1. PLEASE ANSWER ALL PARTS - Thank You
Each mitochondrion contains 5-10 copies of the circular mitochondrial genome (the human
mitochondrial genome is approximately 16,500 nucleotides long). This genome encodes some of
the proteins that are required for mitochondrial function. All other genes required for
mitochondrial function are encoded by the nuclear genome. Mitochondria are inherited only
from the egg because sperm cells lose their mitochondria-rich tails upon fertilization. Therefore,
inherited mitochondrial gene mutations that affect the electron transport system are passed on
through the mother. Analysis of the mitochondrial genome has become commonplace in
maternity testing and tracking evolution and human migrations. In the 1990s, the human nuclear
genome project attracted significant media attention; the human mitochondrial genome has been
sequenced as well
Solution
1. Answer : Option D
Double stranded circular DNA
The human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a double-stranded, circular molecule of 16 569 bp
and contains 37 genes coding for two rRNA's and 22tRNAs and polypeptides.
2. Option C.
50% of male children will have the mitochondrial genetic mutation.
50% of germ cells with harbor the mutation
Mitochondria and their DNA are maternally inherited.
3. Answer: option B
Glycolysis.
Is generated by glycolysis and mitochondrial function.