Local Power, Local Control

1. Who We Are Energy Self-Reliant States@ the Ins)tute for Local Self-‐Reliance

2. Overview •  Why renewable energy? •  Why distributed genera7on? •  What’s in the way? •  What breaks the roadblocks?

3. Renewable Energy is Widespread Energy Self-‐Reliant States

6. Renewable Energy is Cost-‐Eﬀec7ve

7. What is distributed genera7on?

8. What is distributed genera7on? Distribu7on Any Size or Subtransmission < 80 MW Transmission

9. Myth 1 •  Distributed genera7on does not capture economies of scale

10. Economies of Scale: Solar PV Data from 70,000 California solar PV installa7ons Economies of Scale are Bullshit| Energy Self-‐Reliant States-‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/68kaf96

11. Economies of Scale: Wind Economies of Scale are Bullshit| Energy Self-‐Reliant States-‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/68kaf96

12. Myth 2 •  Distributed genera7on can’t scale up quickly

13. Distributed Genera7on Scales Up

14. Distributed Genera7on Scales Up 2010: 7,400 MW of Solar PV

15. Distributed Genera7on Scales Up

16. Distributed Genera7on Scales Up Total Capacity: 27,000 MW

17. Myth 3 •  Variable distributed genera7on is expensive to integrate into the electric grid

18. Solving Solar Variability with More Solar Solving Solars Variability with More Solar | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/65b5nyh

19. Solving Solar Variability They are seeing very li<le diﬀerence in the voltage levels, harmonics, and overall power quality between the diﬀerent scenarios. These preliminary results suggest that u)li)es could go to very high levels of PV penetra3on in localized areas without causing problems for the grid. High Penetra)on of PV No Issue for Kauian Grid | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/6a3nnwb

20. Opportuni7es •  Cost reduc7ons •  Added value •  Economic beneﬁts

21. Opportuni7es for Cost Reduc7ons German solar market 2006 -‐> 2010 grew from 2.7 GW -‐> 16 GW

22. Opportuni7es for Cost Reduc7ons Solar PV < 100 kW $4.11 per Wa/! German solar market 2006 -‐> 2010 grew from 2.7 GW -‐> 16 GW

23. Opportuni7es for Cost Reduc7ons Solar PV < 100 kW $3.70 per Wa/! h<p://www.solarwirtscha].de/preisindex

24. Opportuni7es for Cost Reduc7ons

25. Opportuni7es for Cost Reduc7ons Solar PV Balance of System | Rocky Mountain Ins)tute -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/3dazuo8

26. The Value of Distributed Solar $5 per Wa[ Distributed Solar Power Worth Far More Than Electrons | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/3tqmerh

27. The Value of Distributed Solar Distributed Solar Power Worth Far More Than Electrons | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/3tqmerh

28. The Value of Distributed Solar Distributed Solar Power Worth Far More Than Electrons | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/3tqmerh

29. Value of DG Solar PV – Palo Alto CLEAN Coali)on Calcula)on

30. Jobs from Renewable Energy Pudng Renewables to Work: How Many Jobs Can the Clean Energy Industry Create? (UC Berkeley)

31. Absentee = lost opportunity •  Out of two coun;es in Minnesota we export about $80 million dollars a year to France, Florida, Italy, Portugal, Spain. -‐Dan Juhl, community wind developer

32. Value of Local Ownership NREL: Economic Development Impacts of Community Wind Projects: A Review and Empirical Evaluation

33. Value of Local Ownership NREL: Economic Development Impacts of Community Wind Projects: A Review and Empirical Evaluation

34. Value of Local Ownership

35. Value of Local Ownership Economic Impact data taken from Shining Bright: Growing Solar Jobs in Iowa

36. Distributed Genera7on is Democra7c

37. Roadblocks

38. FERC’s High-‐Voltage Gravy Train

39. FERC’s High-‐Voltage Gravy Train

40. FERC’s High-‐Voltage Tunnel Vision FERCs High Voltage Gravy Train | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/647brlu

41. Policy Ma[ers

42. Policy Ma[ers

43. Policy Ma[ers Monthly cost of German renewable energy program

44. Policy Ma[ers Monthly cost of U.S. renewable energy program

45. Policy Ma[ers Germany 2009 Germany 2011 From page 19 of the brilliant report, Tracking the Sun III: The Installed Cost of Photovoltaics in the U.S. from 1998-‐2009 (large pdf).

46. Policy Ma[ers Ontarios Buy Local Renewable Energy Policy: An Update | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/3o4th8d

47. Policy Ma[ers: State Laws RPS Policies with Solar/DG ProvisionsWA: double credit for DG www.dsireusa.org / April 2011 NH: 0.3% solar- electric x 2014 OR: 20 MW solar PV x 2020; MI: triple credit for solar- double credit for PV MA: 400 MW PV x 2020 electric NY: 0.4788% customer- sited x 2015 OH: 0.5% solar-NV: 1.5% solar x 2025; CO: 3.0% DG x 2020 electric x 2025 NJ: 5,316 GWh solar-2.4 - 2.45 multiplier for PV 1.5% customer-sited x 2020 electric x 2026 IL: 1.5% PV x 2025 WV: various PA: 0.5% PV x 2021 UT: 2.4 multiplier multipliers for solar-electric DC DE: 3.5% PV x 2026; MO: 0.3% solar- triple credit for PV AZ: 4.5% DG x 2025 electric x 2021 NC: 0.2% solar MD: 2% PV x 2022 x 2018 NM: 4% solar-electric x 2020 DC: 0.4% solar x 2020 0.6% DG x 2020 TX: double credit for non-wind (non-wind goal: 500 MW) 16 states + Renewable portfolio standard with solar / distributed generation (DG) provision DC have an RPS with solar/DG Renewable portfolio goal with solar / distributed generation provision provisions Solar water heating counts toward solar provision

48. Policy Ma[ers: State Laws

49. A Small but Growing Market Photo credit: CERTs

50. Policy Ma[ers: Local Rules Poor Solar Permidng Rules Increase Residen)al Solar Prices by Up To 20 Percent | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/5ts5b2k

51. Policy Ma[ers: Local Rules Poor Solar Permidng Rules Increase Residen)al Solar Prices by Up To 20 Percent | Energy Self-‐Reliant States -‐ h<p://)nyurl.com/5ts5b2k

52. It’s Happening Here •  80 kilowa[s PV •  20 owners •  Shares: $3.15 / Wa[ •  13-‐year payback •  Carbondale, CO

53. Thank you! John Farrell •  energyselfreliantstates.org •  jfarrell@ilsr.org •  h[p://twi[er.com/johnﬀarrell