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Assessing community assembly in a lowland rainforest of Papua New Guinea using spatial and phylogenetic turnover
- 1. Assessing community assembly in a Papua New Guinea forest using spatial and phylogenetic turnover Gaurav Kandlikar, John Vincent, and George Weiblen University of Minnesota, Dept. of Plant Biology
- 2. Outline • Global patterns of biodiversity • Characterizing a Papua New Guinea forest • Phylogenetics • Future research
- 3. Photo: Wanang plot, CTFS Photo: Wabikon Lake plot, CTFS
- 4. 23 forest plots 16 countries > 75 institutions 8,500 tree species 3 million trees Global Forest Observatories: an international network monitoring the health of forests
- 5. Forest dynamics plots • 50 hectares (1 ha = 100m x 100m) • all woody stems >= 1 cm DBH tagged, mapped, measured, and identified (“census”) • plot recensus every 5 years • enables cross-continental tropical forest comparison
- 6. Photos: Google, J B Vincent
- 7. Botanical Progress at Wanang • 50 ha with trees tagged, mapped & measured • 31 ha data-based identified to species • 171,858 stems in 31 ha • 30 ha including >500 species
- 8. Images: New Guinea Binatang Research Center
- 9. A Field Guide to PNG trees
- 10. Relational Databases taxon name image local name local usemap taxon name map image local name local use
- 11. Mallotus peltatus Bambusa forbesii Ficus concocephalifolia Ficus hahliana Celtis latifolia
- 12. What explains the spatial patterns of different tree species?
- 13. A B C D E Phylogenetics • Phylogenies help us interpret complex patterns • Simple metrics of biodiversity (eg. species richness) ignore evolutionary relationships Swenson et al. 2012
- 15. Phylogeny of PNG trees Photo: T.J.S. Whitfeld
- 17. Mahogany trees
- 18. Future directions Ficus concocephalifolia Ficus hahliana
- 20. Summary • One forest on one island has >500 species of trees • Different species of trees tend to grow in different parts of the forest – Why? • To what extent does the evolutionary history of a species explain its distribution?
- 21. Acknowledgements • Dr. George Weiblen • John Vincent • Erin Treiber • UMN Office of Undergraduate Research
- 22. Questions?
Editor's Notes
- All of the work I’ll be talking about today has been done in Dr. Weiblen’s lab
- Don’t comment on status of work.
- Explain what the topomap shows here.
- Describe the space a little bit (crisscrossed by rivers, etc.)
- “field crew”
- Explain what the time was spent on using a relational database
- Relational databases
- Walk audience through the different types of distribution. Orient audience to what the message is (patchy/everywhere. patchy can be about disturbance, etc.).
- Does the relatedness of species explain the patterns?To what extent does evolutionary relatedness (shared ancestry) account for shared patterns of distributions? Close relatives share more characteristics
- Schematic of a phylogeny, explain what it shows (evolutionary distance) (nodes, tips). Explain how variation is used. Add simple circle tree with 6 taxa (roots, nodes, tips, what they represent)Describe the complexity brought in by phylogeniesDevelop phylogenetics (methods, questions that can be answered)
- Here are sequences of therbcL gene from various different taxa that I’ve generatedRbcL is a chloroplast marker that codes for an enzyme important to photosynthesis found in every land plantThere is variation in this, so we can say that two sequences that are more similar to each other share a more recent common ancestor than two species with very different sequences for rbcL.
- Briefly describe the work done in 2012, have tree pop up.Narrow phylogeny down to subset
- So now that we have a fairly robust phylogeny of plants occurring in the forest, what can we do with itZoom into one of the highlighted branch contrastAdd text summarizing tree: rbcL, based on Bayesian methods following protocols. What are these plants that I’ve added. Current estimate of how the trees in Wanang are related to each other
- -phylogenetic turnover; dependence on spatial scale-bring in the spatial distributions from previous slides-Ficus distribution, zoom in on ficus on phylogeny,. How can we use the tree to understand the patterns?-Clade that tends to associate with ravines. Maybe ancestor had this ecology.
- pictures
- ----- Meeting Notes (4/10/13 12:58) -----Species ID