1.
What is Design?
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

2.
Etymology & Grammar
• Comes from Italian word disegno: drafting or drawing of
a work; or the idea at the root of a work.
• A noun and a verb.
“Design is to design a design to produce a design.”
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

3.
According to the OSU
Department of Design
• Design is a purposeful, systematic,
and creative activity.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

4.
Fine Art vs. Design
The primary motivation in:
• Art is usually oneself.
• Design is usually others.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

5.
Overview of Design
History &
Contributions
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

6.
The Real Beginnings
• Stone tools created 2 million years B.C.
chopper hand axe scraper needle
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

7.
Industrial Revolution
• 1765-1880
• A shift from craft labor to mass production; workshops to
factories.
• Mass production and interchangeable parts allowed
design standardization.
• Steam engine.
• Mass production & Mass marketing.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

8.
The Steam Engine
• James Watt
• 1765
• England
• Powered by steam: expanding and cooling water within a
cylinder drove a piston up and down.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

9.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

10.
Mass Production
• Cheap products, mass produced quickly.
• Poor quality.
• Many different styles: classical mythology, Baroque,
Gothic, Romanesque, Renaissance.
• Lots of Ornamentation: machined lathed/band saw parts
were interchangeable.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

11.
Steam
Engine?
• Classical façade.
• Excessive Ornamentation
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

12.
Toilet?
• Reference to classical
mythology “Chimaera,” part
lion.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

13.
Telephone?
• 1888 on top
• 1914 on bottom
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

14.
New Manufacturing
Technologies
• Bent Beechwood
• Thonet, 1859
Chair No. 14
• Thonet, 1860
Rocker
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

15.
Mass Marketing
• Josiah Wedgewood’s Pottery factory.
• Used old energy sources: horses, moving water; not
steam; 1769.
• First to market to the middle class; pioneer of mass
marketing; earthenware that was affordable, aesthetically
pleasing, could take sudden changes in temperature;
quick to produce.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

16.
Singer Sewing
Machines
• 1850- Isaac Merritt Singer designs
first in-line shuttle sewing machine.
• 1855- Singer becomes the world's
largest sewing company. Singer
begins overseas expansion, starting
in Paris, France, making Singer the
world’s first international company.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

17.
Installment Payments
• 1856- Edward Clark, working for the Singer
Manufacturing Co., originates the “hire-purchase” plan,
the prototype for all installment selling or time payment
purchases.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

18.
World Fairs or
Exhibitions
They provided an International
marketplace, International
competition, and exhibited the
latest advancements in
technology.
• London, 1851
• Paris, 1889
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

19.
The Road to
Modernism
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

20.
Changing Aesthetics
• Driven largely by new technologies in manufacturing and
materials.
• Steam bending wood
• Steel
• Glass
• Curvilinear vs. Rectilinear.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

21.
Curvilinear vs.
Rectilinear
C. R. Mackintosh French Furniture Company
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

22.
Curvilinear vs.
Rectilinear
Henery van de Velde Frank Lloyd Wright
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

23.
Frank Lloyd Wright
• Guggenheim Museum
• New York, 1956
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

24.
“Form follows
function.”
• Louis Sullivan
• Chicago
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

25.
Simplification &
Abstraction
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

26.
Perspective & Rationale
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

27.
Corporate Identity
• Peter Behrens
• AEG - Electrical Products Manufacturer
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

28.
The Bauhaus
• Founded in 1919 by
Walter Gropius
• Weimar, Dessau, Berlin
• Closed in 1933 due to
the rise of the Nazi Party
in Germany.
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

29.
Constructivism
Propaganda & Social Messages
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

30.
Streamlining
Transportation, Future Forms, & Marketing
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

31.
Evolution of a Chair
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

32.
Red & Blue Chair
Gerrit Reitveld, 1918
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

33.
Chair
Marcel Breuer, 1921
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

34.
Wassily Chair
Marcel Breuer, 1925
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

35.
Barcelona Chair
Mies van der Rohe, 1929
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

36.
Grand Comfort Lounge
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

37.
Lounge Chair Wood
Charles and Ray Eames, 1945
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

38.
RAR Rocker
Charles and Ray Eames, 1948
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

39.
Lounge Chair &
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

40.
Tulip Chair
Eero Saarinen, 1956
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

41.
Panton Chair
Verner Panton, 1959
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University

42.
That is about all we
have time for.
Without taking another two hours to cover Scandinavien, Minimalism, Post
Modernism, Deconstructivism...
Design 200: Introduction to Design Department of Design
The Ohio State University