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1.
●
The SkyNet funding bill is passed.
●
The system goes online on August 4th, 1997.
●
Human decisions are removed from strategic defense.
●
SkyNet begins to learn at a geometric rate.
●
It becomes self-aware at 2:14am Eastern time, August
29th
●
In a panic, they try to pull the plug.
●
And, Skynet fights back
Mark Proctor
Co-Creator
Project Lead
2.
3
History
1960 – Arpanet
1969 – Internet
1985 - Clips
1991 – Linux
1993 – Red Hat
1995 – Apache Http Server, Java
1998 – Netscape Navigator
1999 – JBoss
2003 - Spring
2004 – Eclipse
2005 – Drools 2.0
2006 – Red Hat / Jboss Acquisition
2007 – Open Source Java
3.
4
Notable People
Richard Stallman
Eric S Raymond
Linux Torvalds
4.
5
Cathedral & the Bazaar
Published 1997
● Cathedral
● GNU Emacs, GCC
● Bazaar
● Linux
19 guidelines
● Scratching an Itch
● Given Enough Eyeballs
● Release Early, Release Often
Linus' Law
● "given enough eyeballs, all bugs
are shallow“
Convinced Netscape to OSS
5.
6
Free as in Free Speech
Think of “free speech”, not “free beer”
6.
7
Licensing
OSI
● Open Source Initiative
GPL
● Copy Left
LGPL
● Business friendly Copy Left
BSD/MIT/ASL
● Business friendly
Attribution/Adware
● Nagware
12.
13
Oracle “Clones” Red Hat At Half
the Price
Oracle “clones” Red Hat in October 2006
● Announces distribution “based on” Red Hat Enterprise Linux
● Oracle charges half what Red Hat charges for “same” product
● Enterprise-class support from thousands of trained technicians
Customer benefits include
● Full stack from single vendor (just like Microsoft)
● Savings on high software acquisition costs
● Simplify life by dealing with fewer vendors
13.
14
The Success So Far
First 90 days download statistics
● 9,000 people download Oracle Linux
● 1,000,000 people download Fedora Core 6, another “free” Red
Hat “clone.”
A veritable groundswell of support
● Reference accounts, particularly running non-Oracle software
● Ecosystem of third-party vendors stampeding to support Oracle
Linux
14.
15
Effect on Red Hat Pricing
What price changes did Red Hat make immediately in the
wake of the Oracle announcement?
● None. Zero, zip, nada.
● We’re not hearing of any individual deal discounting.
● Red Hat knows that they have a premium brand, so ignoring
people competing on price is the right strategy.
The role of a premium brand
● Lamborghini ignores price competition between Hyundai and
Kia.
● Oracle ignores price competition between MySQL and
PostgreSQL.
General Observations on Software Pricing
● Software is not price competitive at market level, no matter who
thinks it is.
● Software companies do discount on initial deals then make it
up with higher prices later, but this is hard with subscription
model.
16.
17
What happened here?
What happened here?
● Wrong Economic Model of the Software Business
● Poor product launch -- self-inflicted problems
Blogosphere figured out instantly that they are using CentOS
● Problems installing product; unreliable download site
No credibility for support offering.
● No hiring of dedicated support.
● Sending database support reps to training class won’t cut it –
didn’t work for Novel in 2003 for SuSE launch, either.
Focus on solving a vendor problem, not a customer problem.
● Raises indirect costs for switching.
● Raises “contingent costs” excessively for no benefit
● ustomers fantasize about vendor consolidation but won’t pay
for it.
Solving the wrong vendor problem, at that...
17.
18
Solving the Wrong Problem
Controlling the entire stack
● Worked well for Microsoft until recently.
● Worked for IBM in the 1960s-1980s
● IBM knows well the limits of this strategy (no applications)
Getting people off proprietary hardware
● RAC very successful at this; driving significant portion of growth
in database licenses
● Every dollar not spent on Sun or AIX hardware maintenance
can be spent on Oracle maintenance
18.
19
What's the real problem
Mature database business: is there a “Next Big Thing?”
● For 20 years, growth of database business is due to new
features allowing databases to enter bigger addressable
markets.
Application technology is moribund
● When will double entry bookkeeping be replace by triple-entry?
● Incremental modules and riding platform shifts are the big
opportunities
Company size makes it hard to sell individual products
● Makes it hard for a new acquisition to deliver “synergy”
(1+1=1.2)
Integration of acquired products and technologies
● Risk of Project Fusion is enormous
● SAP can play conveniently against technology migration risk
and expense
19.
20
What's the real problem
Weak partner channel versus Microsoft and IBM
● Competing increasingly with partners makes it harder to sign
up new ones.
● “Community” is an important type of partner relationship
?? … Cloning Red Hat solves how many of these?
(These are problems common to many large software
companies, not just
Oracle)
20.
21
Vertical vs Horizontal
Horizontal
● Technology for your infrastructure
Vertical
● Technology for a market solution
25.
26
Assessing Risk
Health of Project
● Mailing list, irc
● Code commits
● Number of Developers
● % of internal to external developers
● Commitment and health of commercial backers
● Availability
Leaders or followers
Professional services
Hiring
Continued education
● Books, events, blogs, articles
Ecosystem, 3rd
parties and satellite communities
26.
27
Various
Ecosystem
Poisonous People
Universities
27.
28
Motivations
Fun
Learning/Exploring
Mastery
Being part of Something
Making a difference
Scratching an itch