Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Practical-Agile Product owner workshop
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Agile
Product Owner
Workshop
Elad Sofer
Agile coach
co-founder @ practical-agile
twitter: @eladsof
email: elad@practical-agile.com
blog: www.thescrumster.com
Ilan Kirschenbaum
Agile coach
co-founder @ practical-agile
twitter: @_kirschi
email: ilan@practical-agile.com
blog: http://fostnope.com/
2. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Connection before content
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A-HA wall
Parking lot
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!5
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!6
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Physical examination
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Photos
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Express your preferences
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The
product
Owner
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Define the product
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Focus on business results
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Communicate
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Define standards
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Define schedule
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The captain of the boat
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The painters game
• Decide who are the Artists and Designers.
• Artists - please leave the room.
• Designers - choose the messenger
• Designers are not allowed to talk or gesture with
Artists
• When using documents only simple text is allowed.
(NO speaking, drawing, or gesturing.
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Round 1
8 minutes
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Round 2
8 minutes
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OutputInput
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Concept Change
• Traditionally throws content “over the fence”– no
more!
• Takes an active role throughout the development
lifespan.
• Needs to make decisions regarding ROI every
sprint.
• The single wringable neck.
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Guiding principles for the PO
• Talk directly and frequently with your customers
• Talk directly and frequently with your development
teams
• Engage the development teams in creating value
for your customers
• Maintain your product’s quality and agility – do
not let technical debt accumulate
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“Would you tell me, please, which
way I ought to go from here?”
“That depends a good deal on where
you want to get to,” said the Cat.
“I don’t much care where –,” said Alice.
“Then it doesn’t matter which way
you go,” said the Cat
!
[Lewis Carrol – Alice in wonderland]
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Create a lean canvas
for your product
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The marshmallow challenge
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3 simple rules
• Build the Tallest Freestanding Structure
• The Entire Marshmallow Must be on Top
• Use as Much or as Little of the Kit
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The marshmallow
Challenge
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Size Matters
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Building the wrong product
Wave
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37. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
38. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
39. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
40. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Building the right products
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User personas
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User persona template
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Create your own
personas exercise
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User Stories
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CCC
• Card
• Conversation
• Confirmation
47. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
User Stories
• A recommended practice to write requirements
• Are not use cases!
• Describe requirements from the user’s POV
• Suggested formats:
a) As a …. I would like to…. [so that….]
b) In order to {achieve something} a {persona/user} would like to
{do something}
• “If you can’t fit the story on an index card, get smaller cards!”
• Modelled for discussion, to overcome the communication gap
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Investing in User Stories
• Independent
• Negotiable
• Valuable
• Estimate-able
• Short/Simple
• Testable
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User Story Examples
• As a customer I want to be able to check my current balance
• As Margaret I would like to be able to see the overall
balance of the customers
• A report showing last week sales vs. current week
• In order to stay connected, as Joe I want to get all my social-
media notifications in one app
• As a network admin, I want to see a visual map of faulty
network elements, so I can analyze errors quickly
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In order to work effectively
with User Stories, as a Product
Owner, I want to reserve space
for some meta data
Size Priority
Best
Before
End
Epic
This is just an example
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Functional vs.
Non Functional
• Functional - anything that the product is intended
to do to serve its purpose
• Non functional - anything else
• What is non functional tends to be elusive
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Examples for
Non-Functional Requirements
• Usability - e.g. number of clicks
• User experience - e.g. scroll acceleration
• Performance - e.g. latency and throughput
• Sizing - e.g. period of transactions to keep
• Scalability - e.g. multithreading/multiprocessing/multi-whatever-ing
• Availability e.g. 3-9s/4-9s/5-9s
• Also security, certifications, legal, and so on
53. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Examples for
Non-Functional Requirements
• In order to compete in the market, 3,000 sales-agents
should get a quote in less than 1 second, 24x7
• Scroll acceleration in list boxes should feel like on
iPhone
• In order to avoid data-loss, the recording module must
handle 1,000 concurrent calls
• In order to reduce hardware costs, the system must
meet 5-9s availability with 140% peak-time resources
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Write Some User
Stories for Your Product
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Tools for generating requirement
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Based on personas
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Story mapping
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Examine the timeline
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Story Mapping Example
Time
A website for freelancers to find customers
Register Post offering get leads Close deals Get paid
Create account
Edit account
Register
company
Delete account
Invite friends
Forgot
password
Offer service
Offer package
Discount codes
Affiliates
In-site ads
Tagging
Contact via mail
Contact form
Page visitors
Analytics
Search leads
Update site with
deal details
In-site contract
templates
Get behaviour
analytics per
customer
In-site mail
system
Publish free
content
Update offline
payment
Secure credit
card
Paypal support
Automatic
invoice
Customize
invoice
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Create a story map for
your product
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63. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Why Prioritize?
• Deciding what will be developed in each iteration/
release
• Reacting to
• Requirements / needs (market)
• Actual development capability (size)
• Technology / Feasibility (risk)
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How to Prioritize?
• If it is not hard, it is probably not good enough!
• Several methods exists:
• Survey users to understand value (e.g Kano)
• Focus on ROI (e.g. MoSCoW)
• Risk analysis
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MoSCoW
• Introduced with early concepts of agility (DSDM,
RAD)
• Intended to quickly analyze desired scope for the
short time-boxes ahead
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MoSCoW
• Must have
Must have at least one Must
• Should have
As important as Must, but not necessarily time critical
• Can have
Maybe some low hanging fruit, for example
• Won’t have
Either dropped, or not now. Not necessarily not important
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Simple ROI analysis
Put chart from NSN PPT
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
BC
D
E
F
G
H
K
L
M
N
Cost
Value
Won’tMust Should Could
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High Risk
Low Value
High Risk
High Value
Low Risk
Low Value
Low Risk
High Value
ValueLow
High
Low
High
Risk
1
3 2
x
Risk-Driven: The objective is to start with the most important and
riskiest features – better early than late. Tackling hard, problematic
issues early is difficult and painful
Simple Risk analysis
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Kano Model
• A model to understand and classify users’ needs
• Classify to Mandatory, Linear, Exciters, Neutral, Indifferent
• Mandatory - Must haves, can’t sell without them
• Linear - The more the better
• Exciters - Great if there, no problem if not
• Reverse - May satisfy some users, but dissatisfy others
• Indifferent - Most users don’t care
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Classification Example
• Mandatory - Can make phone-calls
• Linear - Memory size, Battery performance
• Exciters - Holographic display
• Reverse - Automatic Facebook check-in
• Indifferent - Built-in IDE
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Kano Diagram
(Exciters)
(Linear)
(Mandatory)
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Kano Survey
• For each feature ask participants two questions:
• What if the feature will be there?
• What if the feature will not be there?
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Kano Survey - Example
Question
How would you feel if your
phone featured a compass?
If your phone did not have a
compass, would you like it?
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
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Analyzing a Single Requirement
Question
Q E E E L
R I I I M
R I I I M
R I I I M
R R R R Q
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
I dislike it
It’s OK
I’m Neutral
It must be
I Like it
M Mandatory
L Linear
E Exciter
I Indifferent
R
Reverse (can
be either way)
Q Questionable
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Analyzing Results - Medial
Requirement M L E I R Q Result
Requirement 1 50 35 7 8 0 0 M
Requirement 2 42 55 1 2 0 0 L
Requirement 3 20 25 45 8 2 0 E
… 12 15 11 62 0 0 I
M Mandatory
L Linear
E Exciter
I Indifferent
R
Reverse (can
be either way)
Q Questionable
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Analyzing Results - Average
Question
Q E E E L
R I I I M
R I I I M
R I I I M
R R R R Q
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
I dislike it
It’s OK
I’m Neutral
It must be
I Like it
1 2 3 4 5
1
2
3
4
5
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Prioritize using the
kano model
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Kano Categorization Table
Question
Q E E E L
R I I I M
R I I I M
R I I I M
R R R R Q
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
I dislike it
It’s OK
I’m Neutral
It must be
I Like it
M Mandatory
L Linear
E Exciter
I Indifferent
R
Reverse (can
be either way)
Q Questionable
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80. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Sizing User Stories
• User stories become more granular over
time.
• Usually the stories starts as very big
items (Epics) and are split into smaller
sized items.
• Optional size - 2 stories per team per
week.
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When & How ?
• Requirements grooming Refactoring
meeting
• Done by the PO with the team
• Grooming = Splitting, clarifying &
estimating
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Splitting User stories
• Splitting across the data model.
• Support only a subset of attributes
• Splitting across operations
• CRUD parts of a protocol
• Splitting on results - Success and failure scenarios.
• Splitting cross-cutting concerns like Logging
Security.
• Splitting functional & non-functional requirements
• Stubbingmocking external dependencies
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Choose the biggest user
story you have and split it
into smaller User stories
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Acceptance Criteria
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Acceptance Criteria
• The terms and conditions to be met in order to accept
a requirement as Done
• Are not the Definition of Done
• Acceptance Criteria are specific for a requirement
Represents the contract the team accepts with each
• Definition of Done is a set of standards
Reflects the degree of engineering skills of the
team
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Acceptance Criteria
• Are progressive towards a requirement being Done
• Are SMART
• Specific
• Measurable
• Attainable
• Relevant
• Timely
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Acceptance Criterion
• Is a simple to follow condition
• Reflects an incremental step within the requirement
• Helps the team visualize what will it look like when
it gets Done
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Acceptance Criterion
• Is not:
• A set of instructions
• A design document
• A user-guide
• A use-case
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Acceptance Criterion
• Recommended format
GIVEN a pre-condition
WHEN an action happens
THEN an expected result occurs
• Some people call it a test
[And some others resent the notion of tests in
requirements]
• Can promote a test-first culture
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Acceptance Criteria Examples
• GIVEN login dialog
WHEN user enters username=“Mickey” AND password=“Mouse”
THEN result=“Successful Login”
• GIVEN login dialog
WHEN user enters username=“Mickey” AND password=“TheMouse”
THEN result=“Unsuccessful Login”
• GIVEN login dialog
AND login_type=“secure”
WHEN username=“Mickey” AND password=“Wrong”
WHEN submit
WHEN submit
THEN result=“User Blocked”
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Acceptance Criteria Examples
• GIVEN order
AND order_status=“New”
AND number_of_items=1
AND …
WHEN Submit_order
THEN Result=“Order OK”
AND Workflow_status=“bla bla"
AND Processing_Time=500ms
AND …
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Acc. Criteria for Splitting Stories
• Login with username + password
• Failed login
• Enter wrong password 3 times
• Password expired
• 3-part login
• Session timeout
BasicSecurityAdvanced
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Executable
Specifications
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Executable Specifications
• Acceptance Criteria become actual tests
• Actual tests activate code-to-be-written via fixtures
• Code gets tested as soon as it gets written
Given
When
Then
Test
Framework
Fixture
Actual
Code
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Specification
Workshops
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Specification Workshops
• A practice to enhance and improve acceptance
criteria
• Increases team engagement
• Increases business-domain knowledge
• Good practice to eliminate Chinese Whispers
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Specification Workshops
• Performed as part of the backlog grooming
• Discuss specific examples
• Product owner contributes to understanding the
business motivation
• Programmers contribute to technical edge-cases
• Testers contribute to behavioral edge-cases
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Write acceptance criteria
for your top priority items
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100. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
MVP
• MVP = Minimum Viable Product
• A way to test the business assumptions.
• Does the product provide value?
• Will people pay for it?
• How long will it take to build the
complete solution?
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MVP Examples
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104. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
105. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
106. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Come up with an MVP
for your product
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Defining the standards
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Definition of DONE
• Terms of satisfaction of the product owner.
• Defined by the PO with the team.
• Example:
• Design, code, tested, installer ready,
documented, less than 10 known bugs.
• Identical for all items in the backlog.
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Beware of undone work
Undone Undone Undone Undone
Stabilization
sprint(s)
Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3 Sprint 4
Undone = risk
Undone = no visibility Can we
release ?
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Technical Debt
Time
Work
left
20
10 12 14 16 18
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So…
How
much will
this MVP
cost?
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S U I C I D EPlease consider it
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There is no known way to accurately
calculate the cost of a s/w project
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Estimating cost (in advance)
• Once you have estimated the scope you may try
and put a price tag on it
• You have several methods:
• Use past data to estimate progress
• Works better with same team, same
technology and same product
• Run a single cycle to try and get a rough
estimate on progress
• Educated guess
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Educated guess (1)
• Estimate all User stories using story points
(Relative estimate)
• Take several stories which you have
relatively high confidence in.
• Without looking at the points, estimate
them in time units.
• Calculate average for a story point (A
range)
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Educated guess (2)
• Now you have the time effort estimate
(range) for a single point.
• Multiply the total points in your
backlog with the “time per point”
parameter.
• Send the price quote to your manager.
• Pray.
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Educated guess (Example)
• Now you have the time effort estimate
(range) for a single point.
• Multiply the total points in your
backlog with the “time per point”
parameter.
• Send the price quote to your manager.
• Pray.
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Educated guess (Example)
• We need to estimate cost for 500 points.
• We choose 3 stories - A(8),B(13) & C(5)
• A is estimated at 20 MD = 2.5 md/p
• B is estimated at 40 MD => 3.07md/p
• C is estimated at 10 MD => 2 md/p
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Educated guess (Example)
• 1 point = 2md — 3.07md
• Totals backlog is 500 points.
• The estimate is calculated :
2mdx500 — 3.07mdx500
• Estimate is 1000md — 1535md
120. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
121. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
122. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Reacting to Changes
123. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Tracking progress
• To guess progress, you need the following
combination:
• Average completion rate (aka Velocity,
yesterday’s weather)
• Total remaining work
• Definition of Done being followed
• You can ask how much time left?
• Total unfinished / avg. Velocity
• Time and cost derive from the previous one
124. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Visualising the data
• Visualizing the data should provide answers stakeholders are
looking for:
• Content status – What is complete and what is not
• Progress status –
• How are we progressing according to original estimates?
• When do we expect to be done?
• When will feature X be ready for review?
125. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Burndown chart analysis
• Just by looking at the ProductRelease burndown,
we can “smell” issues
• Combining the standard BD chart with other, more
advanced data can really teach us a lot about our
product
126. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
0
35
70
105
140
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Effort left
Total stories
Aha!
May apear that
there is no
progress
127. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Earned Value Management (EVM)
• A simple way to visualize
• Scope
• Schedule
• Cost
128. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM
• Scope
• Accumulated value of done things
• If estimating value is hard, use relative value
• If estimating relative value is hard, try using size
(it may be better than no number at all)
• Alternatively use number of known stories
• Schedule
• Plotting iterations (or other cadence) on the X-axis
129. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM
• Cost
• If obtaining cost is hard, use other abstract
representation
• Team/s allocation is usually simple enough
• Avoid using cumulative micro data (e.g.
timesheet reports)
130. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
We would rather be wrong than uncertain
Dan North
131. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Earned Value Monitoring
0
23
45
68
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Earned Value
Budget
Typical ’S’ Curve
132. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
’S’ Curve
• Explore
- maximize discovery
• Stabilize
- maximize variance
• Commoditize
- maximize efficiency
…and a good sign to move to the next thing
133. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM - Exercise
0
25
50
75
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415
Earned Value
Budget
Budget Forecast
134. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Decide what to do
now
135. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Long term"
• Sometimes the org market requires you to plan ahead
several releases.
• Ways to do that is:
• Story mapping (Focuses on scope)
• Velocity based (Focused on time)
• EVM (Focuses on budget)
• Don’t! Focus on continuous delivery of business goals
136. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Story Mapping Revisited
Time
A website for freelancers to find customers
Register Post offering get leads Close deals Get paid
Create account
Edit account
Register
company
Delete account
Invite friends
Forgot
password
Offer service
Offer package
Discount codes
Affiliates
In-site ads
Tagging
Contact via mail
Contact form
Page visitors
Analytics
Search leads
Update site with
deal details
In-site contract
templates
Get behaviour
analytics per
customer
In-site mail
system
Publish free
content
Update offline
payment
Secure credit
card
Paypal support
Automatic
invoice
Customize
invoice
Release 1 Release 2 Release 3
137. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
BDC Revisited
0
25
50
75
100
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
Effort left
Added Effort
138. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM & Forecasting
0
25
50
75
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415
Earned Value
Budget
Budget Forecast
R1
R2
R4
R3
139. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Dont! Focus on
business goals. How?
140. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Impact mapping
141. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Impact mapping
Business
Goal
Who can help
achieve the
goal
How can
they help
What can i
do to
encourage them
to do it?
Who
Who
How
How
How
What
What
What
User
Story
How could i do it?
User
Story
User
Story
142. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
We want 1000
more freelancers
registered
Registered
freelancers
Unregistered
freelancers
Other site
owners
Friends
Family
Invite friends
Posting about
the site
Give bonus for invites
As a freelancer i would
like to get 1 month free
when i invite a friend
As site admin i would
like to freelancers that
have more than 5
invited promoted on
search results
143. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Choose a goal (You can use the
“key metrics” in your lean canvas)
And Create an impact map
144. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Questions?
Parking lot
145. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Feedback
Can we quote you?
Can we use your name?