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The Real-Time Web (and Other Buzzwords)
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The Real-Time Web (and Other Buzzwords)
- 1. Chris Wanstrath http://defunkt.github.com hi everyone, i’m chris wanstrath
- 2. i love randy rhoads
- 4. i live in san francisco
- 5. and work at github
- 6. (which is written in rails)
- 7. but! i’m not gonna talk about any of that stuff
- 8. today i want to talk about python
- 9. and comet (among other things)
- 10. the real-time web (And other buzzwords) By Chris Wanstrath this talk is titled “the real-time web (and other buzzwords)”
- 11. so what is the “real-time” web? ?
- 12. techcrunch and readwriteweb would have you believe it’s a way to get your RSS stories
- 13. faster
- 15. but is that it?
- 16. no.
- 17. it’s all about pushing
- 19. it’s getting told what’s new !
- 20. ? instead of asking for what’s new
- 21. instant chat in the browser
- 22. and information the moment it’s available
- 23. Server Client one persistent connection
- 24. Client Server instead of many, short lived connections
- 25. right now when we say “real-time web” we usually mean one of three things
- 26. comet
- 27. flash’s XMLSocket
- 29. let’s start with comet
- 30. ? how many people know what comet is? how many people know how it differs from XML socket or WebSocket? good! for a long time i had no idea what comet was
- 31. i think it has a big marketing problem. !
- 32. see, comet is a cleaning product.
- 33. just like ajax
- 34. so it’s kind of like,
- 36. I, too, am a revolutionary web technique you didn’t know existed and can start using today that will forever change the way you imagine the web experience. “I, too, am a revolutionary web technique you didn’t know existed and can start using today that will forever change the way you think about the web experience.”
- 38. Uhh... uh...
- 39. AJAX!!!
- 40. if i had my way...
- 41. i’d call it something else
- 43. i dunno, there’s some cool imagery there
- 44. i dunno, there’s some cool imagery there
- 45. i dunno, there’s some cool imagery there
- 46. i dunno, there’s some cool imagery there
- 47. i dunno, there’s some cool imagery there
- 48. i dunno, there’s some cool imagery there
- 49. i dunno, there’s some cool imagery there
- 51. anyway, comet is any standards compliant technique which pushes or streams data to the browser over HTTP with comet you can essentially fake a socket connection between a browser and a backend server
- 52. how about an example well, for this year’s django dash
- 53. me
- 55. alex gaynor
- 56. and leah culver
- 57. ( World’s smallest park ) (seen here next to the world’s smallest park)
- 58. built leafychat irc in your browser using comet
- 59. you can connect to freenode channels
- 60. see who’s online
- 61. and do the irc thing right in your browser (demo?)
- 62. all without ajax
- 63. how? ?
- 64. well, there are a few components at play here
- 65. Browser first you’ve got the browser (naturally)
- 66. Browser Apache 80 then we have apache
- 67. Django 8000 Browser Apache 80 sitting behind apache is django (via mod_wsgi or whatever)
- 68. Django 8000 Browser Apache 80 the browser hits leafychat.com, port 80, which hits apache. apache sees it’s a django request
- 69. Django 8000 Browser Apache 80 and hands off the request.
- 70. Django 8000 Browser Apache 80 once django generates a response, apache takes it and delivers it
- 71. Django 8000 Browser Apache 80 back to the browser. that’s, more or less, our HTTP request cycle
- 72. Browser comet connections work in a similar fashion
- 73. Browser Orbited 8100 instead of apache, we have Orbited sitting on port 8100
- 74. orbited is an open source, python comet server powered...
- 75. by twisted. it does all of the comet heavy-lifting for us
- 76. Browser Orbited 8100 so.
- 77. Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 sitting behind orbited we have our app-specific comet code. for leafy chat it was a twisted- based daemon named zeddicus. it handled all the IRC stuff - connecting to channels, sending messages, receiving private messages, logging, all that
- 78. Orbited 8100 orbited handles generic browser stuff...
- 79. Zeddicus 8200 while our app-specific daemon (zeddicus) deals with the business logic. in this case, irc stuff
- 80. Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 does this look familiar?
- 81. Django 8000 Browser Apache 80 no? ok.
- 82. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 anyway, the browser (using orbited’s bundled js library) makes a request...
- 83. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 to port 8100. orbited sees it’s a request for zeddicus and hands it off to our backend
- 84. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 zeddicus sees a new socket connection open, does some stuff, then writes to the socket
- 85. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 orbited reads what zeddicus wrote to the socket connection they share
- 86. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 then sends it back the browser via comet
- 87. Django 8000 Browser Apache 80 just like before
- 88. <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> <head> <script> // session data var session_nick = "" var session_channels = [] </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/soundmanager2/soundmanager2-nodebug-jsmin.js"></script <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/audio-player.js"></script> <title>Leafy Chat</title> <link rel="icon" href="/static/img/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/reset.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/facebox.css" type="text/css" media="screen/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/base.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /> <script> document.domain = document.domain; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js"> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://leafychat.com:8100/static/Orbited.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/facebox.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/cookie.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/leafy.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/kahlan.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <div id="main"> <div id="header"> <div id="navigation" class="rounded"> <ul class="nav-list"> <!-- this should be a list --> <li>Hi <span id="welcome-user">there</span>!</li> but while apache and django deal with html
- 89. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 zeddicus, our back-end daemon, concerns itself only...
- 90. with json. orbited supports STOMP, XMPP, and raw IRC, too, but JSON is the way to go. why do i say that?
- 91. well, unfortunately this is where orbited does not rock
- 92. orbited only cares about giving you a socket, you have to do everything else yourself. that’s the deal
- 93. so you need to design your own protocol...
- 94. how it interacts with your back-end daemon
- 95. how events are fired and responded to
- 96. all that boring stuff
- 97. we ended up using a combination of django signals and json
- 98. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 so this is our overview, except with one small change
- 99. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 these are actually persistent connections
- 100. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 between orbited and zeddicus it’s a tcpsocket
- 101. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 between the browser and orbited it’s a comet technique
- 102. Zeddicus Browser 8200 we jump through all these hoops because it allows us to write our app as if the browser is connecting DIRECTLY to zeddicus via a tcpsocket
- 103. Zeddicus Browser 8200 which is what the “real time” web is all about and what comet gives us the browser writes to and reads from a socket, our back-end daemon does the same.
- 104. fast communication
- 105. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 alright, so let’s talk about this part a bit more the comet part
- 106. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 there are a few different ways to fake a persistent connection to a server with modern browsers
- 107. xhr long polling - hang an xhr request until we get a response or 30s, then re-open and wait again
- 108. <script> script tag long polling - dynamically create a script tag pointing to a url that hangs or times out, rinse and repeat
- 109. <iframe> forever frame - open a Content-Encoded: chunked url in an iframe, each chunk is a <script> tag that runs
- 110. xhr streaming - set content-encoding: chunked and trigger onreadystate callback with each chunk
- 111. so now you know our white lie: we don’t have real persistence, or a real socket. we fake it at both ends.
- 112. or, really, orbited fakes it at both ends
- 113. all that to get irc in your browser
- 114. well, kinda
- 115. Zeddius freenode Zeddicus 8200 6667 Browser Orbited 8100 see, with orbited, you can connect directly to an irc server and why not? it’s just a socket connection
- 116. in fact you can demo a (somewhat functional) irc connection on the orbited website
- 117. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 Zeddius freenode Zeddicus 8200 6667 but with leafychat we wrote our own backend daemon that connected to irc. why?
- 118. logging.
- 119. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 if we loaded our django code into zeddicus, we could easily log irc chats you’re interested in based on your session id. it works very well.
- 120. Django Orbited 8000 Browser Apache 80 Zeddius 8200 at this point i should mention the older tutorials online explaining how to load orbited into django.
- 121. Apache Django 80 8000 Browser Orbited Zeddicus 8100 8200 but i the best (and simplest) way is to let each component be its own daemon it works great for production as well as dev mode - the django dash judges were able to start and run our app locally, despite the number of daemons that needed to run
- 122. if you want to get a comet app up and running locally, check out orbited it supports a ton of comet transports and is actively maintained
- 123. using java? jetty has comet support
- 124. the ruby world has juggernaut
- 125. while perl has meteor
- 126. there’s the interesting in-progress Ajax Push Engine
- 127. and in erlang there’s erlycomet (built on mochiweb)
- 128. so, flash’s XMLSocket
- 129. Zeddius Zeddicus 8200 Browser Orbited 8100 it turns this
- 130. Zeddicus Browser 8200 into this
- 131. how? flash allows you to make tcp connections in actionscript. by providing a javascript api to those tcp connections, we can use flash to create persistent, socket connections from the browser
- 132. no lying needed
- 133. of course, it may be non-standard and might not work great across firewalls. but if you can use it, it’s pretty great
- 134. a popular technique is to attempt to open a flash socket, then fall back to standards based comet methods if it fails it’s good backup
- 135. there are a few nice libraries for xml socket on github
- 136. tmm1 / jssocket my favorite is tmm1’s jssocket
- 137. defunkt / jssocket (i have a fork which removes the jquery dependencies)
- 139. it’s still a proposed draft but it’ll let you open a socket to any serve that speaks the special WebSocket protocol
- 140. ws:// servers need to speak the WebSocket protocol - you can’t open arbitrary connections to irc or xmpp gateways this plugs up the obvious security holes but also makes it a bit harder to implement than something like XMLSocket your server needs to speak ws
- 141. so, in review ?
- 142. comet
- 143. should be called asteroid
- 144. flash’s XMLSocket
- 145. is non-standard but nice
- 146. HTML5’s WebSocket
- 147. not yet here but futuristic
- 148. you should give orbited a shot
- 149. with json
- 151. Django Orbited 8000 don’t load orbited in django
- 152. Orbited 8100 use them alongside each other
- 153. is that it? ?
- 154. that’s it !
- 155. Thank You