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FruitBreedomics - WP2
Developing apple and peach pre-
breeding material with new features
I. Baumgartner (Agroscope), M. Kellerhals (Agroscope), A. Peil (JKI),
A. Liverani (CRA), T. Pascal (INRA)
Bologna, June 18th 2015
Overview
powdery mildew
Apple (JKI, EVD) Peach (INRA, CRA)
Objectives of pre-breeding
Sources of resistance and fruit traits
Controlled crosses
Selection methodologies (phenotypic, molecular markers)
Availability of plant material
LG1
Rvi6
resistance
to apple
scab
FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKI
Focalized on resistance and fruit quality traits
LG2 LG3 LG4 LG5 LG6 LG7 LG8
LG9 LG10 LG11 LG12 LG13 LG14
LG15
LG16 LG17
Rvi2
resistance
to apple
scab
Rvi11
resistance
to apple
scab
Sd1
resistance
to rosy
apple leaf-
curling
aphid
FBF7
resistance
to fire
blight
Rvi4
resistance
to apple
scab
Md-PG1
fruit
texture
Md-ACS1
shelf
life
Pl1
resistance
to powdery
mildew
Rvi12
resistance
to apple
scab
Plm
resistance
to powdery
mildew
Pl2
resistance
to powdery
mildew
Apple genetic linkage map (17 chromosomes)
Pld
resistance
to powdery
mildew
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)
Objective: pyramiding of scab resistance genes (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6)
in combination with:
• mildew resistance
• low fire blight susceptibility
• fruit quality
 2011 : 3 crosses established, progeny size:
187-324 seeds/progeny
 2012 : phenotypic and molecular selection
(Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld FBF7)
 2013 : tree nursery (147 plants: combination
of 2 scab + 1 mildew resist.)
 2014: planted, first fruit (ACW 24962)
ACW 17053 (Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7FBF7)
x ACW 16102 (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1)
ACW 24962
(Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)
Genotypes of selected seedlings of population 1114
Genotype
No. of
genotypes
Genotype
No. of
genotypes
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
1
1
2
3
2
5
3
3
2
Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7
5
3
3
2
4
2
7
6
1
Scab resistance genes:
Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6
Powdery mildew resistance genes:
Pl1 Pl2
Fire blight QTL:
FBF7
1114: ACW 17053 (Rvi6, Pl2, FBF7FBF7) x ACW 16102 (Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6, Pl1)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)
Objective: new source of scab resistance from Hansen’s baccata #2
in combination with:
• low chilling
• fruit quality
1310: ACW 18913 (Golden x
Hansen’s baccata #2) x Arlet (-)
 2011/12/13 : 8 crosses established, progeny
size: 2-1263 seeds/progeny
 2013/14 : phenotypic selection
 2014/15 :
 tree nursery
 molecular analysis (Rvi12/Vb and Vbsc)
A second scab resistance Vbsc has been
identified in Hansen’s baccata #2 and its
progenies (A. Patocchi)
Phenotype: sc = stellate chlorosis
(Rvi12/Vb)
FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)
Objectives: new traits low allergenic potential and specific aroma
Ladina (Rvi6, FBF7, litchi
flavor, Md-ACS1, MD-PG1)
Berlepsch (low allergenic)
 2013 : crosses established
 low allergenic potential: 2 crosses > 770 seeds
 specific aroma: 1 cross > 230 seeds
 2014 : phenotypic selection in F1
 for scab resistance after artificial inoculation
 for tree features: growth and mildew resistance
 2015 : tree nursery
Mother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds Selected
Modi (Rvi6 MD-PG1,
low allergenic)
Berlepsch (scab resistance,
low allergenic)
449 20
Modi (Rvi6 MD-PG1,
low allergenic)
Goldparmäne Belrène (MD-
PG1, low allergenic)
324 30
Ladina (Rvi6 FBF7
Md-ACS1 MD-PG1,
litchi flavor)
ACW 20728 (ACW 16102 x
ACW 16146) (Rvi2 Pl1,
mango flavor)
237 6
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI
Objective: pyramiding of mildew resistance genes (Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm)
in combination with:
• apple scab resistance
• fire blight resistance
Powdery mildew on Topaz
 2011/12 : 23 crosses established, progeny size:
0 - 270 seeds/progeny
 2012/13 : phenotypic and molecular selection
(Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm FBF7 Sd1)
 2013/14 : planted in the orchard or grafted on
M9/interstem (309 genotypes)
Ariwa (Rvi6 Pl1) x ACW 8099 (Rvi6 Pl2)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI Genotypes of
selected seedlings of populations
Genotype
No. of
genotypes
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 Plm
Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2
Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 Pl2
Rvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2
Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 Plm
Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 Plm
Rvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 Plm
Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Plm
1
1
2
8
2
2
1
3
4
Genotype
No. of
genotypes
Pl1
Pl2
Pld
Pl1 Pl2
Pl1 Pld
Pl2 Pld
Pl1 Pl2 Pld
3
1
8
17
20
28
55
13211:
006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Plm) x E6 33,124 (Rvi2 Rvi4 FBF7 Sd1)
13221-13226:
GD (quality) x 006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Pld)
FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI
Objective: new source of scab resistance from M. baccata jackii
in combination with:
• low chilling
• fruit quality
Royal Gala x A722-7 (Rvi11/Vbj)
 2011/12 : 5 crosses established,
progeny size: 88 - 139
seeds/progeny
 2012/13 :
 phenotypic selection
 molecular analysis
(Rvi11/Vbj)
 2014/15 : orchard
(Rvi11/Vbj)
FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at JKI
Objectives: new traits fruit shape and low chilling
Api Etoile (fruit shape)
 2012/13 : 5 crosses established
 2014 :
 Artificial scab inoculation
 molecular analysis
 2014/15 : orchard
Cross Nb. Mother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds
Plants in the
orchard
13228 GD (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 44
13229 Gala (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 45
13230 Pinova (quality) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 100 87
14217 Regia (Rvi2, Rvi4, Sd1, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 25
14236 GoldRush (Rvi6, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 50
FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKI
Availability of the plant material created during project
No. of
population Availability of seedling material EVD
Contact: Markus Kellerhals (markus.kellerhals@agroscope.admin.ch)
Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA
Special
Conditions
1112 x x 2014
1113 x x 2014
1114 x x 2014
No. of
population Availability of seedling material JKI
Contact: Andreas Peil (andreas.peil@jki.bund.de)
Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA
Special
Conditions
13211 x x 2017
13212 x x 2017
13213 x x 2017
13214 x x 2017
13215 x x 2017
13216 x x 2017
13217 x x 2017
13218 x x 2017
13219 x x 2017
13220 x x 2017
13221 x x 2017
13222 x x 2017
13223 x x 2017
13224 x x 2017
13225 x x 2017
13226 x x 2017
13230 x x 2017
13231 x x 2017
 2011, 2012 & 2013 : selections derived from Oro A (12 crosses /500 seedlings)
 evaluation in orchard (unsprayed trees)
 3 times – beginning of pit hardening ; rapid fruit growth ; harvest
 scoring ranged from 0 (no symptom) to 5 (symptoms diffused in whole tree)
 leaves and fruits were separately scored
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)
Objectives: resistance to peach powdery mildew
2011: IFF 1147 (Red Top x Oro A)
2013: Ma 26-16-206 self ((Cresthaven x Oro A) x Laura)
2012: IFF 1504 Top Lady x (Cresthaven x Oro A)
IFF 1439 Rome Star x (Cresthaven x Oro A)
Oro A
 from Oro A :
and brown rot
2 yellow nectarines, selected in 2012, were evaluated for
the second year with good tolerance to powdery mildew
CRA-FRF 1590
CRA-FRF 1761
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)
Results 2014 for resistance to peach powdery mildew
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)
Objective: resistance / tolerance to brown rot
MA 25-13-143
(Suncrest x UCD-F8,5-156 )
MA 25-10-111
((Romea*Snowqueen) x SD 75)
 new possible parents, also with putative resistance to PPV
Also some old local
germplasm showed to
be little prone to
infections: Buco
incavato, Crimson
Lady, Crizia, Forlì 1;
Ghiaccio 1; Percoca di
Romagna; Sanguinella;
Sant’Anna Balducci,
Tardiva San Filippo
 list of cultivars scored tolerant / resistant
Contender
Gialla Tardiva
In absence of molecular markers, evaluations are carried out in orchard:
evaluation of the resistance is preceeded by qualitative selection through
recurrent selection schemes. Only fruit of seedlings with acceptable
agronomic properties are tested for the resistance to brown rot
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)
Methodology of selection used against brown rot
since 2013
the evaluation for
brown rot
resistance has been
conducted
following the
protocol proposed
within the WP5
inoculations on skin (spray conidia suspension) to test the fruit
tolerance to brown rot due to the barriers present in the skin
in orchard
very susceptible seedling
seedling higly resistant
Percoca di Romagna
Tardiva di San Filippo
Gialla Tardiva
IFF 1655
IFF 650
IFF 638
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)
Results 2013-2014 for the resistance to brown rot
Mother Father
seedlings
firstly
evaluated
for quality
then in
evaluation
progress for
pyramiding the
resistances
(O'Henry x Calipso) SD 75 202 89
Suncrest SD 75 47 15
Kaweah Cresthaven x UCD-F8,5-166 24 24
Didalia Suncrest x SD 75 28 9
Gialla Tardiva IFF 1148* 21 2
Suncrest Ma 21-09-211 x UCD-F8,5-156 38 34
FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)
Objective: combine brown rot and powdery mildew resistances
FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)
Objective mainly axed on resistance to pests and diseases
available markers: yes yes yes … ongoing no
 green peach aphid
 powdery mildew
 Plum Pox Virus (M strain)
 brown rot (Monilia laxa)
 Xanthomonas pruni
resistance to:
tests of resistance:
 in greenhouse and lab
 in orchard …
in
contaminated
zone
crosses: 2015
genitors / parents: WFP Malo Konare P. davidiana Bolinha SC08-26008
Rubira Pamirskij 5 P. dulcis BY00p6346 Loring
LG7LG6LG5LG4LG1 LG2 LG3
Peach genetic linkage map (8 chromosomes)
LG8
Vr1 or Vr2
resistance to
powdery mildew
SD-PM.8.1
resistance to
powdery mildew
SD-PM.6.1
resistance to
powdery mildew
Rm1 or Rm2
resistance to
green peach
aphid
SD-MP.5.1
resistance to
green peach
aphid
SD-MP.3.1
resistance to
green peach
aphid
q3.5diCQ/CA
resistance to
green peach
aphid
FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)
Focus on resistance to green peach aphid and powdery mildew
D
non-acid flesh
DBF
blood-fleshbf
blood-flesh
pl
weeping habit
S*
fruit shape
G
fruit skin
pubescence
y
flesh color
in combination with fruit quality …
FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)
Objective: associate green peach aphid and mildew resistances
Trait Resistance
Linkage
group
SSR SNP from 9k ; P. dav. sequence
green
peach
aphid
resistance
Rm1, Rm2 1
UDP-422,
UDAp-467
SNP_IGA_127181, SNP_IGA_127323,
SNP_IGA_127673, SNP_IGA_127836,
SNP_IGA_128189
qMP.SP-G3.1 3 AG106, AG50b
between S3_17686_ _ and
S3_19102
qMP.SP-G5.2 5 PaCITA21 -
q3.5diCQ/CA - SP128*, SP129*
powdery
mildew
resistance
Vr1, Vr2 8
MP206,
MP267
between SNP_IGA_796481 and
SNP_IGA_851849
qPM.SP-G6.1 6
AG26,
pchcms5, PC73
between S6_15606_ _ and
S6_169697
qPM.SP-G8.1 8 FG230, FG37 -
available markers
2011 crosses /2014 first selections with Rm1 +Vr1 observed in orchard
FB-WP2-Peach: pre-breeding at CRA and INRA
Availability of the plant material created during project
No. of
population
Availability of seedling material CRA
Contact: Alessandro Liverani (alessandro.liverani@entecra.it)
Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA
Special
Conditions
11.03 x x x 2015
11.04 x x x 2015
11.30 x x x 2015
11.31 x x x 2015
11.32 x x x 2015
11.37 x x x 2015
11.53 x x x 2015
12.09 x x x 2016
12.10 x x x 2016
12.15 - - - - -
12.22 x x x 2016
12.60 x x x 2016
13.13 - - - - -
13.16 x x x 2017
13.17 x x x 2017
13.20 x x x 2017
13.15 x x x 2017
13.25 x x x 2017
13.70 x x x 2017
13.71 x x x 2017
No. of
population
Availability of seedling material INRA
Contact: Thierry Pascal (tpascal@avignon.inra.fr)
Pollen Leaves Budwood Year
MTA
Special
Conditions
11.01 x x 2015
11.02 x x x 2015
11.03 x x x 2015
11.04 x x x 2015
11.05 x x x x 2016
11.06 x x x 2015
11.07 x x x 2015
11.08 x x x 2015
11.09 x x 2015
12.01 x x 2016
12.02 x x 2016
12.03 x x 2016
12.04 x x 2016
12.05 x x 2016
12.06 x x 2016
Thank you for your attention
powdery mildew
Agroscope good food, healthy environment

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18 baumgartner pascal

  • 1. FruitBreedomics - WP2 Developing apple and peach pre- breeding material with new features I. Baumgartner (Agroscope), M. Kellerhals (Agroscope), A. Peil (JKI), A. Liverani (CRA), T. Pascal (INRA) Bologna, June 18th 2015
  • 2. Overview powdery mildew Apple (JKI, EVD) Peach (INRA, CRA) Objectives of pre-breeding Sources of resistance and fruit traits Controlled crosses Selection methodologies (phenotypic, molecular markers) Availability of plant material
  • 3. LG1 Rvi6 resistance to apple scab FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKI Focalized on resistance and fruit quality traits LG2 LG3 LG4 LG5 LG6 LG7 LG8 LG9 LG10 LG11 LG12 LG13 LG14 LG15 LG16 LG17 Rvi2 resistance to apple scab Rvi11 resistance to apple scab Sd1 resistance to rosy apple leaf- curling aphid FBF7 resistance to fire blight Rvi4 resistance to apple scab Md-PG1 fruit texture Md-ACS1 shelf life Pl1 resistance to powdery mildew Rvi12 resistance to apple scab Plm resistance to powdery mildew Pl2 resistance to powdery mildew Apple genetic linkage map (17 chromosomes) Pld resistance to powdery mildew
  • 4. FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) Objective: pyramiding of scab resistance genes (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6) in combination with: • mildew resistance • low fire blight susceptibility • fruit quality  2011 : 3 crosses established, progeny size: 187-324 seeds/progeny  2012 : phenotypic and molecular selection (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld FBF7)  2013 : tree nursery (147 plants: combination of 2 scab + 1 mildew resist.)  2014: planted, first fruit (ACW 24962) ACW 17053 (Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7FBF7) x ACW 16102 (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1) ACW 24962 (Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7)
  • 5. FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) Genotypes of selected seedlings of population 1114 Genotype No. of genotypes Genotype No. of genotypes Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7 1 1 2 3 2 5 3 3 2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7 Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7 5 3 3 2 4 2 7 6 1 Scab resistance genes: Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Powdery mildew resistance genes: Pl1 Pl2 Fire blight QTL: FBF7 1114: ACW 17053 (Rvi6, Pl2, FBF7FBF7) x ACW 16102 (Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6, Pl1)
  • 6. FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) Objective: new source of scab resistance from Hansen’s baccata #2 in combination with: • low chilling • fruit quality 1310: ACW 18913 (Golden x Hansen’s baccata #2) x Arlet (-)  2011/12/13 : 8 crosses established, progeny size: 2-1263 seeds/progeny  2013/14 : phenotypic selection  2014/15 :  tree nursery  molecular analysis (Rvi12/Vb and Vbsc) A second scab resistance Vbsc has been identified in Hansen’s baccata #2 and its progenies (A. Patocchi) Phenotype: sc = stellate chlorosis (Rvi12/Vb)
  • 7. FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) Objectives: new traits low allergenic potential and specific aroma Ladina (Rvi6, FBF7, litchi flavor, Md-ACS1, MD-PG1) Berlepsch (low allergenic)  2013 : crosses established  low allergenic potential: 2 crosses > 770 seeds  specific aroma: 1 cross > 230 seeds  2014 : phenotypic selection in F1  for scab resistance after artificial inoculation  for tree features: growth and mildew resistance  2015 : tree nursery Mother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds Selected Modi (Rvi6 MD-PG1, low allergenic) Berlepsch (scab resistance, low allergenic) 449 20 Modi (Rvi6 MD-PG1, low allergenic) Goldparmäne Belrène (MD- PG1, low allergenic) 324 30 Ladina (Rvi6 FBF7 Md-ACS1 MD-PG1, litchi flavor) ACW 20728 (ACW 16102 x ACW 16146) (Rvi2 Pl1, mango flavor) 237 6
  • 8. FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI Objective: pyramiding of mildew resistance genes (Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm) in combination with: • apple scab resistance • fire blight resistance Powdery mildew on Topaz  2011/12 : 23 crosses established, progeny size: 0 - 270 seeds/progeny  2012/13 : phenotypic and molecular selection (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm FBF7 Sd1)  2013/14 : planted in the orchard or grafted on M9/interstem (309 genotypes) Ariwa (Rvi6 Pl1) x ACW 8099 (Rvi6 Pl2)
  • 9. FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI Genotypes of selected seedlings of populations Genotype No. of genotypes Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 Plm Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2 Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 Pl2 Rvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2 Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 Plm Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 Plm Rvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 Plm Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Plm 1 1 2 8 2 2 1 3 4 Genotype No. of genotypes Pl1 Pl2 Pld Pl1 Pl2 Pl1 Pld Pl2 Pld Pl1 Pl2 Pld 3 1 8 17 20 28 55 13211: 006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Plm) x E6 33,124 (Rvi2 Rvi4 FBF7 Sd1) 13221-13226: GD (quality) x 006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Pld)
  • 10. FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI Objective: new source of scab resistance from M. baccata jackii in combination with: • low chilling • fruit quality Royal Gala x A722-7 (Rvi11/Vbj)  2011/12 : 5 crosses established, progeny size: 88 - 139 seeds/progeny  2012/13 :  phenotypic selection  molecular analysis (Rvi11/Vbj)  2014/15 : orchard (Rvi11/Vbj)
  • 11. FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at JKI Objectives: new traits fruit shape and low chilling Api Etoile (fruit shape)  2012/13 : 5 crosses established  2014 :  Artificial scab inoculation  molecular analysis  2014/15 : orchard Cross Nb. Mother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds Plants in the orchard 13228 GD (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 44 13229 Gala (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 45 13230 Pinova (quality) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 100 87 14217 Regia (Rvi2, Rvi4, Sd1, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 25 14236 GoldRush (Rvi6, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 50
  • 12. FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKI Availability of the plant material created during project No. of population Availability of seedling material EVD Contact: Markus Kellerhals (markus.kellerhals@agroscope.admin.ch) Pollen Leaves Budwood Year MTA Special Conditions 1112 x x 2014 1113 x x 2014 1114 x x 2014 No. of population Availability of seedling material JKI Contact: Andreas Peil (andreas.peil@jki.bund.de) Pollen Leaves Budwood Year MTA Special Conditions 13211 x x 2017 13212 x x 2017 13213 x x 2017 13214 x x 2017 13215 x x 2017 13216 x x 2017 13217 x x 2017 13218 x x 2017 13219 x x 2017 13220 x x 2017 13221 x x 2017 13222 x x 2017 13223 x x 2017 13224 x x 2017 13225 x x 2017 13226 x x 2017 13230 x x 2017 13231 x x 2017
  • 13.  2011, 2012 & 2013 : selections derived from Oro A (12 crosses /500 seedlings)  evaluation in orchard (unsprayed trees)  3 times – beginning of pit hardening ; rapid fruit growth ; harvest  scoring ranged from 0 (no symptom) to 5 (symptoms diffused in whole tree)  leaves and fruits were separately scored FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy) Objectives: resistance to peach powdery mildew 2011: IFF 1147 (Red Top x Oro A) 2013: Ma 26-16-206 self ((Cresthaven x Oro A) x Laura) 2012: IFF 1504 Top Lady x (Cresthaven x Oro A) IFF 1439 Rome Star x (Cresthaven x Oro A) Oro A  from Oro A : and brown rot
  • 14. 2 yellow nectarines, selected in 2012, were evaluated for the second year with good tolerance to powdery mildew CRA-FRF 1590 CRA-FRF 1761 FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy) Results 2014 for resistance to peach powdery mildew
  • 15. FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy) Objective: resistance / tolerance to brown rot MA 25-13-143 (Suncrest x UCD-F8,5-156 ) MA 25-10-111 ((Romea*Snowqueen) x SD 75)  new possible parents, also with putative resistance to PPV Also some old local germplasm showed to be little prone to infections: Buco incavato, Crimson Lady, Crizia, Forlì 1; Ghiaccio 1; Percoca di Romagna; Sanguinella; Sant’Anna Balducci, Tardiva San Filippo  list of cultivars scored tolerant / resistant Contender Gialla Tardiva
  • 16. In absence of molecular markers, evaluations are carried out in orchard: evaluation of the resistance is preceeded by qualitative selection through recurrent selection schemes. Only fruit of seedlings with acceptable agronomic properties are tested for the resistance to brown rot FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy) Methodology of selection used against brown rot since 2013 the evaluation for brown rot resistance has been conducted following the protocol proposed within the WP5 inoculations on skin (spray conidia suspension) to test the fruit tolerance to brown rot due to the barriers present in the skin in orchard very susceptible seedling seedling higly resistant
  • 17. Percoca di Romagna Tardiva di San Filippo Gialla Tardiva IFF 1655 IFF 650 IFF 638 FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy) Results 2013-2014 for the resistance to brown rot
  • 18. Mother Father seedlings firstly evaluated for quality then in evaluation progress for pyramiding the resistances (O'Henry x Calipso) SD 75 202 89 Suncrest SD 75 47 15 Kaweah Cresthaven x UCD-F8,5-166 24 24 Didalia Suncrest x SD 75 28 9 Gialla Tardiva IFF 1148* 21 2 Suncrest Ma 21-09-211 x UCD-F8,5-156 38 34 FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy) Objective: combine brown rot and powdery mildew resistances
  • 19. FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA) Objective mainly axed on resistance to pests and diseases available markers: yes yes yes … ongoing no  green peach aphid  powdery mildew  Plum Pox Virus (M strain)  brown rot (Monilia laxa)  Xanthomonas pruni resistance to: tests of resistance:  in greenhouse and lab  in orchard … in contaminated zone crosses: 2015 genitors / parents: WFP Malo Konare P. davidiana Bolinha SC08-26008 Rubira Pamirskij 5 P. dulcis BY00p6346 Loring
  • 20. LG7LG6LG5LG4LG1 LG2 LG3 Peach genetic linkage map (8 chromosomes) LG8 Vr1 or Vr2 resistance to powdery mildew SD-PM.8.1 resistance to powdery mildew SD-PM.6.1 resistance to powdery mildew Rm1 or Rm2 resistance to green peach aphid SD-MP.5.1 resistance to green peach aphid SD-MP.3.1 resistance to green peach aphid q3.5diCQ/CA resistance to green peach aphid FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA) Focus on resistance to green peach aphid and powdery mildew D non-acid flesh DBF blood-fleshbf blood-flesh pl weeping habit S* fruit shape G fruit skin pubescence y flesh color in combination with fruit quality …
  • 21. FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA) Objective: associate green peach aphid and mildew resistances Trait Resistance Linkage group SSR SNP from 9k ; P. dav. sequence green peach aphid resistance Rm1, Rm2 1 UDP-422, UDAp-467 SNP_IGA_127181, SNP_IGA_127323, SNP_IGA_127673, SNP_IGA_127836, SNP_IGA_128189 qMP.SP-G3.1 3 AG106, AG50b between S3_17686_ _ and S3_19102 qMP.SP-G5.2 5 PaCITA21 - q3.5diCQ/CA - SP128*, SP129* powdery mildew resistance Vr1, Vr2 8 MP206, MP267 between SNP_IGA_796481 and SNP_IGA_851849 qPM.SP-G6.1 6 AG26, pchcms5, PC73 between S6_15606_ _ and S6_169697 qPM.SP-G8.1 8 FG230, FG37 - available markers 2011 crosses /2014 first selections with Rm1 +Vr1 observed in orchard
  • 22. FB-WP2-Peach: pre-breeding at CRA and INRA Availability of the plant material created during project No. of population Availability of seedling material CRA Contact: Alessandro Liverani (alessandro.liverani@entecra.it) Pollen Leaves Budwood Year MTA Special Conditions 11.03 x x x 2015 11.04 x x x 2015 11.30 x x x 2015 11.31 x x x 2015 11.32 x x x 2015 11.37 x x x 2015 11.53 x x x 2015 12.09 x x x 2016 12.10 x x x 2016 12.15 - - - - - 12.22 x x x 2016 12.60 x x x 2016 13.13 - - - - - 13.16 x x x 2017 13.17 x x x 2017 13.20 x x x 2017 13.15 x x x 2017 13.25 x x x 2017 13.70 x x x 2017 13.71 x x x 2017 No. of population Availability of seedling material INRA Contact: Thierry Pascal (tpascal@avignon.inra.fr) Pollen Leaves Budwood Year MTA Special Conditions 11.01 x x 2015 11.02 x x x 2015 11.03 x x x 2015 11.04 x x x 2015 11.05 x x x x 2016 11.06 x x x 2015 11.07 x x x 2015 11.08 x x x 2015 11.09 x x 2015 12.01 x x 2016 12.02 x x 2016 12.03 x x 2016 12.04 x x 2016 12.05 x x 2016 12.06 x x 2016
  • 23. Thank you for your attention powdery mildew Agroscope good food, healthy environment

Editor's Notes

  1. Evaluate and describe the genetic material available for the resistance to powdery mildew and brown rot, the two most dangerous pathogens in the peach production area of Forli Resistance to mildew : several F1 and F2 selections were evaluated for powdery mildew resistance derived from 500 seedlings coming from 12 crosses in combinations with Oro A
  2. On the basis of Multi-year field observations and the choice of genotypes showing a slower expansion of the rot after wounding and inoculation, we made a list of cultivars that were used in controlled crosses to increase resistance. Surveys and studies of other Italian researchers found other cultivars, some of the names are the same across studies. Methods of selections were also different. In the years we have continued searching other sources of resistance, and a few years ago we started using also old local germplasm showing to be little prone to infections List of cultivars scored tolerant/resistant
  3. The main tree and fruit characteristics of the CRA-FRF selections showing a good tolerance to artificial inoculations , are here described; , also three Italian landraces showing a high tolerance to monilinia are described. ‘Gialla tardiva‘ was identified because, after a hail event and differently from many other varieties in collection, the fruit did not show rot symptoms, as the wounds cicatrized very fast. The artificial inoculation tests on intact fruits confirmed the good resistance to the infection (IF: 16.5%); on the other hand, the inoculation of wounded fruits determined the development of a large rot also in this genotype. Another old Italian variety, the yellow-fleshed nectarine ‘Tardiva di San Filippo‘, up to now assessed only on unwounded fruits, showed promising results.
  4. Crosses realised during the project to combine brown rot and mildew resistances
  5. Genitors of resistance of more or less low agronomic value