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Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Agile 

Product Owner

Workshop
Elad Sofer
Agile coach
co-founder @ practical-agile
twitter: @eladsof
email: elad@practical-agile.com
blog: www.thescrumster.com
Ilan Kirschenbaum
Agile coach
co-founder @ practical-agile
twitter: @_kirschi
email: ilan@practical-agile.com
blog: http://fostnope.com/
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Connection before content
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
A-HA wall
Parking lot
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
!5
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
!6
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Physical examination
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Photos
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Express your preferences
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The
product
Owner
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Define the product
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Focus on business results
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Communicate
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Define standards
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Define schedule
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The captain of the boat
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The painters game
• Decide who are the Artists and Designers.
• Artists - please leave the room.
• Designers - choose the messenger
• Designers are not allowed to talk or gesture with
Artists
• When using documents only simple text is allowed.
(NO speaking, drawing, or gesturing.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Round 1
8 minutes
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Round 2
8 minutes
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
OutputInput
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Concept Change
• Traditionally throws content “over the fence”– no
more!
• Takes an active role throughout the development
lifespan.
• Needs to make decisions regarding ROI every
sprint.
• The single wringable neck.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Guiding principles for the PO
• Talk directly and frequently with your customers
• Talk directly and frequently with your development
teams
• Engage the development teams in creating value
for your customers
• Maintain your product’s quality and agility – do
not let technical debt accumulate
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
“Would you tell me, please, which 

way I ought to go from here?” 

“That depends a good deal on where 

you want to get to,” said the Cat. 

“I don’t much care where –,” said Alice. 

“Then it doesn’t matter which way 

you go,” said the Cat
!
[Lewis Carrol – Alice in wonderland]
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Create a lean canvas
for your product
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The marshmallow challenge
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
3 simple rules
• Build the Tallest Freestanding Structure
• The Entire Marshmallow Must be on Top
• Use as Much or as Little of the Kit
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The marshmallow
Challenge
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Size Matters
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Building the wrong product
Wave
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Building the right products
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
User personas
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
User persona template
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Create your own
personas exercise
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
User Stories
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
CCC
• Card
• Conversation
• Confirmation
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
User Stories
• A recommended practice to write requirements
• Are not use cases!
• Describe requirements from the user’s POV
• Suggested formats:

a) As a …. I would like to…. [so that….]

b) In order to {achieve something} a {persona/user} would like to
{do something}
• “If you can’t fit the story on an index card, get smaller cards!”
• Modelled for discussion, to overcome the communication gap
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Investing in User Stories
• Independent
• Negotiable
• Valuable
• Estimate-able
• Short/Simple
• Testable
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
User Story Examples
• As a customer I want to be able to check my current balance
• As Margaret I would like to be able to see the overall
balance of the customers
• A report showing last week sales vs. current week
• In order to stay connected, as Joe I want to get all my social-
media notifications in one app
• As a network admin, I want to see a visual map of faulty
network elements, so I can analyze errors quickly
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
In order to work effectively
with User Stories, as a Product
Owner, I want to reserve space
for some meta data
Size Priority
Best
Before
End
Epic
This is just an example
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Functional vs. 

Non Functional
• Functional - anything that the product is intended
to do to serve its purpose
• Non functional - anything else
• What is non functional tends to be elusive
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Examples for 

Non-Functional Requirements
• Usability - e.g. number of clicks
• User experience - e.g. scroll acceleration
• Performance - e.g. latency and throughput
• Sizing - e.g. period of transactions to keep
• Scalability - e.g. multithreading/multiprocessing/multi-whatever-ing
• Availability e.g. 3-9s/4-9s/5-9s
• Also security, certifications, legal, and so on
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Examples for 

Non-Functional Requirements
• In order to compete in the market, 3,000 sales-agents
should get a quote in less than 1 second, 24x7
• Scroll acceleration in list boxes should feel like on
iPhone
• In order to avoid data-loss, the recording module must
handle 1,000 concurrent calls
• In order to reduce hardware costs, the system must
meet 5-9s availability with 140% peak-time resources
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Write Some User
Stories for Your Product
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Tools for generating requirement
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Based on personas
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Story mapping
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Examine the timeline
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Story Mapping Example
Time
A website for freelancers to find customers
Register Post offering get leads Close deals Get paid
Create account
Edit account
Register
company
Delete account
Invite friends
Forgot
password
Offer service
Offer package
Discount codes
Affiliates
In-site ads
Tagging
Contact via mail
Contact form
Page visitors
Analytics
Search leads
Update site with
deal details
In-site contract
templates
Get behaviour
analytics per
customer
In-site mail
system
Publish free
content
Update offline
payment
Secure credit
card
Paypal support
Automatic
invoice
Customize
invoice
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Create a story map for
your product
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Why Prioritize?
• Deciding what will be developed in each iteration/
release
• Reacting to
• Requirements / needs (market)
• Actual development capability (size)
• Technology / Feasibility (risk)
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Prioritize?
• If it is not hard, it is probably not good enough!
• Several methods exists:
• Survey users to understand value (e.g Kano)
• Focus on ROI (e.g. MoSCoW)
• Risk analysis
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
MoSCoW
• Introduced with early concepts of agility (DSDM,
RAD)
• Intended to quickly analyze desired scope for the
short time-boxes ahead
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
MoSCoW
• Must have

Must have at least one Must
• Should have

As important as Must, but not necessarily time critical
• Can have 

Maybe some low hanging fruit, for example
• Won’t have

Either dropped, or not now. Not necessarily not important
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Simple ROI analysis
Put chart from NSN PPT
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
BC
D
E
F
G
H
K
L
M
N
Cost
Value
Won’tMust Should Could
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
High Risk
Low Value
High Risk
High Value
Low Risk
Low Value
Low Risk
High Value
ValueLow
High
Low
High
Risk
1	 
3 2
x
Risk-Driven: The objective is to start with the most important and
riskiest features – better early than late. Tackling hard, problematic
issues early is difficult and painful
Simple Risk analysis
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Kano Model
• A model to understand and classify users’ needs
• Classify to Mandatory, Linear, Exciters, Neutral, Indifferent
• Mandatory - Must haves, can’t sell without them
• Linear - The more the better
• Exciters - Great if there, no problem if not
• Reverse - May satisfy some users, but dissatisfy others
• Indifferent - Most users don’t care
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Classification Example
• Mandatory - Can make phone-calls
• Linear - Memory size, Battery performance
• Exciters - Holographic display
• Reverse - Automatic Facebook check-in
• Indifferent - Built-in IDE
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Kano Diagram
(Exciters)
(Linear)
(Mandatory)
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Kano Survey
• For each feature ask participants two questions:
• What if the feature will be there?
• What if the feature will not be there?
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Kano Survey - Example
Question
How would you feel if your
phone featured a compass?
If your phone did not have a
compass, would you like it?
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Analyzing a Single Requirement
Question
Q E E E L
R I I I M
R I I I M
R I I I M
R R R R Q
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
I dislike it
It’s OK
I’m Neutral
It must be
I Like it
M Mandatory
L Linear
E Exciter
I Indifferent
R
Reverse (can
be either way)
Q Questionable
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Analyzing Results - Medial
Requirement M L E I R Q Result
Requirement 1 50 35 7 8 0 0 M
Requirement 2 42 55 1 2 0 0 L
Requirement 3 20 25 45 8 2 0 E
… 12 15 11 62 0 0 I
M Mandatory
L Linear
E Exciter
I Indifferent
R
Reverse (can
be either way)
Q Questionable
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Analyzing Results - Average
Question
Q E E E L
R I I I M
R I I I M
R I I I M
R R R R Q
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
I dislike it
It’s OK
I’m Neutral
It must be
I Like it
1 2 3 4 5
1
2
3
4
5
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Prioritize using the
kano model
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Kano Categorization Table
Question
Q E E E L
R I I I M
R I I I M
R I I I M
R R R R Q
Idislikeit
It’sOK
I’m
Neutral
Itmustbe
ILikeit
I dislike it
It’s OK
I’m Neutral
It must be
I Like it
M Mandatory
L Linear
E Exciter
I Indifferent
R
Reverse (can
be either way)
Q Questionable
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Sizing User Stories
• User stories become more granular over
time.
• Usually the stories starts as very big
items (Epics) and are split into smaller
sized items.
• Optional size - 2 stories per team per
week.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
When & How ?
• Requirements grooming  Refactoring
meeting
• Done by the PO with the team
• Grooming = Splitting, clarifying &
estimating
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Splitting User stories
• Splitting across the data model.
• Support only a subset of attributes
• Splitting across operations
• CRUD  parts of a protocol
• Splitting on results - Success and failure scenarios.
• Splitting cross-cutting concerns like Logging 
Security.
• Splitting functional & non-functional requirements
• Stubbingmocking external dependencies
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Choose the biggest user
story you have and split it
into smaller User stories
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criteria
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criteria
• The terms and conditions to be met in order to accept
a requirement as Done
• Are not the Definition of Done
• Acceptance Criteria are specific for a requirement

Represents the contract the team accepts with each
• Definition of Done is a set of standards

Reflects the degree of engineering skills of the
team
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criteria
• Are progressive towards a requirement being Done
• Are SMART
• Specific
• Measurable
• Attainable
• Relevant
• Timely
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criterion
• Is a simple to follow condition
• Reflects an incremental step within the requirement
• Helps the team visualize what will it look like when
it gets Done
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criterion
• Is not:
• A set of instructions
• A design document
• A user-guide
• A use-case
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criterion
• Recommended format

GIVEN a pre-condition

WHEN an action happens

THEN an expected result occurs
• Some people call it a test

[And some others resent the notion of tests in
requirements]
• Can promote a test-first culture
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criteria Examples
• GIVEN login dialog

WHEN user enters username=“Mickey” AND password=“Mouse”

THEN result=“Successful Login”
• GIVEN login dialog

WHEN user enters username=“Mickey” AND password=“TheMouse”

THEN result=“Unsuccessful Login”
• GIVEN login dialog

AND login_type=“secure”

WHEN username=“Mickey” AND password=“Wrong”

WHEN submit

WHEN submit

THEN result=“User Blocked”
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acceptance Criteria Examples
• GIVEN order 

AND order_status=“New”

AND number_of_items=1

AND …

WHEN Submit_order

THEN Result=“Order OK”

AND Workflow_status=“bla bla"

AND Processing_Time=500ms

AND …
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Acc. Criteria for Splitting Stories
• Login with username + password
• Failed login
• Enter wrong password 3 times
• Password expired
• 3-part login
• Session timeout
BasicSecurityAdvanced
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Executable
Specifications
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Executable Specifications
• Acceptance Criteria become actual tests
• Actual tests activate code-to-be-written via fixtures
• Code gets tested as soon as it gets written
Given

When

Then
Test
Framework
Fixture
Actual

Code
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Specification
Workshops
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Specification Workshops
• A practice to enhance and improve acceptance
criteria
• Increases team engagement
• Increases business-domain knowledge
• Good practice to eliminate Chinese Whispers
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Specification Workshops
• Performed as part of the backlog grooming
• Discuss specific examples
• Product owner contributes to understanding the
business motivation
• Programmers contribute to technical edge-cases
• Testers contribute to behavioral edge-cases
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Write acceptance criteria
for your top priority items
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
MVP
• MVP = Minimum Viable Product
• A way to test the business assumptions.
• Does the product provide value?
• Will people pay for it?
• How long will it take to build the
complete solution?
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
MVP Examples
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Come up with an MVP
for your product
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Defining the standards
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Definition of DONE
• Terms of satisfaction of the product owner.
• Defined by the PO with the team.
• Example:
• Design, code, tested, installer ready,
documented, less than 10 known bugs.
• Identical for all items in the backlog.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Beware of undone work
Undone Undone Undone Undone
Stabilization 

sprint(s)
Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3 Sprint 4
Undone = risk
Undone = no visibility Can we
release ?
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Technical Debt
Time
Work
left
20
10 12 14 16 18
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
So…
How
much will
this MVP
cost?
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
S U I C I D EPlease consider it
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
There is no known way to accurately
calculate the cost of a s/w project
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Estimating cost (in advance)
• Once you have estimated the scope you may try
and put a price tag on it
• You have several methods:
• Use past data to estimate progress
• Works better with same team, same
technology and same product
• Run a single cycle to try and get a rough
estimate on progress
• Educated guess
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Educated guess (1)
• Estimate all User stories using story points
(Relative estimate)
• Take several stories which you have
relatively high confidence in.
• Without looking at the points, estimate
them in time units.
• Calculate average for a story point (A
range)
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Educated guess (2)
• Now you have the time effort estimate
(range) for a single point.
• Multiply the total points in your
backlog with the “time per point”
parameter.
• Send the price quote to your manager.
• Pray.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Educated guess (Example)
• Now you have the time effort estimate
(range) for a single point.
• Multiply the total points in your
backlog with the “time per point”
parameter.
• Send the price quote to your manager.
• Pray.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Educated guess (Example)
• We need to estimate cost for 500 points.
• We choose 3 stories - A(8),B(13) & C(5)
• A is estimated at 20 MD = 2.5 md/p
• B is estimated at 40 MD => 3.07md/p
• C is estimated at 10 MD => 2 md/p
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Educated guess (Example)
• 1 point = 2md — 3.07md
• Totals backlog is 500 points.
• The estimate is calculated : 

2mdx500 — 3.07mdx500
• Estimate is 1000md — 1535md
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Reacting to Changes
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Tracking progress
• To guess progress, you need the following
combination:
• Average completion rate (aka Velocity,
yesterday’s weather)
• Total remaining work
• Definition of Done being followed
• You can ask how much time left?
• Total unfinished / avg. Velocity
• Time and cost derive from the previous one
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Visualising the data
• Visualizing the data should provide answers stakeholders are
looking for:
• Content status – What is complete and what is not
• Progress status –
• How are we progressing according to original estimates?
• When do we expect to be done?
• When will feature X be ready for review?
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Burndown chart analysis
• Just by looking at the ProductRelease burndown,
we can “smell” issues
• Combining the standard BD chart with other, more
advanced data can really teach us a lot about our
product
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
0
35
70
105
140
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Effort left
Total stories
Aha!
May apear that
there is no
progress
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Earned Value Management (EVM)
• A simple way to visualize
• Scope
• Schedule
• Cost
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM
• Scope
• Accumulated value of done things
• If estimating value is hard, use relative value
• If estimating relative value is hard, try using size

(it may be better than no number at all)
• Alternatively use number of known stories
• Schedule
• Plotting iterations (or other cadence) on the X-axis
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM
• Cost
• If obtaining cost is hard, use other abstract
representation
• Team/s allocation is usually simple enough
• Avoid using cumulative micro data (e.g.
timesheet reports)
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
We would rather be wrong than uncertain
	 Dan North
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Earned Value Monitoring
0
23
45
68
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Earned Value
Budget
Typical ’S’ Curve
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
’S’ Curve
• Explore

- maximize discovery
• Stabilize

- maximize variance
• Commoditize

- maximize efficiency

…and a good sign to move to the next thing
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM - Exercise
0
25
50
75
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415
Earned Value
Budget
Budget Forecast
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Decide what to do
now
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Long term"
• Sometimes the org  market requires you to plan ahead
several releases.
• Ways to do that is:
• Story mapping (Focuses on scope)
• Velocity based (Focused on time)
• EVM (Focuses on budget)
• Don’t! Focus on continuous delivery of business goals
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Story Mapping Revisited
Time
A website for freelancers to find customers
Register Post offering get leads Close deals Get paid
Create account
Edit account
Register
company
Delete account
Invite friends
Forgot
password
Offer service
Offer package
Discount codes
Affiliates
In-site ads
Tagging
Contact via mail
Contact form
Page visitors
Analytics
Search leads
Update site with
deal details
In-site contract
templates
Get behaviour
analytics per
customer
In-site mail
system
Publish free
content
Update offline
payment
Secure credit
card
Paypal support
Automatic
invoice
Customize
invoice
Release 1 Release 2 Release 3
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
BDC Revisited
0
25
50
75
100
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
Effort left
Added Effort
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
EVM & Forecasting
0
25
50
75
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415
Earned Value
Budget
Budget Forecast
R1
R2
R4
R3
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Dont! Focus on
business goals. How?
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Impact mapping
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Impact mapping
Business
Goal
Who can help
achieve the
goal
How can
they help
What can i
do to
encourage them
to do it?
Who
Who
How
How
How
What
What
What
User
Story
How could i do it?
User
Story
User
Story
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
We want 1000
more freelancers
registered
Registered
freelancers
Unregistered
freelancers
Other site
owners
Friends
Family
Invite friends
Posting about
the site
Give bonus for invites
As a freelancer i would
like to get 1 month free
when i invite a friend
As site admin i would
like to freelancers that
have more than 5
invited promoted on
search results
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Choose a goal (You can use the
“key metrics” in your lean canvas) 



And Create an impact map
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Questions?
Parking lot
Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Feedback

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Practical-Agile Product owner workshop

  • 1. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Agile 
 Product Owner
 Workshop Elad Sofer Agile coach co-founder @ practical-agile twitter: @eladsof email: elad@practical-agile.com blog: www.thescrumster.com Ilan Kirschenbaum Agile coach co-founder @ practical-agile twitter: @_kirschi email: ilan@practical-agile.com blog: http://fostnope.com/
  • 2. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Connection before content
  • 3. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 4. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. A-HA wall Parking lot
  • 5. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. !5
  • 6. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. !6
  • 7. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Physical examination
  • 8. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Photos
  • 9. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 10. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 11. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Express your preferences
  • 12. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The product Owner
  • 13. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Define the product
  • 14. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Focus on business results
  • 15. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Communicate
  • 16. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Define standards
  • 17. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Define schedule
  • 18. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The captain of the boat
  • 19. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The painters game • Decide who are the Artists and Designers. • Artists - please leave the room. • Designers - choose the messenger • Designers are not allowed to talk or gesture with Artists • When using documents only simple text is allowed. (NO speaking, drawing, or gesturing.
  • 20. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Round 1 8 minutes
  • 21. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 22. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Round 2 8 minutes
  • 23. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. OutputInput
  • 24. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Concept Change • Traditionally throws content “over the fence”– no more! • Takes an active role throughout the development lifespan. • Needs to make decisions regarding ROI every sprint. • The single wringable neck.
  • 25. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Guiding principles for the PO • Talk directly and frequently with your customers • Talk directly and frequently with your development teams • Engage the development teams in creating value for your customers • Maintain your product’s quality and agility – do not let technical debt accumulate
  • 26. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. “Would you tell me, please, which 
 way I ought to go from here?” 
 “That depends a good deal on where 
 you want to get to,” said the Cat. 
 “I don’t much care where –,” said Alice. 
 “Then it doesn’t matter which way 
 you go,” said the Cat ! [Lewis Carrol – Alice in wonderland]
  • 27. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 28. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Create a lean canvas for your product
  • 29. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The marshmallow challenge
  • 30. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. 3 simple rules • Build the Tallest Freestanding Structure • The Entire Marshmallow Must be on Top • Use as Much or as Little of the Kit
  • 31. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The marshmallow Challenge
  • 32. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Size Matters
  • 33. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 34. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Building the wrong product Wave
  • 35. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 36. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 37. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 38. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 39. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 40. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Building the right products
  • 41. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. User personas
  • 42. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. User persona template
  • 43. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Create your own personas exercise
  • 44. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 45. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. User Stories
  • 46. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. CCC • Card • Conversation • Confirmation
  • 47. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. User Stories • A recommended practice to write requirements • Are not use cases! • Describe requirements from the user’s POV • Suggested formats:
 a) As a …. I would like to…. [so that….]
 b) In order to {achieve something} a {persona/user} would like to {do something} • “If you can’t fit the story on an index card, get smaller cards!” • Modelled for discussion, to overcome the communication gap
  • 48. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Investing in User Stories • Independent • Negotiable • Valuable • Estimate-able • Short/Simple • Testable
  • 49. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. User Story Examples • As a customer I want to be able to check my current balance • As Margaret I would like to be able to see the overall balance of the customers • A report showing last week sales vs. current week • In order to stay connected, as Joe I want to get all my social- media notifications in one app • As a network admin, I want to see a visual map of faulty network elements, so I can analyze errors quickly
  • 50. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. In order to work effectively with User Stories, as a Product Owner, I want to reserve space for some meta data Size Priority Best Before End Epic This is just an example
  • 51. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Functional vs. 
 Non Functional • Functional - anything that the product is intended to do to serve its purpose • Non functional - anything else • What is non functional tends to be elusive
  • 52. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Examples for 
 Non-Functional Requirements • Usability - e.g. number of clicks • User experience - e.g. scroll acceleration • Performance - e.g. latency and throughput • Sizing - e.g. period of transactions to keep • Scalability - e.g. multithreading/multiprocessing/multi-whatever-ing • Availability e.g. 3-9s/4-9s/5-9s • Also security, certifications, legal, and so on
  • 53. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Examples for 
 Non-Functional Requirements • In order to compete in the market, 3,000 sales-agents should get a quote in less than 1 second, 24x7 • Scroll acceleration in list boxes should feel like on iPhone • In order to avoid data-loss, the recording module must handle 1,000 concurrent calls • In order to reduce hardware costs, the system must meet 5-9s availability with 140% peak-time resources
  • 54. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Write Some User Stories for Your Product
  • 55. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Tools for generating requirement
  • 56. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 57. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Based on personas
  • 58. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Story mapping
  • 59. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Examine the timeline
  • 60. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Story Mapping Example Time A website for freelancers to find customers Register Post offering get leads Close deals Get paid Create account Edit account Register company Delete account Invite friends Forgot password Offer service Offer package Discount codes Affiliates In-site ads Tagging Contact via mail Contact form Page visitors Analytics Search leads Update site with deal details In-site contract templates Get behaviour analytics per customer In-site mail system Publish free content Update offline payment Secure credit card Paypal support Automatic invoice Customize invoice
  • 61. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Create a story map for your product
  • 62. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 63. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Why Prioritize? • Deciding what will be developed in each iteration/ release • Reacting to • Requirements / needs (market) • Actual development capability (size) • Technology / Feasibility (risk)
  • 64. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. How to Prioritize? • If it is not hard, it is probably not good enough! • Several methods exists: • Survey users to understand value (e.g Kano) • Focus on ROI (e.g. MoSCoW) • Risk analysis
  • 65. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. MoSCoW • Introduced with early concepts of agility (DSDM, RAD) • Intended to quickly analyze desired scope for the short time-boxes ahead
  • 66. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. MoSCoW • Must have
 Must have at least one Must • Should have
 As important as Must, but not necessarily time critical • Can have 
 Maybe some low hanging fruit, for example • Won’t have
 Either dropped, or not now. Not necessarily not important
  • 67. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Simple ROI analysis Put chart from NSN PPT 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A BC D E F G H K L M N Cost Value Won’tMust Should Could
  • 68. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. High Risk Low Value High Risk High Value Low Risk Low Value Low Risk High Value ValueLow High Low High Risk 1 3 2 x Risk-Driven: The objective is to start with the most important and riskiest features – better early than late. Tackling hard, problematic issues early is difficult and painful Simple Risk analysis
  • 69. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Kano Model • A model to understand and classify users’ needs • Classify to Mandatory, Linear, Exciters, Neutral, Indifferent • Mandatory - Must haves, can’t sell without them • Linear - The more the better • Exciters - Great if there, no problem if not • Reverse - May satisfy some users, but dissatisfy others • Indifferent - Most users don’t care
  • 70. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Classification Example • Mandatory - Can make phone-calls • Linear - Memory size, Battery performance • Exciters - Holographic display • Reverse - Automatic Facebook check-in • Indifferent - Built-in IDE
  • 71. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Kano Diagram (Exciters) (Linear) (Mandatory)
  • 72. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Kano Survey • For each feature ask participants two questions: • What if the feature will be there? • What if the feature will not be there?
  • 73. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Kano Survey - Example Question How would you feel if your phone featured a compass? If your phone did not have a compass, would you like it? Idislikeit It’sOK I’m Neutral Itmustbe ILikeit
  • 74. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Analyzing a Single Requirement Question Q E E E L R I I I M R I I I M R I I I M R R R R Q Idislikeit It’sOK I’m Neutral Itmustbe ILikeit I dislike it It’s OK I’m Neutral It must be I Like it M Mandatory L Linear E Exciter I Indifferent R Reverse (can be either way) Q Questionable
  • 75. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Analyzing Results - Medial Requirement M L E I R Q Result Requirement 1 50 35 7 8 0 0 M Requirement 2 42 55 1 2 0 0 L Requirement 3 20 25 45 8 2 0 E … 12 15 11 62 0 0 I M Mandatory L Linear E Exciter I Indifferent R Reverse (can be either way) Q Questionable
  • 76. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Analyzing Results - Average Question Q E E E L R I I I M R I I I M R I I I M R R R R Q Idislikeit It’sOK I’m Neutral Itmustbe ILikeit I dislike it It’s OK I’m Neutral It must be I Like it 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
  • 77. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Prioritize using the kano model
  • 78. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Kano Categorization Table Question Q E E E L R I I I M R I I I M R I I I M R R R R Q Idislikeit It’sOK I’m Neutral Itmustbe ILikeit I dislike it It’s OK I’m Neutral It must be I Like it M Mandatory L Linear E Exciter I Indifferent R Reverse (can be either way) Q Questionable
  • 79. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 80. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Sizing User Stories • User stories become more granular over time. • Usually the stories starts as very big items (Epics) and are split into smaller sized items. • Optional size - 2 stories per team per week.
  • 81. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. When & How ? • Requirements grooming Refactoring meeting • Done by the PO with the team • Grooming = Splitting, clarifying & estimating
  • 82. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Splitting User stories • Splitting across the data model. • Support only a subset of attributes • Splitting across operations • CRUD parts of a protocol • Splitting on results - Success and failure scenarios. • Splitting cross-cutting concerns like Logging Security. • Splitting functional & non-functional requirements • Stubbingmocking external dependencies
  • 83. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Choose the biggest user story you have and split it into smaller User stories
  • 84. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criteria
  • 85. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criteria • The terms and conditions to be met in order to accept a requirement as Done • Are not the Definition of Done • Acceptance Criteria are specific for a requirement
 Represents the contract the team accepts with each • Definition of Done is a set of standards
 Reflects the degree of engineering skills of the team
  • 86. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criteria • Are progressive towards a requirement being Done • Are SMART • Specific • Measurable • Attainable • Relevant • Timely
  • 87. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criterion • Is a simple to follow condition • Reflects an incremental step within the requirement • Helps the team visualize what will it look like when it gets Done
  • 88. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criterion • Is not: • A set of instructions • A design document • A user-guide • A use-case
  • 89. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criterion • Recommended format
 GIVEN a pre-condition
 WHEN an action happens
 THEN an expected result occurs • Some people call it a test
 [And some others resent the notion of tests in requirements] • Can promote a test-first culture
  • 90. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criteria Examples • GIVEN login dialog
 WHEN user enters username=“Mickey” AND password=“Mouse”
 THEN result=“Successful Login” • GIVEN login dialog
 WHEN user enters username=“Mickey” AND password=“TheMouse”
 THEN result=“Unsuccessful Login” • GIVEN login dialog
 AND login_type=“secure”
 WHEN username=“Mickey” AND password=“Wrong”
 WHEN submit
 WHEN submit
 THEN result=“User Blocked”
  • 91. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acceptance Criteria Examples • GIVEN order 
 AND order_status=“New”
 AND number_of_items=1
 AND …
 WHEN Submit_order
 THEN Result=“Order OK”
 AND Workflow_status=“bla bla"
 AND Processing_Time=500ms
 AND …
  • 92. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Acc. Criteria for Splitting Stories • Login with username + password • Failed login • Enter wrong password 3 times • Password expired • 3-part login • Session timeout BasicSecurityAdvanced
  • 93. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Executable Specifications
  • 94. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Executable Specifications • Acceptance Criteria become actual tests • Actual tests activate code-to-be-written via fixtures • Code gets tested as soon as it gets written Given
 When
 Then Test Framework Fixture Actual
 Code
  • 95. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Specification Workshops
  • 96. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Specification Workshops • A practice to enhance and improve acceptance criteria • Increases team engagement • Increases business-domain knowledge • Good practice to eliminate Chinese Whispers
  • 97. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Specification Workshops • Performed as part of the backlog grooming • Discuss specific examples • Product owner contributes to understanding the business motivation • Programmers contribute to technical edge-cases • Testers contribute to behavioral edge-cases
  • 98. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Write acceptance criteria for your top priority items
  • 99. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 100. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. MVP • MVP = Minimum Viable Product • A way to test the business assumptions. • Does the product provide value? • Will people pay for it? • How long will it take to build the complete solution?
  • 101. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. MVP Examples
  • 102. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 103. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 104. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 105. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 106. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Come up with an MVP for your product
  • 107. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Defining the standards
  • 108. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Definition of DONE • Terms of satisfaction of the product owner. • Defined by the PO with the team. • Example: • Design, code, tested, installer ready, documented, less than 10 known bugs. • Identical for all items in the backlog.
  • 109. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Beware of undone work Undone Undone Undone Undone Stabilization 
 sprint(s) Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3 Sprint 4 Undone = risk Undone = no visibility Can we release ?
  • 110. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Technical Debt Time Work left 20 10 12 14 16 18
  • 111. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. So… How much will this MVP cost?
  • 112. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. S U I C I D EPlease consider it
  • 113. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. There is no known way to accurately calculate the cost of a s/w project
  • 114. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Estimating cost (in advance) • Once you have estimated the scope you may try and put a price tag on it • You have several methods: • Use past data to estimate progress • Works better with same team, same technology and same product • Run a single cycle to try and get a rough estimate on progress • Educated guess
  • 115. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Educated guess (1) • Estimate all User stories using story points (Relative estimate) • Take several stories which you have relatively high confidence in. • Without looking at the points, estimate them in time units. • Calculate average for a story point (A range)
  • 116. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Educated guess (2) • Now you have the time effort estimate (range) for a single point. • Multiply the total points in your backlog with the “time per point” parameter. • Send the price quote to your manager. • Pray.
  • 117. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Educated guess (Example) • Now you have the time effort estimate (range) for a single point. • Multiply the total points in your backlog with the “time per point” parameter. • Send the price quote to your manager. • Pray.
  • 118. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Educated guess (Example) • We need to estimate cost for 500 points. • We choose 3 stories - A(8),B(13) & C(5) • A is estimated at 20 MD = 2.5 md/p • B is estimated at 40 MD => 3.07md/p • C is estimated at 10 MD => 2 md/p
  • 119. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Educated guess (Example) • 1 point = 2md — 3.07md • Totals backlog is 500 points. • The estimate is calculated : 
 2mdx500 — 3.07mdx500 • Estimate is 1000md — 1535md
  • 120. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 121. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • 122. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Reacting to Changes
  • 123. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Tracking progress • To guess progress, you need the following combination: • Average completion rate (aka Velocity, yesterday’s weather) • Total remaining work • Definition of Done being followed • You can ask how much time left? • Total unfinished / avg. Velocity • Time and cost derive from the previous one
  • 124. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Visualising the data • Visualizing the data should provide answers stakeholders are looking for: • Content status – What is complete and what is not • Progress status – • How are we progressing according to original estimates? • When do we expect to be done? • When will feature X be ready for review?
  • 125. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Burndown chart analysis • Just by looking at the ProductRelease burndown, we can “smell” issues • Combining the standard BD chart with other, more advanced data can really teach us a lot about our product
  • 126. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. 0 35 70 105 140 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Effort left Total stories Aha! May apear that there is no progress
  • 127. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Earned Value Management (EVM) • A simple way to visualize • Scope • Schedule • Cost
  • 128. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. EVM • Scope • Accumulated value of done things • If estimating value is hard, use relative value • If estimating relative value is hard, try using size
 (it may be better than no number at all) • Alternatively use number of known stories • Schedule • Plotting iterations (or other cadence) on the X-axis
  • 129. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. EVM • Cost • If obtaining cost is hard, use other abstract representation • Team/s allocation is usually simple enough • Avoid using cumulative micro data (e.g. timesheet reports)
  • 130. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. We would rather be wrong than uncertain Dan North
  • 131. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Earned Value Monitoring 0 23 45 68 90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Earned Value Budget Typical ’S’ Curve
  • 132. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. ’S’ Curve • Explore
 - maximize discovery • Stabilize
 - maximize variance • Commoditize
 - maximize efficiency
 …and a good sign to move to the next thing
  • 133. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. EVM - Exercise 0 25 50 75 100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415 Earned Value Budget Budget Forecast
  • 134. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Decide what to do now
  • 135. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Long term" • Sometimes the org market requires you to plan ahead several releases. • Ways to do that is: • Story mapping (Focuses on scope) • Velocity based (Focused on time) • EVM (Focuses on budget) • Don’t! Focus on continuous delivery of business goals
  • 136. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Story Mapping Revisited Time A website for freelancers to find customers Register Post offering get leads Close deals Get paid Create account Edit account Register company Delete account Invite friends Forgot password Offer service Offer package Discount codes Affiliates In-site ads Tagging Contact via mail Contact form Page visitors Analytics Search leads Update site with deal details In-site contract templates Get behaviour analytics per customer In-site mail system Publish free content Update offline payment Secure credit card Paypal support Automatic invoice Customize invoice Release 1 Release 2 Release 3
  • 137. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. BDC Revisited 0 25 50 75 100 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 Effort left Added Effort
  • 138. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. EVM & Forecasting 0 25 50 75 100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415 Earned Value Budget Budget Forecast R1 R2 R4 R3
  • 139. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Dont! Focus on business goals. How?
  • 140. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Impact mapping
  • 141. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Impact mapping Business Goal Who can help achieve the goal How can they help What can i do to encourage them to do it? Who Who How How How What What What User Story How could i do it? User Story User Story
  • 142. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. We want 1000 more freelancers registered Registered freelancers Unregistered freelancers Other site owners Friends Family Invite friends Posting about the site Give bonus for invites As a freelancer i would like to get 1 month free when i invite a friend As site admin i would like to freelancers that have more than 5 invited promoted on search results
  • 143. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Choose a goal (You can use the “key metrics” in your lean canvas) 
 
 And Create an impact map
  • 144. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Questions? Parking lot
  • 145. Product Owner workshop by Practical Agile is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Feedback
 Can we quote you? Can we use your name?