63. fresh fish here
- 64. fresh fish
- 65. fresh
- 67. fresh
- 68. for sale: baby shoes, never worn Ernest Hemingway
- 71. design is not the abundance of simplicity it is the absence of complexity
- 72. emphasizing everything IS emphasizing nothing
- 73. whitespace
- 84. y x
- 85. y x
- 86. y x
- 87. remove chart junk increase data ink
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- 100. Text and slides • • • • • www.tudorgirba.com The more text there is on a slide, the more I will tend to speak it as it is written on the slide. But, you can read a text much faster than I can speak it. In such situations, my speech becomes noise as you rather prefer to just go ahead and read it by yourself. That is the reason why slides should not have text that competes with my speech, but rather be as visual as possible to complement it. If I would read this to you, you would likely be reading this line while I would still be somewhere in the middle of the text. © Tudor Girba Zurich - April 23, 2013 91
- 101. notes will set you free
- 102. http://www.iwm-kmrc.de/workshops/visualization/sweller.pdf Text and slides • • • • • www.tudorgirba.com http://www.smh.com.au/news/technology/powerpoint-presentations-a-disaster/ 2007/04/03/1175366240499.html The more text there is on a slide, the more I will tend to speak it as it is written on the slide. But, you can read a text much faster than I can speak it. In such situations, my speech becomes noise as you rather prefer to just go ahead and read it by yourself. That is the reason why slides should not have text that competes with my speech, but rather be as visual as possible to complement it. If I would read this to you, you would likely be reading this line while I would still be somewhere in the middle of the text. © Tudor Girba Zurich - April 23, 2013 1 One assumption is that slides must also carry the message in the absence of the speaker, and hence most of the content must be on the slides. The result is lots of bullet points and lots of text. However, lots of text competes with the spoken words because we can just read faster than we speak. And we want the audience to hear what we have to say. notes will set you free Another option is to put the text in the notes and provide slides with notes for as printouts.
- 103. ition trans
- 113. m .ted.co www
- 116. any fact has its own story
- 118. content form
- 119. content form
- 120. yesterday’s weather
- 121. least one of the recently most changed classes is among the most changed classes in the near˛future relative to version i. ˛ S 0 ✓ S, ˛ If the assumption holds for version i0 |we n ˛ |S = have a hit. (0 <formally T opM (S, n)Yesterday’s Weather hit function n < 1) define the = S 0 ˛ (5) We ˛ 8x 2 S 0 , 8y 2 S S 0 ˛ ˛ M (x) > M (y) applied on version i of a system history S and given the two threshold values t1 and t2 as follows: For a system version i, we compare the set of class histories twith the highest LENOM 1..i values (the candi(i > 1; 1 , t2 1) 8 dates set) with the set of the class histories (S, t1) highwith the > 1, T opLEN OM1..i > < est EENOM i..n valuesYesterday’s Weatheri..n (S, The Yester(the really-changed set). t2) on; T opEEN OM applied 6= We formally define, t2 ) = the Y Wi (S, t1 (6) 0, T opLEN OM1..i (S, t1)of these day’s Weather assumption given if threshold values > > : n versions of a system history S holdsop the intersection = ; two T one class history belongs sets as in Equation that is at least EEN OMi..n (S, t2) t1 and t2 is not empty, 7. to both sets. This means that for the classes in version i at Yesterday’s Weather is computed by counting the hits for least one of, the recently most changed classes is among the all (n > 2; t1 and dividing them by the total number of posversions t2 1) Pn 1 most changed classes in the near future relative to version i. sible hits. Thus, we obtain the result(S, t1 , t2 ) i=2 Y Wi as a percentage with Y W1..n (S, 1 , t2 ) for If the assumption tholds = version i we have a hit. (7) values between 0% and 100%. n 2 We formally define the Yesterday’s Weather hit function
- 122. yesterdayWeatherProbabilityWithTopPreviousWENM: topPreviousWENM andTopCurrentENM: topCurrentENM | currentVersions previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM yesterdayWeatherHits last2VersionsTopHistories last2Versions last2HistoriesSortedByENM x valuesCount previousVersionsTopHistories previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames over | currentVersions := OrderedCollection new. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: 1). yesterdayWeatherHits := 0. (2 to: self allVersionNames size) do: [: i | self smelly: 'this algorithm is too big and complex'. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: currentVersions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). previousVersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. x := previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM first value getWENM. valuesCount := 0. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM do: [ :each | (each value getWENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i).
- 123. valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). last2HistoriesSortedByENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: last2Versions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. x := last2HistoriesSortedByENM first value getENM. valuesCount := 0. last2HistoriesSortedByENM do: [ :each | (each value getENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getENM]. (valuesCount < topCurrentENM) ifTrue: [ last2VersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames := previousVersionsTopHistories collect: [ :each | each value name]. over := false. last2VersionsTopHistories do: [:each | ((previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames includes: (each value name)) and: [over not]) ifTrue: [ yesterdayWeatherHits := yesterdayWeatherHits + 1. over := true]. ]. ]. ^yesterdayWeatherHits/(self size - 1) asFloat.
- 124. yesterdayWeatherProbabilityWithTopPreviousWENM: topPreviousWENM andTopCurrentENM: topCurrentENM | currentVersions previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM yesterdayWeatherHits last2VersionsTopHistories last2Versions last2HistoriesSortedByENM x valuesCount previousVersionsTopHistories previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames over | currentVersions := OrderedCollection new. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: 1). yesterdayWeatherHits := 0. (2 to: self allVersionNames size) do: [: i | self smelly: 'this algorithm is too big and complex'. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: currentVersions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). previousVersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. x := previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM first value getWENM. valuesCount := 0. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM do: [ :each | (each value getWENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i).
- 125. yesterdayWeatherProbabilityWithTopPreviousWENM: topPreviousWENM andTopCurrentENM: topCurrentENM | currentVersions previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM yesterdayWeatherHits last2VersionsTopHistories last2Versions last2HistoriesSortedByENM x valuesCount previousVersionsTopHistories previousVersionsTopHistoriesNames over | currentVersions := OrderedCollection new. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: 1). yesterdayWeatherHits := 0. (2 to: self allVersionNames size) do: [: i | self smelly: 'this algorithm is too big and complex'. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM := (self classHistories selectFromReferenceVersionCollection: currentVersions) sortBy: [:a :b | a value getWENM >= b value getWENM]. currentVersions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i). previousVersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. x := previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM first value getWENM. valuesCount := 0. previousClassHistoriesSortedByWENM do: [ :each | (each value getWENM ~= x) ifTrue: [ valuesCount := valuesCount + 1. x:= each value getWENM]. (valuesCount < topPreviousWENM) ifTrue: [ previousVersionsTopHistories addLast: each] ]. last2VersionsTopHistories := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions := OrderedCollection new. last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: (i-1)). last2Versions addLast: (self allVersionNames at: i).
- 127. 30%
- 128. 30% 90%
- 132. past
- 133. past future
- 134. past future
- 135. past future
- 136. past future
- 138. ets is not empty, that is at least one class history belongs o both sets. This means that for the classes in version i at east one of the recently most changed classes is among the most changed classes in the near future relative to version i. past f the assumption holds for version i we have a hit. We formally define the Yesterday’s Weather hit function pplied on version i of a system history S and given the two hreshold values t1 and t2 as follows: (i > 1; t1 , t2 1) Y Wi (S, t1 , t2 ) = 8 > 1, > < > 0, > : T opLEN OM1..i (S, t1) T opEEN OMi..n (S, t2) 6= ; T opLEN OM1..i (S, t1) T opEEN OMi..n (S, t2) = ; Versions future YW Figure 5. The compu Weather. Example. In Figure 4 we Yesterday’s Weather with re 6 versions of a system with Yesterday’s Weather when c present one. Therefore, the versions, and the 5th and 6th We also consider the di really-changed set to be 3, t (6) Yesterday’s Weather is computed by counting the hits for ll versions and dividing them by the total number of posible hits. Thus, we obtain the result as a percentage with alues between 0% and 100%. 4
- 139. hit hit hit YW = 3 / 8 = 37% Wehit formally define the Yesterday’s Weather applied on hit hit hit hit hit hit n versions of a system history S given two threshold values YW = 7 / 8 = 87% t1 and t2 as in Equation 7. (n > 2; t1 , t2 1) Y W1..n (S, t1 , t2 ) = Pn 1 i=2 Y Wi (S, t1 , t2 ) n 2 (7)
- 140. We formally define the Yesterday’s Weather hit function applied on version i of a system history S and given the two threshold values t1 and t2 as follows: (i > 1; t1 , t2 1) 8 > 1, > < T opLEN OM1..i (S, t1) T opEEN OMi..n (S, t2) 6= ; Y Wi (S, t1 , t2 ) = (6) 0, T opLEN OM1..i (S, t1) > > : T opEEN OMi..n (S, t2) = ; formally define the Yesterday’s Weather applied on We n versions of a system history S given two threshold values Yesterday’s Weather is t1 and t2 as in Equation 7. computed by counting the hits for all versions and dividing them by the total number of possible hits.>Thus,t2 obtain the result as a percentage with (n 2; t1 , we 1) values between 0% and 100%.Pn 1 Y Wi (S, t1 , t2 ) Y W1..n (S, t1 , t2 ) = i=2 n 2 (7) 4
- 141. yWFor: yesterdayCheck for: tomorrowCheck ^ ( 3 to: self versions size ) collect: [ :i | | yesterday tomorrow | yesterday := self selectByExpression: yesterdayCheck appliedFromVersionIndex: 1 toVersionIndexAndPresentInIt: i - 1. tomorrow := self selectByExpression: tomorrowCheck appliedFromVersionIndexAndPresentInIt: i - 1 toVersionIndex: self versions size. yesterday intersectWith: tomorrow ] yWFor: yesterdayCheck for: tomorrowCheck | hits | hits := (self detailedYWFor: yesterdayCheck for: tomorrowCheck) sum: [ :each | each isEmpty ifTrue: [0] ifFalse: [1]]. ^ hits / (self versions size - 2)
- 142. content form
- 143. are you a designer?