the presentation is about settlement in kutch. students of architecture or urban planner can refer this presentation.

1. SETTLEMENT IN KACHCHH
REGION……
PRESENTED BY
DWEEP BUCH K
A vast expanse of continuous yellow sands stretching till the horizon; seldom a
view of huts or settlement , where few people in a group with their livestock and
camels move slowly from one place to another in the scorching heat, sandstorms
and completely barren desert………
…………this is the initial hazy mental picture of Kutch.
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2. • Kutch means something
which intermittently
becomes wet and dry; a
large part of this district
is known as Rann of
Kutch which is
shallow wetland which
submerges in water
during the rainy season
and becomes dry
during other seasons.
The same word is also
used in the languages
of Sanskrit origin for a
tortoise.
http://www.scribd.com/
http://kutchtravels.com/
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3. GENERAL INTRODUCTION
• Kutch district is the westernmost part of Gujarat state
and second largest district in India bordering
Pakistan. It is situated between the great deserts of
Sind and Thar and the Arabian Sea.
• Its area of 45,000sq. Km is mostly covered by salt
marshlands of the Rann, Kutch is a unique landmass
in India which has land and desert surrounded by
sea water.
• During the monsoons the two Ranns get flooded and
for many inhabitants, Kutch becomes like an island
cut off from the surrounding regions by swamps and
salt marshes.
• The district is also famous
for ecologically important Banni grasslands with their
seasonal marshy wetlands which form the outer belt
of the Rann of Kutch.
WETLAND
DESERT + HILL + SEA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutch_District BANNI GRASSLAND
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4. Area
• Total 45,652 km
2
(17,626 sq mi)
Population (2011)
• Total 2,092,371
• Density 46/km
2
(120/sq mi)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutch_District
CLIMATE
• The climate is unrelentingly hot
and dry in the north and hot and
humid in the south with a vast
diurnal range of
temperature(Max 48 degree C to
Min 2 degree C) especially in
winter. The scanty monsoon rains
averaging a few
centimetres annually(below 40
cm) fall mainly during the months
of July and August.
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TOPOGRAPHY
• The landscape and ecosystems of Kutch vary from the Great Rann grasslands of
Banni, the Dhand marshes, Kala dungar (BlackMountain) in Paccham, the plains
of Lakhpat and Jakhau the mangrove swamps of Mundra and Koteshwar, the
little Rann and the Gulf of Kutch with coral reefs and creeks.

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HISTORY OF KUTCH
4,500-year-old Harappan settlement excavated
in Kutch
 Dholavira – The Indus Valley Civilisation

6. Dholavira
Dholavira (Gujarati: ધોળાવીરા) is
an archaeological
site in Bhachau Taluka of Kutch District,
on the Khadir bet island in the Kutch
Desert in the state of Gujarat in
western India.
• The city of Dholavira has a rectangular
shape and organization, and is spread over
22 ha (54 acres).
• The area measures 771.1 m (2,530 ft) in
length, and 616.85 m (2,023.8 ft) in
width. There are main three divisions –
the citadel,
the middle town and
the lower town.
"Dholavira has indeed added new
dimensions to personality of Indus Valley
Civilisation."
www,frontline.in
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Google earth

7. http://asi.nic.in/asi_exca_2007_dholavira.asp
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The acropolis and
the middle town
had been further
furnished with
their own
defence-work,
gateways, built-up
areas, street
system, wells and
large open
spaces.
THE CITADEL One of the water reservoirs, with steps

8. CHRONOLOGY OF DHOLAVIRA
Stages Dates
Stage I
2650–
2550 BCE
Early Harappan – Mature
Harappan Transition A
Stage II
2550–
2500 BCE
Early Harappan – Mature
Harappan Transition B
Stage III
2500–
2200 BCE
Mature Harappan A
Stage IV
2200–
2000 BCE
Mature Harappan B
Stage V
2000–
1900 BCE
Mature Harappan C
1900–
1850 BCE
Period of desertion
Stage VI
1850–
1750 BCE
Posturban Harappan A
1750–
1650 BCE
Period of desertion
Stage VII
1650–
1450 BCE
Posturban Harappan B
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THE BAILEY STRUCTURE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholavira
http://asi.nic.in/asi_exca_2007_dholavira.asp

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COMMUNITY IN KUTCH AND THEIR LIFESTYLE…
1. RABARIS
3. AHIRS
2. JATS
4. HARIJANS

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RABARIS
• Rabari people are a mystery of Kutch. Their lifestyle is completely different
from any other tribe.
There are 3 type of tribes in Kutch
Desi Rabaris – live in the central & western sides of Kutch
Dhebariya Rabaris – live near Anjar Taluka.
Vagadiya Rabaris – live in the village named Vagad.
• It is said that Rabaris originally came from jaisalmer
of Rajasthan just like Mewar.
• There are about 2500 to 3000 Rabari families in
Kutch.
JATS
• About 500 years ago, these shepherds called Jats
abroaded from Iran to Sindh and Kutch.
• Jats usually live in tents or they stay in camps.they are
mostly found in north-west side of Kutch, region of
Lakhpat and Abdasa Talukas and in the dried Banni
area.
• Today,Jat women are famous for their microscopic mirror work embroidery
that has found prepared market place.

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AHIRS
• It is said that Ahirs are the children of Lord Krishna.There are 4 main castes of
Ahirs in Kutch: Prantharia, Mochhaya, Baureecha and Sorathia.
• About 3 lakhs Ahirs of the 18 million populations of Ahirs in India live in Kutch.
• Prantharia Ahirs lived in eastern Kutch and
they founded village named ‘Vrajvani’. The
rest of the Ahirs are found near by Anjar
Taluka .
• Ahirs are principally farmers who once sold
milk and ghee but they have changed their
business because of irregularity of rain in
Kutch.
HARIJANS
• Hari means God and Jan means people. Mahatma
Gandhi gave the name ‘Harijan’ to the Meghwal
people.
• They are experts in weaving wool and cotton. They
make gorgeous leather stitching and wood statue.
• Meghwal live all over Kutch. They always live in groups.

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Traditional Circular House-form (Bhunga) in Kachchh
• These traditional circular
homes withstood the
devastating earthquake
(2001).
• They are also considered
cyclone proof. They can
be constructed with local
material
Bhungas are mainly found in
desert islands (fertile land in
the middle of the desert) in
the northern parts of Kutch
region of Gujarat- specially
Banni and Pachham (literally
meaning pashchim- west)
Exterior of bhunga
http://aina.wikidot.com/
Interior

13. TIMELINE WISE SETTLEMENT IN KUTCH REGION
Historical Timeline
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TIMELINE WISE SETTLEMENT
12TH
CENTUA
RY
FOUNDATION OF JADEJA COMMUNITY
1147 Jam lakh became a ruler of throne
1410 Muzaffar Shah took over Vaghad
1590 Kutch lost Morbi Estate
1605 Foundation of bhuj
1617 The coin Kori began in Kutch
1730 Sarbuland Khan attacked Kutch and was
defeated
1762 The battle of Zhara started
1775 Sarfarazkhan attacked Kutch
1819 Kutch was damaged by disastrous
earthquake
1842 Adhoi was included in morbi
1857 Kutch had disastrous drought
1870 Alfred High school started
1877 Art school started
It was said that, in term of human
destruction ‘ZARA” battle was biggest battle
ever in the history of Gujarat.
Lakhpat
After the earthquake of 1819 a natural dam
known as the Allahbund was formed, Indus
river changed its course of flow and started
flowing into the Arabian sea further north.
Thus Lakhpat lost its importance as a port.
The town is enclosed by 7km long 18th-century
fort walls.

15. 1892 Swami Vivekananda in Kutch
1897 Kutch was troubled by plague
1902 Kutchi people held seminar in
Mumbai for the state
1905 Anjar-Tuna Railway started
1921 The facility of bus started in Kutch
1923 Congress started the movement of
Khadi
1925 Mahatma Gandhi in Kutch
1937 Postal services to Bhuj-Ahmedabad
And Mumbai- Karachi started
1942 Experiment of Bomb making in Anjar
1948 Kutch was included under Indian
govt.
1937 Postal services to Bhuj-Ahmedabad
And Mumbai- Karachi started
1952 First Industrial Conference
1952 Establishment of Kandla port
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Kandla port
Coastal zone of Kutch

16. 1956 Earthquake damage Anjar
1956 Kutch was included under
Maharashtra govt.
1959 Floods troubled Bhuj
1959 Lottery was banned
1960 Kutch became district of Gujarat
State
1965 India-Pakistan war took place
1968 Charbet was lost
1969 First Broad gauge railway started
1971 India-Pakistan war took place
1998 Cyclone struck Kandla
1999 Cyclone struck again
2001 Earthquake destroyed Kutch
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http://www.asanjokutch.com
Villages like
Bhachau,
Samakhyali,
Ratnal were
almost 100%
destroyed in
2001
earthquake.

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AFTER 2001…..
REDEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
EXAMPLE OF BHUJ CITY…

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BHUJ
• Bhuj the capital of the former native state of Kutch, is now the head quarter of the Kutch
District. Bhuj was chosen by Rao khengarji-I as his capital in 1549.
• The fort walls around the capital were built by Rao
Deshalji in 1723. the city known as 5 large gate
and 1 small window(chhathi bari).
• The city wall, thirty five feet high and 4 feet thick
with towers at irregular intervals was formerly
armed with fifty one guns. The walls on the east
and the west were demolished for the town's
expansion.
• It has a beautiful background of the Bhujjia hill fort
in the east. In the heart of the town is Palace with
Gothic structure.
Bhuj Area Development Authority(http://www.bhujada.com/
The city in reference to Bhujjia hill fort
DAMAGED IN EARTHQUAKE AFTER RENOVATION Prag Mahal – Gothic structure

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www.gsdma.org
 Bhuj City –Key Facts:
• A 500 year old traditional
unplanned city Headquarters
of Kutch district –seat of
district government
• Population of about 1,50,000
• Strong Livelihood base -
handicrafts and handloom
work Disaster Profile
• Earthquakes –Active seismic
faults surround the city
• Drought –every alternate year

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www.gsdma.org

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www.gsdma.org

22. www.frontline.in
http://www.scribd.com/
http://kutchtravels.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutch_District
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholavira
http://asi.nic.in/asi_exca_2007_dholavira.asp
http://www.asanjokutch.com/
Bhuj Area Development Authority(http://www.bhujada.com/)
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.gsdma.org
http://aina.wikidot.com/