TESOL Methods - TBLT, Eclectic, communicative,

3. The universe had a beginning.

4. Therefore, the universe had a cause.

6. The universe had a beginning.

7. Therefore, the universe had a cause. EDT 341 Week 4 Premise 1: The Law of Causality - Science is a search for causes Premise 2: The universe had a beginning: The SURGE S- The Second Law of Thermodynamics – The law of Entropy U- The Universe is Expanding Time and matter came into being as a result of the Big Bang -- Before this there was no matter or time -- Nothing is what rocks dream about R- The Radiation from the Big Bang - No other explanation for the background radiation except for the Big Bang G- The Great Galaxy Seeds -- The ripples of temperature that allowed for the formation of planets. The Cosmic Background Explorer COBE- - found the ripples very precise Enough to all planets to form but not enough for the universe to collapse E- The Einstein Theory of Relativity

8. EDU353 Week 4 God and the Astronomers Astronomers now find that they have painted themselves into a corner because they have proven, by their own methods, that the world began abruptly in an act of creation to which you can trace the seeds of every star, every plant, every living thing in this cosmos and on the earth. And they have found that all this happened as a product of forces they cannot hope to discover . . . That there are what i or anyone would call supernatural forces at work is now I think scientifically proven”. There is no doubt that a parallel exists between the big bang as an event and the Christian notion of Creation from nothing

9. TESOL Methods & Materials Week 4 - Intrinsic Motivation EDT 341 Week 4 Defining Motivation Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation In Education In 2 nd Language Classroom

10. Behavioral definition – stresses the roles of reward Reinforcement theory - Reward reinforces the behavior Cognitive Definitions Drive Theory (Ausubel, 1968) – motivation from 6 basic human drives Hierarchy of needs theory (Maslow, 1970) Self-control Theory – (Hunt, 1971) – people are more motivated when they have control to make decisions Constructivist Theory- social construction of meaning, socially contrived view of motivation EDT 341 Week 4 Defining Motivation

11. Intrinsic Motivation Orientation – a context or purpose for learning Integrative orientation – learning a language for social/cultural purposes Instrumental orientation– learning a language for career/academic purposes Motivation – intensity of one's impetus to learn Intrinsic Motivation – no apparent reward for an activity except the activity itself. Extrinsic Motivation – some external reward outside of the activity EDT 341 Week 4

12. Intrinsic Motivation in Education Intrinsic Motivation in Education - p. 91 – Really?? Taught to fear failure? Why are sports, business, research, imbued with competition – with external motivation Do not throw the baby out with the bath water EDT 341 Week 4

13. Intrinsic Motivation in 2nd Language Class Intrinsic Motivation in Education Intrinsic Motivation in 2 nd Language Classroom EDT 341 Week 4 Teach as a thinking process – let them freely develop ideas Let students create their own reading materials Listen to authentic lecture – Good Grammar activities to increase autonomy

14. TESOL Methods & Materials 6 guidelines for intrinsically motivated teaching EDT 341 Week 4 Teachers are enablers not rewarders Teachers encourage autonomy not dependence Encourage personal ownership, goals learning strategies Learner-centered, cooperative teaching – Really?? Content-based activities Face-valid tests, narrative tests.

15. TESOL Methods & Materials Week 4 - Post Method Era EDT 341 Week 4 Homework Answer the questions on at iTuzi.net Read Chapter 4