Montenegro's Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management

Montenegro
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

Criteria and Indicators of
Sustainable Forest Management
in Montenegro

Podgorica, September 2011.

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Editor-in-chief: PhD. Milosav Andjelic
Professional and technical editor: MSc. Franc Ferlin
Pictures: MSc. Franc Ferlin (24), PhD. Milosav Andjelic (9), Internet sources (4)
Translation: Samanta Toskovic, Dijana Premovic, Franc Ferlin
Publisher: Ministry of agriculture and rural development, 50 copies

CIP – Cataloguing in publication
Central national library of Montenegro, Cetinje

ISBN 978-86-85799-12-9
COBISS CG-ID-18774032

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................................... 4
2. PREFACE........................................................................................................... 5
3. LEGAL BASIS AND DEFINITIONS......................................................... 6
4. CONCEPT OF DRAFTING CRITERIA AND INDICATORS........... 7
5. CONTENTS OF CRITERIA AND INDICATORS................................. 9
5.1 GENERAL STANDARDS AND MEASURING TOOLS FOR
SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT........................................................... 9
5.2 GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST
MANAGEMENT............................................................................................................ 56
6. IMPLEMENTATION OF CRITERIA AND INDICATORS............ 58

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1. ABBREVIATIONS

EPA – Environmental Protection Agency of Montenegro
CDM - Clean Development Mechanism within the Kyoto Climate Protocol
EI – Environmental Inspection
EU – European Union
MU – Management unit
ICP monitoring – International Cooperative Programme monitoring (health condition of
forests)
IUCN – International Union for Conservation of Nature
MARD – Ministry of agriculture and rural development
MCPFE – Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe
MONSTAT – Statistical Office of Montenegro
MTSD – Ministry of Tourism and Sustainable Development
NATURA 2000 – European network of special nature protection and conservation areas
NWPFS – non-wood, productional forest services
NWFP – non-wood forest products
NP – National parks
FI – Forestry Inspection
FR – Forest region
FA – Forest Administration of Montenegro
PFOA – Private Forest Owners’ Association

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2. PREFACE

Sustainable forest management is one of major contributions which forestry as a sector
can give towards the accomplishment of the defined goals of sustainable development of
any state.

This publication is intended to inform the professionals and the general public of the
way in which we will, by using joint efforts, be able to monitor the development of our
forest ecosystems and share information, data, and experience in forest management in
compliance with international guidelines for sustainable forest management developed
by the United Nations Commission on Environment and Development (UNCED).

The Conference of UNCED, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, set the basic principles for
sustainable forest management in terms of contribution to sustainable development.
“Forest Principles” and Chapter 11 of Agenda 21, adopted at the Conference, included
the commitment to implement sustainable management and utilisation of forests in
compliance with national development policies and priorities, as well as with
environmentally defined national guidelines which take into consideration, as needed
and if applicable, relevant internationally agreed methodologies and criteria (Principle 8
d).

We can conclude that this Conference, i.e. the documents adopted at the Conference,
vitally influenced the launch of numerous international and national initiatives for the
development of criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management. International
Tropical Timber Organisation (ITTO) was among the first to develop the criteria and
indicators for sustainable management of natural tropical forests. Subsequently, the
Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP), and World Conservation Union (IUCN) were significantly involved
in providing technical support to the development and implementation of criteria and
indicators for sustainable forest management. We particularly emphasise the
importance of Ministerial Conferences on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFEs),
i.e. the resolutions adopted at such Conferences, which commit Montenegro both
morally and politically, for the development of criteria and indicators of sustainable
forest management in Europe in compliance with the mentioned UNCED principles. In
this context, the most important document is the Lisbon Resolution L2 (1998), entitled
as “Pan-European Criteria, Indicators, and Operational Level Guidelines for Sustainable
Forest Management”, which presents also commitments and frameworks for the
development of national criteria and indicators.

It was for the first time in our legislation, in compliance with the Pan-European
guidelines, that the Law on Forests (Official Gazette of Montenegro 74/10) referred to
the implementation of criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management. The
Article 6 of the Law defines that “Forests and forest land, as ecosystem, shall be
administered and managed in a sustainable and multi functional manner in accordance
with the criteria and indicators defined by the Ministry”. This results in the commitment
to develop and adopt the criteria and indicators as general standards of sustainable
forest management in Montenegro.

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The process of drafting the document concerning the criteria and indicators started in
December 2010 with the preparation of the Terms of Reference by the international
consultant (Franc Ferlin). The ToR included the list of potential criteria and indicators
for Montenegro. The Working Group was established for this purpose and comprised the
local experts (Alija Bralic, Zehra Demic, Blazo Jokanovic, Dragan Markovic, Kenan Pepic,
Dragan Terzic, Joveta Terzic, and Zarko Vucinic). After being informed about related
international experiences and under the agreed methodology, and with the expert
support of the international consultant, they developed the technical bases for specific
aspects of criteria and indicators, with the expert support of the international
consultant. After the development and harmonisation of the technical bases for specific
aspects, the international consultant consolidated the content of the pre-draft of the
document »Operational Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management in
Montenegro« in March 2011. Subsequently, the pre-draft was considered and
harmonised within the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), which,
based on that, prepared the draft document for the public hearing, announced it on the
website of the National Forestry Programme of Montenegro (http://www.nsp-
cg.com/?jezik=m&meniId=12&opsirN=106), and sent it for consideration to other
institutions dealing with these issues. A one-day public hearing was held at the
beginning of July in Zabljak to discuss the draft document. Based on the outcome of the
public hearing and the opinion of the expert team, the final version of this document was
developed within the MARD with the support of the international consultant, and the
document was prepared for publication in this form.

All activities aimed at development and publication of this document were technically
and financially supported and coordinated by the Netherlands Development
Organisation SNV (via Mensura Nuhodzic). English translation has been assured by IPA
project “Forestry capacity building in Montenegro” (Samanta Toskovic and Dijana
Premovic). By publishing this document, MARD fulfils its international and national
commitment.

3. LEGAL BASIS AND DEFINITIONS

Criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management in accordance with the Law
on Forests (Article 6 paragraph 5) for the needs of management, monitoring and
evaluation of sustainability are adopted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development (MARD). These criteria and indicators determine, inter alia, also the extent
of sylvicultural works (compared to the volume of cutting) which forest owners and
users are obliged to perform (Article 50 paragraph 3).

The Criteria in this document represent the general guidelines, norms and manners
of action, work and conduct (in forestry profession, of forest owners and users and
third persons as beneficiaries of forest functions) in the forest and toward the forest,
and relate to all aspects of sustainability of forest administration and management.
Therefore, these criteria represent general standards of sustainable forest
administration and management and can be further linked to specific (more detailed)
technical standards for specific fields.

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Indicators in this document represent quantitative and qualitative parameters
which show the progress i.e. changes in accomplishment of specific criteria.

Criteria, and especially indicators, serve also as overall measuring tools for
monitoring and evaluation of forest condition as well as the quality and
sustainability of forest management.

Sources of verification are documents (analyses, insights, reports, minutes etc.) which
contain evaluations of certain indicators in terms of related criteria. In addition to these
documents, the main verification source will be the Report on Sustainability of Forest
Administration and Management which will be developed in compliance with the
related annual monitoring programme adopted by MARD (Article 47 paragraph 1 of the
Law on Forests).

4. CONCEPT OF DRAFTING CRITERIA AND INDICATORS
The contents of criteria and indicators (Chapter 5 of hereof) have been prepared in
tabular form and divided into two parts: (a) general standards and measuring tools
and (b) general conditions for sustainable forest management.

The criteria related to general standards and measuring tools for sustainable forest
management (6 in total, based on the Pan-European criteria) are divided into sub-
criteria (23 in total, in compliance with the adopted Pan-European criteria, operational
guidelines and national standards) and sub-criteria (90 in totals, in compliance with
national specialities). Indicators (255 in total) and sources of verification (over 90) have
been drafted at the sub-sub-criteria level in that case. There is one criterion which
relates to general (institutional and economic) conditions for sustainable forest
management and contains sub-criteria (6 in total) only. Indicators (11 in total) and
sources of verification (7 in total) have been drafted at the sub-criteria level in that case.

Essentially, the criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management in Montenegro
represent the framework for the future Forest and Forestry Development Strategy.
This Strategy should actually be developed before them, so that these criteria and
indicators could serve as measuring tools for monitoring and evaluation of
implementation of this Strategy. However, since the case here is opposite, the
development of this Strategy - based on the criteria and indicators which include all the
necessary aspects of sustainability of forest administration and management - will be
much facilitated.

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5. CONTENTS OF CRITERIA AND INDICATORS
5.1. GENERAL STANDARDS AND MEASURING TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT

Criterion 1: Maintenance and appropriate enhancement of forest resources and their contribution to global
carbon cycle

Sub-Criterion 1.1: Maintenance and appropriate improvement of areas under forests and
forest land and strengthening their productional, environmental and social functions -
taking into account the ownership, tree species, openness and purpose of forests and forest
land - by applying close-to-nature method of forest management in accordance with the
regulations, plans and programs and special technical standards.
Sub-Sub-Criterion Indicator Sources of verification
1.1.1. Maintaining and where possible, increasing 1.1.1.1. Area of forest and forest land and their changes Spatial plan of Montenegro
the total area of forests and forest land on the compared to the previous planning period, at the level
Regional plans
account of barren land, especially by planned use of FR/MU, presented according to the:
and directing natural processes of forest expansion, a) Ownership; National Forest Inventory
and also by artificial establishment of new forests in b) Forest cover types (forest, forest land, barren Forest Development Plan and
a way adjusted to natural conditions and land /trees out of the forest); Forest Management Programs
requirements of environmental, social and other c) Purpose;
forest functions. d) Forest origin; Aforestation Plan for not forested
e) Openness. land in Montenegro for the period
from 2005 – 2014
1.1.1.2. Extent and changes of forest and forest land
area (without barren land) compared to the (a) total Aforestation Projects reports on
terrestrial area and (b) previous planning period at the Implementation of Planning
level of FR/MU (for state and private ownership) Documents
1.1.1.3. Extent and changes of forest area compared to
(a) total area of forests and forest land and (b)

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previous planning period, at the level of FR/MU (for
state and private forests)
1.1.1.4. Area of new forests originating from natural
successions, in the level of FR/MU
1.1.1.5. Number and area of new forest cultures
compared to (a) all of the areas suitable for
aforestation and (b) the previous planning period, at
the level of FR/MU

1.1.2. Increasing the area of high forests by 1.1.2.1. Changes of area under high forests with National Forest Inventory
conversion of low, coppice forests and brushwood respect to (a) the total area of forests, (b) total area of
Forest Development Plan and
into the higher sylvicultural form in the way forests and forest land (without barren land) and (c)
Forest Management Programs
adjusted to natural conditions, in areas where it previous planning period, at the level of FR/MU (for
would be possible, in order to increase their state and private forests) Aforestation Projects
commercial, environmental or social value. Reports on Implementation of
1.1.2.2. Number and area of new forest cultures and
new stands of seed origin, established in coppice / low Planning Documents
forests and (other) forest land, with respect to (a)
entire area of those forests / land and (b) previous
planning period, at the level of FR/MU (for state and
private forests)

1.1.3. Increasing the openness of forests and forest 1.1.3.1. Extent and changes of area under forests and National Forest Inventory
land for sustainable utilization, wherever possible, forest land with respect to the previous planning
by building forest roads and skidding trails in period, at the level of FR/MU (for state and private
environmentally acceptable manner, aiming at forests), presented according to the following
increasing commercial and social value of those openness categories: (a) not open (0 – 5 m/ha), (b) Projects of Building Forest Roads
areas poorly open (5.1 - 10.0 m/ha), (c) moderately open Reviews of Implementation of
(10.1- 15.0 m/ha), (d) well open (15.1 – 20.0 m/ha) Planning Documents and Projects
and (e) very well open (above 20.0 m/ha)

1.1.4. Advancing the multi-functional approach in 1.1.4.1. Extent of the maps prepared at the level of Methodologies of Planning in
forestry by implementing integral planning of forest FR/MU with respect to the functions and forest Forestry, including the
development and management, including all of the purpose, presented per years methodology of forest-

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forests, forest land and barren land, regardless to 1.1.4.2. Area of forests according to the functions, development types
their ownership, based on contemporary content presented for prominent functions, at the level of
Maps of forest functions
and information grounds and forests types FR/MU
harmonized with European guidelines, by Maps of forest purposes
1.1.4.3. Area of forests according to the purpose and
introducing monitoring and by intensive Program of Elaboration of Planning
their changes with respect to previous planning
implementation of mapping and rational valuation Documents
period, (for state and private forests), at the level of
of functions, as well as proclamation of forests
FR/MU Program of setting up and
according to their purpose
1.1.4.4. Coverage of forests and forest land by planning upgrading electronic data bases
documentation: (forest information system)
a) forest development plan; Programs of work of FA and NP
b) forest management programs;
c) electronic data bases; Reports on Implementation of
d) digital maps (according to the topics) and Programs
changes in that coverage with respect to the previous
planning period, at the level of FR/MU
1.1.4.5. Area of forests presented according to the
forest development types, at the level of FR/MU

1.1.5. Restricting the changes of purpose of forests 1.1.5.1. Extent of forest purpose change, presented per Reports of FA and FI
and forest land into the other uses (under the years, at the level of MU
conditions where environmental, production or
1.1.5.2. Extent of completed parcel delineation,
social functions of forests are especially
presented per years, at the level of MU
prominent), delineating of forest parcels with
respect to ownership and implementing or 1.1.5.3. Extent of alienation / replacement of state
restricting any other activities related to forest land forests, presented per years, at the level of MU
utilization. 1.1.5.4. Extent of other stated activities, presented per
years, at the level of MU

1.1.6. Increasing the quantity and quality of 1.1.6.1. Degree of implementation of planned Reports on implementation of ten
implementation of planned activities, measures and activities/measures (in physical and financial sense), years and annual forest
works in enhancement of spatial aspects of forests with respect to planned extent, presented per years, at management plans
and forest land and their functions the level of FR/MU (for state and private forests)

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Sub-Criterion 1.2: Maintenance and enhancement of multi-purpose production potential of
forests as per their timber volume, structure and value - taking into account their ownership,
functions, purpose, openness, type and sylvicultural form - by applying the close-to-nature
method of forest management in accordance with the regulations, plans, programs and
special technical standards

Sub-Sub-Criterion Indicator Source of verification
1.2.1. Increasing the standing timber volume and 1.2.1.1. Timber volume and volume increment with
volume increment up to the optimal status, respect to (a) optimal status and (b) previous planning
especially in open (commercial) forests period, at the level of MU, presented according to the:
a) Vegetation cover types (forest, forest land,
barren land / trees outside forests);
b) Openness of forest area;
c) Purpose of forest and forest land;
d) Forest origin;
e) Main forest development types and
sylvicultural stand forms;
f) Main tree species.
National Forest Inventory
1.2.2. Improving the structure of all the forests, 1.2.2.1 Structure of timber volume according to
Forest Stand Inventories
especially in uneven-aged and single tree and group diameter classes with respect to the previous planning
selection stands, aiming at creating optimal period, at the level of MU (for state and private Forest Management Programs
diameter and volume structure on small areas forests), presented according to:
a) Openness of forest area;
b) Purpose of forest and forest land;
c) Origin of forests;
d) Main forest development types;
e) Groups of tree species.
1.2.2.2. Structure of number of trees according to
diameter classes in uneven-aged and selection stands
with respect to (a) normal condition and (b) previous
planning period, at the level of MU (for state and
private forests), presented according to :
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b) Purpose of forests;
c) Main forest development types;
d) Groups of tree species.

1.2.3. Increasing the extent and quality of high 1.2.3.1. Extent of the respective sylvicultural forms of National Forest Inventory
uneven-aged (on the account of even-aged), single stands in accessible commercial forests with respect to
(on the account of uneven-aged) and group- (a) all of the high commercial forests and (b) previous
selection stands (on the account of uneven-aged and planning period, at the level of MU (for state and Forest Management Programs
tree selection), by applying advanced management private forests) Book of marking of trees for felling
methods, such as step-wise regeneration under
1.2.3.2. Extent of application of advanced forest Minutes of the Commission about
shelter, single tree and group selection, and/or
management methods in practice (within marking of reviewing the marking of trees
their combinations
trees for felling), with respect to previous planning
period, at the level of MU (for state and private forests) Minutes on technical acceptance of
harvesting sites

1.2.4. Increasing the extent and quality of 1.2.4.1. Percentage of transitional sylvicultural forms
transitional sylvicultural forms of stands that are of stands (per area) from low into a higher form, of
converted from lower into the higher sylvicultural those on smaller areas, with respect to (a) all of the
form by indirect conversion of coppice forests, coppice commercial forests and (b) previous planning National Forest Inventory
especially in smaller areas period, at the level of MU (for state and private forests) Forest Stand Inventories
1.2.4.2. Extent and percentage of executed indirect Forest Management Programs
conversion of forests with respect to total extent of
conversion, presented as per years, at the level of MU Operational Projects
(for state and private forests) Forest Conversion Projects
1.2.5. Increasing the extent and quality of 1.2.5.1. Percentage of transitional sylvicultural forms Book of marking of trees for felling
transitional sylvicultural forms of high forests, that of stands (per area) from even-aged into the uneven- Minutes of Commissions about
are converted from even-aged into the uneven-aged aged form with respect to (a) high commercial forests reviewing the marking
ones by applying structural thinnings of low and (b) previous planning period, at the level of MU
intensity, aiming at accumulation of increment and (for state and private forests) Minutes of accepting the harvesting
encouragement of structuring of stands (vertical sites
1.2.5.2. Extent of executed structural thinning in even-
and horizontal)
aged stands, presented per years, at the level of MU

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(for state and private forests)

1.2.6. Providing appropriate extent and quality of 1.2.6.1. Extent of works executed on aforestation, Forest Development Programs
aforestation and complementing of forest cultures complementing and tending of the young cultures,
Aforestation Projects
on barren land by selecting tree species adjusted to presented per years, at the level of MU (for state and
site conditions, qualitative reproductive material private forests) Aforestation Plan for not forested
and carrying out qualitative planting, and by land in Montenegro for the period
1.2.6.2. Extent of new cultures at the level of MU (for
providing appropriate extent of tending and of 2005 - 2014
state and private forests), with respect to previous
protection of young cultures, for purposes of Reviews of implementation of
planning period, presented per:
establishing qualitative, mixed and stable adult planning documents and projects
a) Tree species used for aforestation;
stands
b) Mixture of cultures (pure, with 2 -3, with 4 -5
species ...) and method of mixing (individually,
in groups);
c) Method (planting, sowing) and aforestation
technique;
d) Quality or success of aforestation.

1.2.7. Providing appropriate extent and quality of 1.2.7.1. Extent of executed works on preparation of Forest Stand Inventories
natural regeneration and its complementing in mature stands for natural regeneration and its
mature stands of high and coppice origin, already complementing, especially for high and coppice
defined for regeneration, by applying adjusted forests, presented per years, at the level of MU (for Operational projects
methods and techniques of regeneration, especially state and private forests) Minutes on technical acceptance of
in smaller areas, aiming at establishing as works
1.2.7.2. Extent of regeneration nucleus in stands,
qualitative and stable as they can be, the new,
especially for high and coppice forests, with respect to
uneven-aged stands
the entire area planned for regeneration, at the level of
MU (for state and private forests)
1.2.7.3. Extent of mature stands defined for
regeneration (high and coppice forests), with respect
to previous planning period, at the level of MU (for
1.2.7.4. Extent of application of individual methods of
natural regeneration (clear felling, large and small-
scale regeneration felling with shorter regeneration

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period, cluster and group-wise gradual felling with
longer regeneration period), especially for high and
coppice forests, presented per years, at the level of MU
(for state and private forests)

1.2.8. Improving quality and stability of younger 1.2.8.1. Percentage of qualitatively established young Forest Stand Inventories
development stages of stands (sapling, thicket and development stages of stands, with respect to their
young pole stage) of high and coppice origin, by entire area, especially for high and coppice forests, at
applying appropriate measures and techniques of the level of MU (for state and private forests) Operational Projects
forest tending (negative and positive selection) Minutes on Technical Acceptance of
1.2.8.2. Extent of executed individual tending
measures, especially for high and coppice forests, Works
presented per years, at the level of MU (for state and
private forests)

1.2.9. Improving quality and stability of middle- 1.2.9.1. Share of quality and stable middle-aged high
aged stands of high origin having appropriate stands in open commercial forests, with respect to the National Forest Inventory
sylvicultural potential, by applying measures of entire area of that development stage, at the level of
high selective thinning, that is, the principle of MU (for state and private forests) Forest Stand Inventories
positive selection, in order to achieve more optimal Forest Management Programs
1.2.9.2. Extent of executed thinnings in those stands,
commercial and environmental effect
presented per years, at the level of MU (for state and Operational Projects
private forests)
Book of marking of trees for felling
1.2.10. Improving quality of middle-aged stands of 1.2.10.1. Share of quality middle-aged coppice stands Minutes of Commissions about
coppice origin by converting those forests into high in open commercial forests with respect to the entire reviewing the marking
ones through application of selective thinning area of these stands, at the level of MU (for state and
measures, combining principles of positive and private forests) Minutes on technical acceptance
negative selection the harvesting sites
1.2.10.2. Extent of executed thinning in those stands,
private forests)

1.2.11. Improving mixture of uniform forests of all 1.2.11.1. Areal share of individual types of stands National Forest Inventory
ages, sylvicultural forms and development stages, mixture (pure, with 2 - 3, with 4 - 5, with 6 -10
through sylvicultural measures and techniques species), with respect to previous planning period,
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particularly encouraging development of noble and presented for categories of forests, according to: Analysis of implementation of
other rare tree species, aiming at obtaining optimal, a) Purpose; planning documents
site adjusted mixture b) Origin;
d) Development stages of stands.
1.2.11.2. Volume share of individual tree species (all
possible ones that we have the inventory for), with
respect to previous planning period, presented for
categories of forests, according to:
a) Purpose;
b) Origin;
d) Development stages of stands.

1.2.12. Decreasing the extent of devastated / 1.2.12.1. Extent and changes of total area of devastated National Forest Inventory
degraded forests of high and coppice origin due to / degraded forests according to (a) origin of forests
their not planned utilization, especially by applying and (b) type of degradation, with respect to previous
natural way of forest reconstruction planning period, at the level of MU (for state and Forest Development Plan and
private forests) Forest Management Programs
1.2.12.2. Number and extent of implemented Reconstruction projects of
reconstruction projects for these forests with respect devastated / degraded forests
to all the devastated / degraded areas, presented per Minutes on technical acceptance of
years, at the level of MU (for state and private forests) works
1.2.12.3. Extent of forest reconstruction measures Analysis of implementation of
implemented, presented per (a) origin of forests and planning documents
(b) reconstruction types (natural, artificial) and (c) per
years, at the level of MU (for state and private forests)

1.2.13. Conserving and enhancing the potential of 1.2.13.1. Extent and changes (per area and/ or volume) Inventories of trees outside of the
individual trees and groups of trees outside of the in conditions of trees outside of the forest, with respect forest
forest for purposes of meeting their environmental to previous planning period, at the level of MU (for
Annual reports of FA on harvesting
and social functions, especially by directing natural state and private land)
(for MONSTAT needs)
processes and, if needed, additional sylvicultural
1.2.13.2. Extent of those sylvicultural measures per

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measures years, at the level of MU (for state and private land)

1.2.14. Increasing the level of realisation of planned 1.2.14.1. Percentage of implementation of planned Reports on implementation of 10-
activities, measures and works on enhancing the works on improving the production potential of forests years plans and annual forest
production potential of forests, including (in physical and financial sense), presented per years, management programs,
obligations of forest owners and users for at the level of MU (for state and private forests) operational projects and
execution of sylvicultural works (reference to 1.1.2., administrative decisions on
1.2.14.2. Percentage of implementation of sylvicultural
1.2.4., 1.2.6., 1.2.7., 1.2.8., 1.2.9. and 1.2.10.) to the harvesting
works (in physical sense) which is defined in
extent which is proportionate to the extent of
accordance with the extent of harvesting, presented
harvesting, depending on forest types, species and
per years, at the level of MU (for state and private
development stages of stands, in accordance with
forests)
special criteria*

*Special Criteria for Proportionality of sylvicultural works with respect to extent of harvesting, depending on forest types, species and development
stages of stands, in accordance with the Forest law, are as follows:
a) Executing planting and, if needed, complementing of plantations and their tending, within the extent of minimum 75% (not regenerated) area,
incurred after planned clear forest felling (due to regeneration, reconstruction or conversion);
b) Executing tending of natural sapling or thicket stage, „released“ after the final forest felling (because of regeneration, reconstruction or conversion),
within the extent of minimum 75% of that (regenerated) area;
c) Executing tending of natural sapling and thicket stage, including forest culture of that age, within the framework of even-aged and large-scale
uneven-aged stands, separated from mature stands where regeneration felling is done, within the extent of minimum 75% of area of these felling;
d) Executing tending of natural sapling and thicket stages, including forest culture of that age, that are mixed with grown up and mature stages within
the group uneven-aged and group selection stands where felling is done, within the extent of minimum 75% of area of these young development
stages, that is, regeneration nucleuses;
e) Executing non-commercial sylvicultural felling in high forests, within the extent of minimum 25% of area of commercial felling in those forests; if
there are no areas of stands for implementing non commercial sylvicultural felling in high forests, or not enough of them, executing of the
sylvicultural felling and/or their remaining extent (up to those 25%) in coppice forests;
f) Executing non-commercial sylvicultural felling in coppice forests, if only those forests are subject of management, within the extent of minimum
25% of wood volume of commercial felling of coppice forests, as well as
g) Executing aforestation of barren land suitable for that purpose, if subject of management is that land, in the extent of minimum 3% of commercial
felling area.

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Sub-Criterion 1.3: Strengthening contribution of forest resources to global carbon balance
and mitigation of climate changes by enhancing the production potential of forests and
production of woody mass / biomass for energy purposes

1.3.1. Increasing the quantity of stored forest 1.3.1.1. Total quantity of stored carbon and changes National Forest Inventory
carbon and absorption capacity of forests in forest with respect to previous planning period, at the level
regions and stands, through increasing the areal of FR/MU, presented per:
extent and improving quality of forest cover a) Forest cover types (forests, forest land, barren Forest Development Plan and
(reference to 1.1.1. – 1.1.2.), and especially through land / trees outside forests); Forest Management Programs
increase of standing timber volume and improving b) Origin of forests, Estimates of forest carbon
horizontal and vertical forest structure (reference c) Main forest development types; quantities based on CDM
to 1.2.1. – 1.2.5.) d) Groups of tree species. methodology
Reports on meeting the
commitments according to Kyoto
protocol

1.3.2. Establishing the planning and information 1.3.2.1. Estimation of availability of potential and offer Special Studies
conditions for intensifying production of wood of of forest biomass products, at local level
Operational Projects
poorer quality and woody biomass in forests
1.3.2.2. Set up database for forest biomass, at local
(reference to 3.3.2. and 3.3.3.), on the account of Commission reports on technical
level of FA
increased extent of sylvicultural felling in high and acceptance of felling sites
coppice forests, reconstruction of degraded forests 1.3.2.3. Extent of production and marketing of pulp
Annual reports of FA and NP
and sanitary felling (reference to 1.1.2., 1.2.9., and fuel wood and woody biomass in forests,
1.2.10. and 1.2.12.), and reduction of wood residues presented per years, at the level of FR/MU (state and Annual Statistical Reports
in forests (reference to 3.3.2.), with intensification private forests) (MONSTAT)
of appurtenant extension activities for forest 1.3.2.4. Quantity of wood residue in forests after
owners and contractors and priority allocation of felling, for conifers and broadleaves, per years, at the
budgetary funds / incentives for these measures level of MU (state and private forests)
1.3.2.5. Sorts and extent of implemented extension
18

activities, connected to the above-stated purposes, per
years, at local level of FA
1.3.2.6. Number of forest owners and contractors who
are educated in sustainable utilization of biomass, per
1.3.2.7. Extent and share of budgetary, that is,
incentive funds with respect to all of the incentive
funds intended for forests, allocated for given
purposes, per years, at local level of FA

1.3.3. Promoting the development of processing of 1.3.3.1. Extent of production of pulpwood and other Annual Statistical Reports
pulp and other (poorer, smaller) wood and woody poorer wood and woody biomass, charcoal, chips, (MONSTAT)
biomass from forests, and from the wood residues briquettes and pellets, per years, at local level
from roundwood processing, into new biomass
products with added value (charcoal, chips,
briquettes and pellets), at local level

1.3.4. Intensifying the cooperation with all the 1.3.4.1. Extent of activities (of FA local units) with Annual reports of FA and other
stakeholders within the chain of production and use interested buyers of pulpwood and woody biomass institutions that are related to use
of woody mass / biomass, aiming at promoting and (potential) users of products obtained from woody of biomass
usage of all the forms of woody mass / biomass for biomass in the country and abroad
Programs and projects of use of
energy purposes, striving for establishing market of
1.3.4.2. Number of interested entrepreneurs for biomass for energy purposes
products made of biomass, and actual increase in
building of capacities for processing of pulpwood and
extent of woody mass / biomass use for those Programs of energy efficiency
woody biomass, as well as number of interested
purposes Surveys of processors and users (of
biomass products users, presented according to a
potential extent of biomass, at local level of FA products from) biomass
1.3.4.3. Number of institutions, programs and projects Register of activities of institutions
within the chain of processing, marketing and using of and enterprises
woody mass / biomass for energy purposes, at local Annual statistical reports
level (MONSTAT)
1.3.4.4. Extent of trade in woody biomass products at
local level

19

1.3.4.5. Extent of woody mass usage for energy
purposes as per the product sorts (pulpwood and
other non-quality wood, fuel wood, wood residues
from forest, wood residues from processing, charcoal,
chips, briquettes, pellets), as per the years, at local
level
1.3.4.6. Share of energy generated from wood in total
energy consumption, as per years, at local level

20

Criterion 2: Maintenance of health and vitality of forest ecosystem

Sub-Criterion 2.1: Maintenance of health, biological stability, vitality and resistance of
forests by application of close-to-nature method of forest management, which integrates
both sylvicultural measures and measures of preventive forest protection

2.1.1. Appreciating the principle of close-to-nature 2.1.1.1. Share of forests in which, within the forest Stand inventories
forest management (such as maintenance of management practice, natural mechanisms and
Tree marking books, including
natural structure; use of natural regeneration and processes are respected, at the level of MU (for state
sanitary felling
successions, selection of tree species adjusted to and private forests)
forest site; encouraging natural mixture of stands Commissions’ minutes about
2.1.1.2. Extent of sanitary felling within the regularly
and forest cultures; using mechanisms of natural reviewing the marking of trees
planned felling, presented per years, at the level of
selection and sylvicultural - protection role of old Commissions‘ minutes about
MU (for state and private forests)
trees’ shelter; appreciation of tree vitality, technical acceptance of works /
especially in the context of climate changes and air felling sites
pollution) in planning and forest management
practice, including implementation of certain Annual programs and reports of FA,
preventive protection measures, integrated into NP and FI
the system of regular forest management Expert evaluation of respecting the
principles of close-to-nature
management

2.1.2. Monitoring the health condition and damage 2.1.2.1. Implementation status of monitoring program Annual monitoring program and its
of forests, especially due to the impact of plant at the level of FR/MU (for state and private forests) implementation
diseases and pests, climate changes, air pollution,
2.1.2.2. Status and changes of forests, with respect to Annual reports of FA, FI and NP
forestry activities and pastures, including setting
the previous planning period, at the level of FR/MU
up of decentralized databases, at local level, in Special inventories and reports on
(for state and private forests) from aspect of:
accordance with regulations. forest status (ICP etc.)
a) Defoliation of crowns (due to climate changes
21

and air pollution); Current reports on appearance of
b) Mechanical damages of trees (due to the harmful effects
impact of forestry activities);
c) Damages of natural regeneration and trees
(due to the impact of cattle and wildlife).

2.1.3. Establishing the proper forest order and 2.1.3.1. Number and area of felling sites (sub- Annual programs and reports of FA,
control of felling sites and forests, in accordance compartments/parcels) where forest order has been FI and NP
with the contemporary understanding of forest properly introduced, presented per years, at the level
Minutes on technical acceptance of
order and environmental role of wood residues, of MU (for state and private forests)
executed works after felling
that is, dead dendro-mass in the forest (reference
2.1.3.2. Number and area of felling sites (sub-
to 4.1.4.)
compartments/parcels) with wood assortments with
bark after the completed felling, presented per years,
at the level of MU (for state and private forests)
2.1.3.3. Number and area of felling site (sub-
compartment/parcels) with planned wood residue
left behind (knotty or decayed trees), presented per
years, at the level of MU (for state and private forests)

2.1.4. Increasing the extent and quality of 2.1.4.1. Percentage of implementation of certain Reports on implementation of 10-
implementation of all the planned and necessary activities / measures and in total (presented in years and annual forest
activities, measures and works in all aspects of physical and financial indicators), with respect to the management programs (protection,
protection, conservation and restoration of forest planned/ necessary extent, presented per years, at the conservation and restoration plans)
level of FR/MU (for state and private forests)

22

Sub-Criterion 2.2: Maintenance of health, biologic stability and resistance of forests by
applying measures of preventive protection, suppression of diseases and pests and
restoration of damaged forests in accordance with regulations, plans and special technical
standards

2.2.1. Carrying out the preventive activities and 2.2.1.1. Extent of established potential focal points of Annual reports of FA, FI and NP
measures of forest protection against diseases and appearance of diseases and forest pests as per
Current reports on phenomena of
pests, monitoring, as well as application of individual species, presented per years, at the level of
harmful effects
measures of immediate protection against MU (for state and private forests)
appearance of diseases and pests, including their Annual monitoring program and its
2.2.1.2. Extent of executed preventive (e.g. positioning
suppression implementation
trap trees and/or pheromones for bark beetles) and
direct measures on controlling diseases and pests (per
sorts of measures), presented per years, at the level of
MU

2.2.2. Carrying out the preventive activities and 2.2.2.1. Number in early phase of discovered and Map of forest fire threats
measures of forest protection against fires controlled forest fires (by FA), presented per years, at
Plan of forest protection against
(development of maps of level of fire threat per the level of FR/MU
fire
individual sites and enacting of fire protection
2.2.2.2. Number and extent of forest fires presented per
plan for forests, development and maintenance of Annual Forest Management
years, at the level of FR/MU
against-fire lines and strip cuts, organizing service Programs
of observation and notification during the fire 2.2.2.3. Extent of executed preventive activities (by FA)
Program of work of the FA and NP
season, education and improving cooperation with and measures of fire protection (per sorts of measures),
forest owners, local population and competent presented per years, at the level of FR/MU Annual monitoring program
institutions, prohibition for starting an open fire 2.2.2.4. Number of interested parties, media and Reports of FA, NP, FI and fire
etc..) and providing support in preventing persons who during the fire season have taken part in brigade units
spreading and suppression the fires that started (a) fire protection campaigns and (b) preventing of fire
spreading, presented per years, at local level
2.2.2.5. Sorts and extent of activities performed in
educating forest owners and other population with
23

regard to fire protection, presented per years, at local
level

2.2.3. Carrying out the preventive activities on 2.2.3.1. Extent (per area and volume) of illegal logging National Forest Inventory
illegal logging and other illegal activities in forests in forests quoted per sorts of felling (clear felling, large-
Inventories of illegal logging
(including establishment and maintenance of scale felling, other illegal felling) with respect to
“green” phone and cooperation with competent planned felling, presented per years, at the level of MU National Plan of combating against
institutions), executing continuous forest (for state and private forests) illegal activities in forestry
monitoring, preventing, tracking and valuation of Map of the forest threat from illegal
2.2.3.2. Number and extent of usurpation of forests and
illegal activities, in accordance with special action logging
forest land, presented per years, at the level of MU.
plan
2.2.3.3. Number of interested parties and persons who Program of work of FA, NP and FI
took part in reporting of illegal logging, presented per Reports of FA, NP and FI

2.2.4. Carrying out sanitary felling in damaged 2.2.4.1. Extent and intensity of sanitary felling (per Annual Forest Management
stands (due to unfavourable impact of climate causes) that are not integrated in regular felling, Programs
changes, air pollution, diseases and pests, natural presented with respect to (a) stand timber volume and
Annual Reports of FA and NP
disasters etc.) in the intensity adjusted to negative (b) extent of regular felling, per years, at the level of MU
level of impact and physiological resistance of (for state and private forests) Annual reports on forest dieback
trees; in case of damages on trees due to negative Book of marking of trees for
2.2.4.2. Share of trees marked for sanitary felling due to
impact of climate changes and air pollution, as a sanitary felling
the impact of climate changes and air pollution,
rule only by removing trees with the most serious
presented separately for (a) dead and (b) damaged
degree of damage.
trees, per years, at the level of MU (for state and private
forests)

2.2.5. Implementation of restoration plan for 2.2.5.1. Extent of plan and executed measures of forest Plan of forest restoration and its
damaged stands by removing damaged trees and restoration, presented per types of damages and types implementation
preparing stand and soil, by selecting tree species of measures, with respect to total extent of damaged
Program of work of FA and NP
that are adjusted to site conditions and by using forests, per years, at the level of MU (for state and
adjusted restoration methods, respecting the private forests) FI report
remaining, undamaged parts of stands

24

Sub-Criterion 2.3: Preserving forest environment by minimizing negative forest impacts in
accordance with regulations, plans and special technical standards

2.3.1. Minimizing negative impact of forest activities 2.1.3.1. Extent and share of stands (sub-compartment Operational Projects
on forest ecosystem (regeneration, soil, stand, / parcels) with strong impact of forest activities,
Projects of forest infrastructure
habitat, other plant and animal species) by using presented per sorts of activities and years at the level
development
environmentally acceptable technologies, technical of MU (for state and private forests)
assets and adjusted method of executing works in Minutes on technical acceptance of
forest utilization and building of forest 2.1.3.2. Extent of building of forest infrastructure forest works and building of forest
infrastructure , in space and time, in order to facilities which had a strong impact on forest infrastructure
respect the requirements and needs of other, ecosystem, presented per years, at the level of MU (for Reports of FA, FI and EI
especially endangered plant and animal species, by state and private forests)
implementation of extension activities and
monitoring, as well as by preventing those forest
activities endangering forest ecosystem

2.3.2. Minimizing negative impact of pasturing and 2.3.2.1. Extent of executed preventive measures on Forest Development Plan and
wildlife on forest ecosystem (progeny, stand and protecting the forest regeneration and trees, presented forest management programs
other plant species) (reference to 3.4.2.), by per years, at the level of FR/MU (for state and private
Annual programs of forest
application of appropriate preventive protection forests)
management
measures (for progeny and trees), by monitoring
2.3.2.2. Extent and share of forest areas with strong
degree of damage at progeny and trees by Reports of FA, National parks, FI
impact of (a) pasturing and (b)wildlife, with respect to
monitoring and preventing execution of pasture if and EI
previous planning period, at the level of FR/MU (for
threatening the forest ecosystem

2.3.3. Ensuring the use of environmentally 2.3.3.1. Type, purpose and extent of chemical agents Forest Management Programs
acceptable (permitted by international used in forests, presented per years, at the level of
Plan of diseases and pests control
conventions) chemical agents in forests for FR/MU
suppression diseases and pests, protection of Reports of FA, FI and EI

25

sprouts against the cattle and wildlife and
preventing fires, monitoring these activities and
preventing usage of not allowed agents

2.3.4. Inventorying the illegal waste disposal’ sites 2.3.4.1. Number and extent of illegal waste disposal Cartographic records of established
in forests, monitoring and guiding removal of sites in forests (distinguished in large and small waste disposal sites in the forest
illegally disposed waste (as a commitment of forest waste), at the level of FR/MU
Program of work of FA and NP
owner and user), establishing a places for proper
2.3.4.2. Extent of removed waste from the forests,
disposal of forest waste (for visitors' needs) and Reports of FA, NP, FI and EI
presented per years, at the level of FR/MU (for state
prevention of further illegal waste disposal in
and private forests)
forests
2.3.4.3. Number of ensured proper waste disposal sites
in the forests intended for visitors’ needs, at the level
of FR/MU (for state and private forests)
2.3.4.4. Number of identified attempts of illegal waste
disposal in forests, presented per years, at the level of
MU

26

Criterion 3: Maintenance and enhancement of forest production functions (wood and non-wood)

Sub-Criterion 3.1: Enhancement of forest production functions by improving openness of
forests in accordance with natural, technological and commercial possibilities, regulations,
programs and special technical standards


3.1.1 Increasing openness of forests by building 3.1.1.1. Openness of forests by forest roads (m/ha),
forest roads for the needs of forest management with respect to previous planning period, at the level
and specific public purposes, in as optimal extent of MU (state and private forests)
and quality as possible (smaller inclinations, larger Forest Development Plans and
3.1.1.2. Length and changes of average road transport
radiuses of curves, hardened foundation and proper Forest Management Programs
distance and average costs of wood transport (per m3),
construction of a road body, including drainage and Projects of Building forest roads
with respect to previous planning period, at the level
stabilization of slopes), by application of and skidding trails
of MU (state and private forests)
technologies and technical means for building,
minimizing impact on forest ecosystem in order to 3.1.1.3. Extent of newly built forest infrastructure, Operational Projects
ensure as rational access and transport of forest presented per origin of forests and years, at the level of Commissions Reports on
products as possible MU (state and private forests) Supervision / acceptance of
building and maintenance of roads
3.1.2. Increasing openness of forests by building 3.1.2.1. Openness of forests by existing skidding trails and skidding trails
forest skidding trails for forest management needs, (m/ha), with respect to previous planning period, at
in as optimal extent and quality as possible, by the level of MU (state and private forests) Annual Reports of FA and NP
using technologies and technical means for Reviews of implementation of
3.1.2.2. Length and changes of average distance for
building, minimizing impact on forest ecosystem, in planning documents and projects
skidding wood assortments and average skidding costs
order to ensure as rational transport of wood
(per m3), with respect to previous planning period, at Annual Reports of FA and NP
assortments to the forest road as possible
the level of MU (state and private forests)
3.1.2.2. Extent of development of forest skidding trails
presented per origin of forests and years, at the level of

27

MU (state and private forests)

3.1.3. Gradual introduction of new technical means 3.1.3.1. Extent of skidding or carrying out wood Special surveys / reviews
for transporting wood assortments, in accordance assortments by (a) older and (b) newer technical
FA Annual Reports on forest
with environmental requirements and advanced equipment, at the level of MU (state and private
management
possibilities for contemporary built forest roads forests)
and skidding trails
3.1.3.2. Extent of transporting the wood assortments
by (a) older and (b) newer technical equipment, at the
level of MU

3.1.4. Increasing the extent and quality of 3.1.4.1. Extent of maintenance and reconstruction of Annual programs of maintenance
maintenance and reconstruction of forest (a) forest roads, within it the roads in public interest, of forest roads owned by state
infrastructure for the forest management needs and and (b) skidding trails, presented per years, at the
FA Annual Reports on building of
certain public purposes, especially of forest roads, level of MU (state and private forests)
forest roads
in the manner that such roads are permanently
3.1.4.2. Length of forest roads that are permanently
operational
operational, at the level of MU (state and private)

3.1.5. Promoting establishing the joint Fund for 3.1.5.1. Setting up the fund and extent of funds Special Reports
building and maintenance of forest roads , by state collected for that purpose at local level
forests users, private forest owners and local
communities

28

Sub-Criterion 3.2: Enhancement of production functions of forests by increasing the possible
extent of utilization of wood products, along with improvement of methodology of forest
management planning and marking of trees for felling, in accordance with production
potential and sylvicultural and market needs, regulations, programs and special technical
standards

3.2.1 Increasing the allowable cut and 3.2.1.1. Level of yield (allowable cut) with respect to Forest Management Programs
diversifying of its structure on the account of production potential (site class) of forests and the (Annual and 10-years)
forests that are anticipated to be opened as well previous planning period, at the level of MU (for state and
as more intensive sylvicultural felling in middle- private forests), presented per:
aged stands of high and coppice forests a) Forest cover types (forest, forest land, barren land
/ trees outside forests);
b) Openness of forest area;
c) Purpose of forest and forest land;
d) Forest origin;
e) Main forest development types;
3.2.1.2. Structure of yield (allowable cut) per sorts of
yield, with respect to previous planning period, at the
level of MU (for state and private forests), presented per:
b) Purpose of forests and forest land;
d) Main forest development types;
e) Main tree species.

3.2.2. Introducing flexibility with regard to the 3.2.2.1. Share of felling sites (per area and wood volume), Operational Projects
possible extent of marking of trees for felling, where the permitted deviations regarding the extent of
Book of marking of trees for felling
and/or realisation of felling at the level of sub- felling were used, as well as extent of those (±) deviations,
compartment or parcel, in framework of the at the level of MU (for state and private forests) Commissions’ Reports on
generally planned extent (by forest management reviewing the marking of trees
program) aiming at adjusting the level of
29

harvesting to realistic needs and possibilities
within the specific stands, within the permitted
deviation of ± 20% from the planned extent

3.2.3. Application of improved forest 3.2.3.1. Quantity of (gross) marked standing volume per Forest Management Programs
management systems (reference to 1.2.3. – years, at the level of MU (for state and private forests),
1.2.10.) through marking the trees for felling on presented according to:
contemporary principles of forest tending, which a) Forest cover types (forest, forest land, barren land Book of marking of trees for felling
is given a special emphasis through education of / trees outside forests);
Commissions’ Reports on
forestry staff and which – along with improving b) Openness of forest area;
reviewing the marking of trees
the quality of stands – enables production of c) Purpose of forest and forest land;
more qualitative assortments d) Forest origin; Annual Reports of FA and NP
e) Main forest development types; Analysis of implementation of
planning documents and projects
g) Sorts of felling (main, thinning, reconstructions
and conversions, sanitary and restoration felling,
others).
3.2.3.2. Structure of (gross) marked standing volume per
diameter classes and years, at the level of MU (for state
and private forests), presented according to:
b) Purpose of forests and forest land;
d) Main forest development types and sylvicultural
forms of stands;
e) Groups of tree species.
3.2.3.3. Share of the felling sites (per area and
volume),where marking of trees was done on modern
principles of sylviculture/tending, presented per years, at
the level of MU (for state and private forests)
3.2.3.4. Share of the marked standing volume presented
according to reasons for felling (sylvicultural, sanitary,
other) on specified sample of harvesting sites, presented
per years, at the level of MU (for state and private forests)

30

Sub-Criterion 3.3: Enhancement production functions of forests by increasing the realised
extent of utilization of wood products, along with improvement of technology, quality and
efficiency of executing forest operations and by improving projecting, rationalising of
administrative procedures and also by introducing automatic tracking of wood origin, in
accordance with environmental requirements, commercial possibilities and market needs,
regulations, programs and special technical standards
3.3.1. Increasing the realised extent of 3.3.1.1. Proportion of (gross) realisation of harvesting and Forest Management Programs
harvesting within the planned one, that is, within yield (allowable cut), per years of felling and in total, at (Annual and ten-year)
the allowable extent, especially on the account of the level of MU (for state and private forests), presented
Reports on implementation of
sylvicultural felling in recently opened forests according to:
planning documents
and more intense sylvicultural felling in middle- a) Openness of forest area;
aged stands of high and coppice forests b) Origin of forests;
c) Groups of tree species;
d) Sorts of felling.

3.3.2. Increasing the level of utilization of felled 3.3.2.1. Proportion of marked (gross) and harvested (net) Reports on technical acceptance of
timber within the forest, especially on the standing volume per years of harvesting and in total, at felling sites
account of working out tiny and poorer quality the level of MU (for state and private forests) presented
wood according to:
a) Openness of forest area; Annual statistical reports
b) Origin of forests; (MONSTAT)
c) Groups of tree species;
d) Sorts of felling.

3.3.3. Improving the qualitative structure of 3.3.3.1. Structure of wood assortments including biomass, Reports on technical acceptance of
wood assortments, especially by performing as per the years of harvesting and in total, at the level of felling sites
their more optimal tailoring, which is given a MU (for state and private forests), presented according
special emphasis through education of personnel to:
a) Openness of forest area; Annual statistical Reports
b) Origin of forests; (MONSTAT)

31

d) Groups of tree species.
3.3.3.2. Share of felling sites (per area and volume), in
which optimal tailoring of wood assortments was
executed, per years of harvesting, at the level of MU (for

3.3.4. Step-wise introducing more up-to-date 3.3.4.1. Number and areal share of felling sites, on which Forest Management Programs
technologies of forest utilization, such as (a) the current and (b) the new forest utilization
mechanized harvesting and carrying out of wood technologies are used, presented per sorts of technologies
assortments, cable or cable-rope skidding of and years of harvesting, at the level of MU (for state and Annual Reports of FA
wood assortments under the conditions where it private forests)
is technologically possible, economically feasible
and environmentally acceptable, as well as
advanced use of existing technologies, with
preservation of animal technology under the
conditions where it is still acceptable, especially
in private forests

3.3.5. Developing more quality and adjusted (to 3.3.5.1. Number and areal share of the contemporary Reviews of operational projects
stand and technological requirements) projects from informational aspect, with respect to all
Annual Reports on work of FA and
operational projects, which are based on operational projects, at the level of MU (for state and
NP
contemporary informational grounds, as well as private forests)
norms for executing forestry operations, in order
3.3.5.2. Number and areal share of felling sites where
to ensure a rational and efficient forest
norms for production of wood assortments are applied,
utilization
private forests)
3.3.5.3. Number and share of felling sites where
utilization phases are executed more efficiently than the
standardized ones, with preserved composition of stand
and land, presented per years, at the level of MU (for state
and private forests)

3.3.6. Ensuring the performed marking of trees 3.3.6.1. Share of felling sites (per area and volume) on Decision for harvesting

32

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