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WILDFIRE MANAGEMENT TOOL WEB EDITION Using NASA Web World Wind to Predict Wildfire Behavior Southern California Government...
The Wildfire Management Tool (WMT) http://wmt.emxsys.com/ Mobile and desktop compatible web app http://emxsys.com
The Wildfire Management Tool (WMT) 1st place in the NASA World Wind Europa Challenge 2015 FOSS4G Europe, Como, Italy Bruce...
Built on NASA’s Web Word Wind SDK http://webworldwind.org/ • JavaScript API • Well crafted; extensible, easy to use • Cust...
Embodies the Campbell Prediction System (CPS) • Alignment of Forces Concept • In-alignment tracks • Trigger Points • Geogr...
Includes Rothermel’s Fire Spread Model http://emxsys.com Richard C. Rothermel
Fire Lookouts – Dynamic Spatiotemporal Markers Fire behavior is the manner in which a fire reacts to the influences of: fu...
New Symbol – The Wildfire Diamond Fire behavior depicted for all quadrants Intensity Flame Description Low 0-1’ Very littl...
Weather Scouts National Weather Service point weather forecasts are rendered using standard weather station symbols. • Sim...
Spatiotemporal Data at Reticule Temporal Widget • Application date and time • Sunrise and sunset times • Local solar hour ...
GeoMAC Wildfire Incidents http://www.geomac.gov/ • REST: http://wildfire.cr.usgs.gov/arcgis/rest/services/geomac_fires/Map...
NASA World Wind’s Earth Elevation Model • WMS: http://worldwind26.arc.nasa.gov/elev/ • Layers: • USGS NED 10m (USGS-NED) •...
LANDFIRE Fuel Models • REST: http://landfire.cr.usgs.gov/arcgis/rest/services/Landfire • WMS: http://landfire.cr.usgs.gov/...
NWS Point Forecasts National Digital Forecast Database (NDFD) REST Web Service • Documentation: http://graphical.weather.g...
Wind Affects Fire • Flames are inclined towards the fuel • Fuels are heated by radiation and convection • Direction of max...
Slope Affects Fire • Upslope fuels are closer to the flames. • The results are very similar to the effect of wind. • In th...
Solar Radiation Affects Fire • Changes the fuel flammability • Solar Radiation preheats the fuel • Drives off moisture, ma...
CPS Alignment of Forces Concept • Variations in Wind, Slope and Preheating explain changes in fire behavior • Wind, Slope ...
Software Architecture http://emxsys.com
In Closing • Email: • “Bruce Schubert” bruce@emxsys.com • Website: • http://emxsys.com • WMT Web App: • http://wmt.emxsys....
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Wildfire Management Tool - Using NASA Web World Wind to Predict Wildfire Behavior

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The Wildfire Management Tool - Web Edition (WMTweb) is a mobile and desktop compatible web application that displays the potential fire behavior of wildfire on a virtual 3D globe. WMTweb is built on the NASA Web World Wind JavaScript SDK and interfaces with the LANDFIRE, GeoMAC and National Weather Service REST services. WMTweb runs in your browser (Chrome and FireFox). WMTweb displays the potential fire behavior using new symbology -- the "Wildfire Diamond" -- which conveys the fire behavior at the head, flanks and heal. Point weather forecasts are graphically displayed using weather station symbols.

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Wildfire Management Tool - Using NASA Web World Wind to Predict Wildfire Behavior

  1. 1. WILDFIRE MANAGEMENT TOOL WEB EDITION Using NASA Web World Wind to Predict Wildfire Behavior Southern California Government GIS User Group Torrance, CA September 16, 2015 http://emxsys.com
  2. 2. The Wildfire Management Tool (WMT) http://wmt.emxsys.com/ Mobile and desktop compatible web app http://emxsys.com
  3. 3. The Wildfire Management Tool (WMT) 1st place in the NASA World Wind Europa Challenge 2015 FOSS4G Europe, Como, Italy Bruce Schubert T.J. Walton Shawn Patterson http://eurochallenge.como.polimi.it/ http://emxsys.com
  4. 4. Built on NASA’s Web Word Wind SDK http://webworldwind.org/ • JavaScript API • Well crafted; extensible, easy to use • Custom shapes • Analytic surfaces, rigid shapes, terrain conforming surface shapes, volumes, place marks, geographic text, …. • 3D globe and continuous 2D map mode with extensible projections • KML and Collada support • Flexible and extensible viewing and navigation system • Shapefile support • WCS and WMS support 3D Globe Visualization Imagery Terrain http://emxsys.com
  5. 5. Embodies the Campbell Prediction System (CPS) • Alignment of Forces Concept • In-alignment tracks • Trigger Points • Geographic/Temporal • Fuel Flammability Curves • Replications http://emxsys.com Learn from the Past—Predict the Future What does the fire tell you?
  6. 6. Includes Rothermel’s Fire Spread Model http://emxsys.com Richard C. Rothermel
  7. 7. Fire Lookouts – Dynamic Spatiotemporal Markers Fire behavior is the manner in which a fire reacts to the influences of: fuel, weather, topography. • Simply drag-n-drop Fire Lookouts where you want to know the potential fire behavior. • Fire Lookouts show fuel model, flame lengths for head, flanks & heal, and direction of max spread. • Fire Lookouts react to changes in weather and temporal solar conditions. Developer Note: Fire Lookouts are custom composite renderables made from Placemark and GeographicText objects http://emxsys.com
  8. 8. New Symbol – The Wildfire Diamond Fire behavior depicted for all quadrants Intensity Flame Description Low 0-1’ Very little resistance to control and direct attack with firefighters is possible. Moderate 1’-3’ Moderate resistance to control but can be countered with direct attack by firefighters. Active 3’-7’ Substantial resistance to control. Direct attack with firefighters must be supplemented with equipment and/or air support. Very Active 7’15’ Extreme resistance to control. Indirect attack may be effective. Safety of firefighters in the area is a concern. Extreme > 15’ Extreme resistance to control. Any form of attack will probably not be effective. Safety of firefighters in the area is of critical concern. http://emxsys.com
  9. 9. Weather Scouts National Weather Service point weather forecasts are rendered using standard weather station symbols. • Simply drag-n-drop Weather Scouts to where you want to know the wx. • Weather Scouts show: • Sky cover • Wind speed and direction • Air temperature (F) • Relative humidity (%) • Weather Scouts are spatiotemporal markers. Developer Note: Weather Scouts are custom composite renderables made from Placemark and GeographicText objects. http://emxsys.com
  10. 10. Spatiotemporal Data at Reticule Temporal Widget • Application date and time • Sunrise and sunset times • Local solar hour angle (sun icon) • Sunrise and sunset hour angles (tick marks) Location Widget • View orientation (compass) • Solar azimuth (sun icon) • Slope (% and inclinometer) • Aspect (tick mark) • Ground elevation (m) Developer Note: Widgets are custom composite renderables made from ScreenImage and ScreenText objects; slope and aspect are computed from Globe and ElevationModel objects. Temporal Widget Location Widget Reticule http://emxsys.com
  11. 11. GeoMAC Wildfire Incidents http://www.geomac.gov/ • REST: http://wildfire.cr.usgs.gov/arcgis/rest/services/geomac_fires/MapServer • Active fires • WMS: http://wildfire.cr.usgs.gov/ArcGIS/services/geomac_dyn/MapServer/WMSServer • Perimeters: current, previous and historic • Recent fire activity: MODIS and HMS satellite imagery analysis Developer Note: Active Fire icon is a standard Placemark object. http://emxsys.com
  12. 12. NASA World Wind’s Earth Elevation Model • WMS: http://worldwind26.arc.nasa.gov/elev/ • Layers: • USGS NED 10m (USGS-NED) • ASTER GDEM Version 2 30m (aster_v2) • General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) http://emxsys.com
  13. 13. LANDFIRE Fuel Models • REST: http://landfire.cr.usgs.gov/arcgis/rest/services/Landfire • WMS: http://landfire.cr.usgs.gov/arcgis/services/Landfire/US_130/MapServer/WMSServer http://www.landfire.gov/ http://emxsys.com
  14. 14. NWS Point Forecasts National Digital Forecast Database (NDFD) REST Web Service • Documentation: http://graphical.weather.gov/xml/rest.php • REST: http://graphical.weather.gov/xml/sample_products/browser_interface/ndfdXML.htm • Results in Dynamic Weather Markup Language (DWML), i.e., XML • Processed by WMT-REST server and sent to WMT client via JSON http://emxsys.com
  15. 15. Wind Affects Fire • Flames are inclined towards the fuel • Fuels are heated by radiation and convection • Direction of max spread is inline with wind direction http://emxsys.com
  16. 16. Slope Affects Fire • Upslope fuels are closer to the flames. • The results are very similar to the effect of wind. • In the absence of wind, direction of max spread follows upslope vector http://emxsys.com
  17. 17. Solar Radiation Affects Fire • Changes the fuel flammability • Solar Radiation preheats the fuel • Drives off moisture, making the fuel more flammable • Changes with time and aspect • Creates an unstable fuel bed http://emxsys.com
  18. 18. CPS Alignment of Forces Concept • Variations in Wind, Slope and Preheating explain changes in fire behavior • Wind, Slope and Preheat are the primary forces • Fire Behavior is affected by variations in: • Strength • Dominance • Alignment • In-Alignment Forces Exacerbate Fire Behavior • Out-of-Alignment Forces Reduce Fire Behavior http://emxsys.com
  19. 19. Software Architecture http://emxsys.com
  20. 20. In Closing • Email: • “Bruce Schubert” bruce@emxsys.com • Website: • http://emxsys.com • WMT Web App: • http://wmt.emxsys.com • Wildfire Management Tool – Web open source project (wiki, issue tracker, and source code): • https://bitbucket.org/emxsys/wildfire-management-tool-web/ http://emxsys.com

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