SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 24
Preventive & Community Dentistry


Indices for
Dental Caries

      By:   Abbas Naseem   2nd year BDS
                  abbas_naseem@yahoo.com




                                           1
Index
                                  • “A numerical value, describing the relative
                                    status of a population, on a graduated
                                    scale with definite upper & lower limits,
                                    designed to Permit & Facilitate comparison
                                    with other populations classified by the
                                    same criteria & methods.” – Russel A.L

                                    IDEAL REQUISITES OF AN INDEX
                                    Clarity, Simplicity and Objectivity.
                                    Validity
                                    Reliability
                                    Quantifiability
                                    Sensitivity
                                    Acceptability
                                                                           2
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
INDICES USED FOR
                           ASSESSMENT OF
                           DENTAL CARIES



                                              3
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
INDICES USED FOR
                                  ASSESSMENT OF DENTAL
                                  CARIES
                                  Commonly Used !     Other Indices
                                  Permanent Teeth     STONE’S INDEX
                                  1. DMFT             CZECHOSLOVAKIAN CARIES
                                  2. DMFS             INDEX (CCI)
                                  3. DMFSS            CARIES SUSCEPTIBILITY
                                  Primary Teeth       INDEX
                                  1. dft              DMF SURFACE PERCENTAGE
                                  2. dfs              INDEX (DMFS PI)
                                  3. dfss             RESTORATIVE INDEX (RI)
                                  Mixed Dentition     MODIFIED DMFT INDEX
                                  1. (dft) & (DMFT)   CARIES SEVERITY INDEX
                                  2. (dfs) & (DMFS)   (Csi)
                                                      FUNCTIONAL MEASURE
                                                      INDEX (FMI)
                                                      TISSUE HEALTH INDEX
                                                      DENTAL HEALTH INDEX
                                                      (DHI)                 4
                                                      SIGNIFICANT CARIES INDEX
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index
                                  • DMFT Index is a quantitative expression of a person’s
                                     lifetime caries experience in the permanent teeth.
                                     i.e its Purpose is to determine total dental caries expe


                                  Advantages / Uses of DMFT Index:
                                   Caries experience (past & present) & prevalence of an individual &
                                   community can be found out.
                                  By using caries experience, oral health status can be estimated
                                       indirectly.
                                  It gives a broad overview of caries experience in a population over a
                                       period of time.
                                  D- Component gives tooth status affected by Dental caries (Caries
                                       Morbidity).
                                  M- Component gives tooth lost (Caries Mortality).
                                  F- Component gives the account of fillings done among the
                                       populations.                                                5
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index




                                                             6
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index
                                  • Instruments Used:



                                      Dental Mouth Mirror




                                                       A No. 23 explorer,
                                                          also known as a
                                                       'sickle probe' OR
                                                          shepherd's hook
                                                          probe
                                      DMFT Index is Irreversible Index.
                                                                            7
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index                      Principles & Rules in Recording
                                                             DMFT

                                  Based on 28 teeth          RULES OF DMFT:

                                  Teeth not counted:         No tooth should be recorded
                                  Third molars.              more than once,either
                                  Unerupted teeth.           decayed ,missing or filled
                                  Congenitally missing &     teeth.
                                                             Decayed, missing and filled
                                  supernumerary teeth.
                                                             teeth should be recorded
                                  Teeth removed for          separately.
                                  reasons other than         Secondary caries below the
                                  dental caries such as      filling should be counted as
                                  orthodontic treatment or   decayed.
                                  impaction.                 Teeth missing only due to
                                  Teeth restored for         caries should be counted as
                                  reasons other than         missing & also those which
                                  dental caries such as      are indicated for extraction
                                                             Unerupted teeth,missing due8
                                  trauma (fracture)
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS                              to accident, congenitally
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index     Principles & Rules in Recording DMFT

                                            A tooth which is restored
                                            separately on different surfaces
                                            should be counted only once as
                                            filled tooth.
                                            A tooth which is decayed as well
                                            as filled is considered as decayed.
                                            Deciduous teeth should not be
                                            counted.
                                            A tooth is considered to be
                                            erupted when the occlusal surface
                                            or incisal edge is totally exposed.
                                            A tooth is considered to be present
                                            even though the crown has been
                                            destroyed and only the roots are
                                            left.
                                            The DMF score for an individual
                                            can range from 0 to 28,in whole9
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS             numbers
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index
                                      W.H.O
                                      MODIFICATIONS(1986)
                                      All third molars are included.

                                      Temporary restorations are
                                      considered as ‘D’

                                      Only carious cavities are
                                      considered as ‘D’

                                      The initial lesions (chalky spots, stained
                                      fissures, etc) are not considered as’D'




                                                                                   10
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index




                                                         11
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index
                                  • Calculations of DMFT Index;
                                  Individual DMFT
                                  Total each component i.e D, M, & F separately,
                                     then
                                          total D+M+F= DMFT

                                  Group Average
                                  Total DMFT for each individual.
                                  Then divide the total ‘DMF’ by the # of
                                    individuals in the group.

                                                                              12
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index
                                  Disadvantages / Limitations of DMFT
                                    Index:
                                  1-) DMFT values are not related to the number of teeth at risk. So,
                                      it does not directly give an indication of the intensity of
                                      attack of caries.
                                  2-) DMF T can be invalid in older adults because teeth can become lost
                                     for reasons other than caries.
                                  3-) DMFT index can be misleading in children whose teeth have been
                                      lost due to orthodontic treatment.
                                  4-) DMFT index can overestimate caries experience in teeth
                                      in which preventive filling have been placed.
                                  5-) DMFT index cannot be used for Root Caries.
                                  6-) Even under extreme conditions, the scores are same.
                                  7-) Doesn’t give account for treatment needs.
                                  8-) Rate of caries progression cannot be assessed in terms of how
                                       fast caries is progressing OR how fast caries has progressed.
                                  9-) Reaches Saturation level at a particular point of time when all the
                                       teeth are involved & prevents further registration of caries attack
                                                                                                     13
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS       even when caries activity is contiuing.
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index




                                             Identify … ???
                                                              14
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index




By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS                              15
16
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFT Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Index




          Filled & Decayed


                                                     Missing
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS                                17
DMFS Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Surface Index
                                   “When the DMFT Index is employed to
                                   assess Each Individual surface of each
                                   tooth, it is termed as DMFS Index.“

                                   The principles, rules, & criteria for DMFS
                                   Index is the same as that of DMFT index,
                                   only difference is that in DMFS Index;
                                   >> The Surfaces are examined <<.




                                                                            18
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFS Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Surface Index




                                                         19
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
DMFS Index
                                  Decayed, Missing, Filled
                                  Surface Index
                                  Advantages / Uses of DMFS Index:
                                  1-) DMFS Index; is Index of choice in a clinical trial of a caries
                                      preventive agent.
                                  2-) More Precise
                                  3-) More Sensitive
                                  4-) Gives true status of caries attack.



                                  Disadvantages / Limitations of DMFS
                                    Index:
                                  1-) Takes a longer time.
                                  2-) More likely to produce inconsistencies in diagnosis &
                                      require use of radiographs to be fully accurate.
                                  3-) Prevalence of dental caries is expressed as %age of population
                                      showing any evidence of caries & this measure is useful
                                      while caries is low.
                                  4-) DMFT used in large surveys to have quantitative measure of
                                      caries experience without using radiographs.
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS                                                                         20
                                  5-) Dental caries experience is all one can find from Cross-Sectional
INDICES FOR PRIMARY
                                  DENTITION
                                    deft or defs index (dft or dfs index)
                                  • Caries indices used for primary dentition
                                    are equivalent to indices used in permanent
                                    dentition.




By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS                                                   21
INDICES FOR PRIMARY
                                  DENTITION – dft or dfs index




                                                             22
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
INDICES FOR MIXED DENTITION
                                  • In case of mixed dentition, Caries
                                    Indices for the permanent teeth &
                                    deciduous teeth have to be done
                                    separately.

                                  • The DMFT or DMFS
                                    & dft or dfs are never added together.




                                                                             23
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
“ The whole art of teaching is
            only art of awakening the
            natural curosity of young
            minds for the purpose of
            satisfying it afterwards. ”
                                 Anatole
            France
                                             Abbas Naseem
                                             Dated: August 12, 2010
By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS              abbas_naseem@yahoo.com24

More Related Content

What's hot

04.principles of tooth preparation
04.principles of tooth preparation04.principles of tooth preparation
04.principles of tooth preparationDr.Jaffar Raza BDS
 
principles of cavity preparation
principles of cavity preparationprinciples of cavity preparation
principles of cavity preparationIAU Dent
 
Principles of tooth preparation
Principles of tooth preparationPrinciples of tooth preparation
Principles of tooth preparationrakeshrakz
 
Jaw relation
Jaw relationJaw relation
Jaw relationIAU Dent
 
Stainless steel crowns in Pediatric Dentistry
Stainless steel crowns in Pediatric DentistryStainless steel crowns in Pediatric Dentistry
Stainless steel crowns in Pediatric DentistryRajesh Bariker
 
impression techniques of complete denture
impression techniques of complete dentureimpression techniques of complete denture
impression techniques of complete dentureakanksha arya
 
Gow gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nerve
Gow  gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nerveGow  gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nerve
Gow gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nervePOOJAKUMARI277
 
Topical fluorides in dentistry
Topical fluorides in dentistryTopical fluorides in dentistry
Topical fluorides in dentistryKrupa Mayekar
 
Balanced occlusion
Balanced occlusionBalanced occlusion
Balanced occlusionShiji Antony
 
Periodontal indices final
Periodontal indices finalPeriodontal indices final
Periodontal indices finalshekhar star
 

What's hot (20)

04.principles of tooth preparation
04.principles of tooth preparation04.principles of tooth preparation
04.principles of tooth preparation
 
principles of cavity preparation
principles of cavity preparationprinciples of cavity preparation
principles of cavity preparation
 
Self correcting anomalies
Self correcting anomaliesSelf correcting anomalies
Self correcting anomalies
 
Principles of tooth preparation
Principles of tooth preparationPrinciples of tooth preparation
Principles of tooth preparation
 
Jaw relation
Jaw relationJaw relation
Jaw relation
 
Stainless steel crowns in Pediatric Dentistry
Stainless steel crowns in Pediatric DentistryStainless steel crowns in Pediatric Dentistry
Stainless steel crowns in Pediatric Dentistry
 
impression techniques of complete denture
impression techniques of complete dentureimpression techniques of complete denture
impression techniques of complete denture
 
Dental auxiliaries
Dental auxiliariesDental auxiliaries
Dental auxiliaries
 
Dental plaque
Dental plaqueDental plaque
Dental plaque
 
Modified widman flap
Modified widman flapModified widman flap
Modified widman flap
 
Major Connectors
Major ConnectorsMajor Connectors
Major Connectors
 
Gow gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nerve
Gow  gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nerveGow  gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nerve
Gow gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nerve
 
Topical fluorides in dentistry
Topical fluorides in dentistryTopical fluorides in dentistry
Topical fluorides in dentistry
 
Periodontal Case History
Periodontal Case HistoryPeriodontal Case History
Periodontal Case History
 
Non carious lesion
Non  carious lesionNon  carious lesion
Non carious lesion
 
Periodontal probes
Periodontal probesPeriodontal probes
Periodontal probes
 
Balanced occlusion
Balanced occlusionBalanced occlusion
Balanced occlusion
 
Periodontal indices final
Periodontal indices finalPeriodontal indices final
Periodontal indices final
 
Preventive resin restoration
Preventive resin restorationPreventive resin restoration
Preventive resin restoration
 
Development of Occlusion
Development of OcclusionDevelopment of Occlusion
Development of Occlusion
 

Viewers also liked

INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGY
 INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGY INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGY
INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGYdrishtii
 
Periodontal indices final
Periodontal indices finalPeriodontal indices final
Periodontal indices finalshekhar star
 
Measuring Dental Caries
Measuring Dental CariesMeasuring Dental Caries
Measuring Dental CariesIAU Dent
 
Theories of disease causation..ppt
Theories of disease causation..pptTheories of disease causation..ppt
Theories of disease causation..pptMonika Sharma
 
NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE
NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASENATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE
NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASESoumya Sahoo
 

Viewers also liked (10)

Caries indices
Caries indicesCaries indices
Caries indices
 
INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGY
 INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGY INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGY
INDICES IN PERIODONTOLOGY
 
Daily Ranger
Daily RangerDaily Ranger
Daily Ranger
 
Periodontal indices final
Periodontal indices finalPeriodontal indices final
Periodontal indices final
 
Dental Caries
Dental CariesDental Caries
Dental Caries
 
Measuring Dental Caries
Measuring Dental CariesMeasuring Dental Caries
Measuring Dental Caries
 
Theories of disease causation..ppt
Theories of disease causation..pptTheories of disease causation..ppt
Theories of disease causation..ppt
 
Indices
IndicesIndices
Indices
 
NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE
NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASENATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE
NATURAL HISTORY OF DISEASE
 
Tooth brushing techniques
Tooth brushing techniquesTooth brushing techniques
Tooth brushing techniques
 

More from drabbasnaseem

IOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR index
IOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR indexIOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR index
IOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR indexdrabbasnaseem
 
Wire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wires
Wire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wiresWire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wires
Wire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wiresdrabbasnaseem
 
Clinical photography in Orthodontics
Clinical photography in OrthodonticsClinical photography in Orthodontics
Clinical photography in Orthodonticsdrabbasnaseem
 
Orthodontics postgraduate residents worldwide
Orthodontics postgraduate residents worldwideOrthodontics postgraduate residents worldwide
Orthodontics postgraduate residents worldwidedrabbasnaseem
 
Cephalometric analysis
Cephalometric analysisCephalometric analysis
Cephalometric analysisdrabbasnaseem
 
Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materials
Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materialsGlass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materials
Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materialsdrabbasnaseem
 
Pathology ospe revised edition
Pathology ospe revised editionPathology ospe revised edition
Pathology ospe revised editiondrabbasnaseem
 
Pathology ospe final edition
Pathology ospe final editionPathology ospe final edition
Pathology ospe final editiondrabbasnaseem
 
Neoplasia ospe rapid review
Neoplasia ospe rapid reviewNeoplasia ospe rapid review
Neoplasia ospe rapid reviewdrabbasnaseem
 
Inflammation ospe rapid review
Inflammation ospe rapid reviewInflammation ospe rapid review
Inflammation ospe rapid reviewdrabbasnaseem
 
Staining & culture medias
Staining & culture medias Staining & culture medias
Staining & culture medias drabbasnaseem
 
Parasitology - Rapid OSPE Review
Parasitology - Rapid OSPE ReviewParasitology - Rapid OSPE Review
Parasitology - Rapid OSPE Reviewdrabbasnaseem
 
Radicular cyst or Periapical cyst
Radicular cyst or Periapical cystRadicular cyst or Periapical cyst
Radicular cyst or Periapical cystdrabbasnaseem
 

More from drabbasnaseem (13)

IOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR index
IOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR indexIOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR index
IOTN index, IOFTN index, PAR index
 
Wire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wires
Wire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wiresWire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wires
Wire selection in orthodontics / Orthodontics wires
 
Clinical photography in Orthodontics
Clinical photography in OrthodonticsClinical photography in Orthodontics
Clinical photography in Orthodontics
 
Orthodontics postgraduate residents worldwide
Orthodontics postgraduate residents worldwideOrthodontics postgraduate residents worldwide
Orthodontics postgraduate residents worldwide
 
Cephalometric analysis
Cephalometric analysisCephalometric analysis
Cephalometric analysis
 
Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materials
Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materialsGlass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materials
Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) - Science of Dental materials
 
Pathology ospe revised edition
Pathology ospe revised editionPathology ospe revised edition
Pathology ospe revised edition
 
Pathology ospe final edition
Pathology ospe final editionPathology ospe final edition
Pathology ospe final edition
 
Neoplasia ospe rapid review
Neoplasia ospe rapid reviewNeoplasia ospe rapid review
Neoplasia ospe rapid review
 
Inflammation ospe rapid review
Inflammation ospe rapid reviewInflammation ospe rapid review
Inflammation ospe rapid review
 
Staining & culture medias
Staining & culture medias Staining & culture medias
Staining & culture medias
 
Parasitology - Rapid OSPE Review
Parasitology - Rapid OSPE ReviewParasitology - Rapid OSPE Review
Parasitology - Rapid OSPE Review
 
Radicular cyst or Periapical cyst
Radicular cyst or Periapical cystRadicular cyst or Periapical cyst
Radicular cyst or Periapical cyst
 

Recently uploaded

The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...
The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...
The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...JakeMatthews12
 
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptxReproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptxVeereshDemashetti
 
Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...
Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing  _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing  _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...
Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...DUY NGUYEN PHUC
 
airway management recorded for S2.pptx
airway management  recorded  for S2.pptxairway management  recorded  for S2.pptx
airway management recorded for S2.pptxnakera38
 
SGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN .pdf
SGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN              .pdfSGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN              .pdf
SGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN .pdfHongBiThi1
 
Ortho Products Franchise-solace biotech limited
Ortho Products Franchise-solace biotech limitedOrtho Products Franchise-solace biotech limited
Ortho Products Franchise-solace biotech limitedSBL DIGITAL
 
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptxCANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptxMrStavanUdayKadam
 
Cholesterol Biosynthesis and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptx
Cholesterol Biosynthesis  and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptxCholesterol Biosynthesis  and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptx
Cholesterol Biosynthesis and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptxRajendra Dev Bhatt
 
Basic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth Analysis
Basic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth AnalysisBasic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth Analysis
Basic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth AnalysisAshishMaletha2
 
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......anupamdas2143
 
Problems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdf
Problems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdfProblems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdf
Problems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdfNetHelix
 
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptxANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptxsiddharthroy26587
 
Explaining "pathology" in digital pathology
Explaining "pathology" in digital pathologyExplaining "pathology" in digital pathology
Explaining "pathology" in digital pathologyYves Sucaet
 
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency RoomNeurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency RoomSudhir Kumar
 
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptxSpinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptxsiddharthroy26587
 
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHUTARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHUKanhu Charan
 
(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820 , 801)
(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820  , 801)(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820  , 801)
(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820 , 801)chahattyagi200
 
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdfSGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdfHongBiThi1
 
Laryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALK
Laryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALKLaryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALK
Laryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALKQuick MedTalk
 
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptxANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptxsiddharthroy26587
 

Recently uploaded (20)

The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...
The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...
The Art and the Science of UK General Practice A historical review and timeli...
 
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptxReproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
 
Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...
Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing  _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing  _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...
Routine Medicine Laboratory Testing _ CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRON...
 
airway management recorded for S2.pptx
airway management  recorded  for S2.pptxairway management  recorded  for S2.pptx
airway management recorded for S2.pptx
 
SGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN .pdf
SGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN              .pdfSGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN              .pdf
SGK VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP YHN .pdf
 
Ortho Products Franchise-solace biotech limited
Ortho Products Franchise-solace biotech limitedOrtho Products Franchise-solace biotech limited
Ortho Products Franchise-solace biotech limited
 
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptxCANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptx
 
Cholesterol Biosynthesis and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptx
Cholesterol Biosynthesis  and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptxCholesterol Biosynthesis  and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptx
Cholesterol Biosynthesis and catabolism for MBBS, Lab. MEd. BDS.pptx
 
Basic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth Analysis
Basic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth AnalysisBasic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth Analysis
Basic of Thyroid Hormone:- An In-depth Analysis
 
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
 
Problems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdf
Problems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdfProblems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdf
Problems associated with the production of recombinant protein.pdf
 
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptxANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
 
Explaining "pathology" in digital pathology
Explaining "pathology" in digital pathologyExplaining "pathology" in digital pathology
Explaining "pathology" in digital pathology
 
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency RoomNeurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
 
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptxSpinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
 
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHUTARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHU
 
(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820 , 801)
(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820  , 801)(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820  , 801)
(IDE)and(IVD),QMS,21 CFR part820 , 801)
 
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdfSGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
 
Laryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALK
Laryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALKLaryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALK
Laryngeal papillomatosis .pdf ENT BY QUICKMEDTALK
 
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptxANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
 

Indices for dental caries

  • 1. Preventive & Community Dentistry Indices for Dental Caries By: Abbas Naseem 2nd year BDS abbas_naseem@yahoo.com 1
  • 2. Index • “A numerical value, describing the relative status of a population, on a graduated scale with definite upper & lower limits, designed to Permit & Facilitate comparison with other populations classified by the same criteria & methods.” – Russel A.L IDEAL REQUISITES OF AN INDEX Clarity, Simplicity and Objectivity. Validity Reliability Quantifiability Sensitivity Acceptability 2 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 3. INDICES USED FOR ASSESSMENT OF DENTAL CARIES 3 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 4. INDICES USED FOR ASSESSMENT OF DENTAL CARIES Commonly Used ! Other Indices Permanent Teeth STONE’S INDEX 1. DMFT CZECHOSLOVAKIAN CARIES 2. DMFS INDEX (CCI) 3. DMFSS CARIES SUSCEPTIBILITY Primary Teeth INDEX 1. dft DMF SURFACE PERCENTAGE 2. dfs INDEX (DMFS PI) 3. dfss RESTORATIVE INDEX (RI) Mixed Dentition MODIFIED DMFT INDEX 1. (dft) & (DMFT) CARIES SEVERITY INDEX 2. (dfs) & (DMFS) (Csi) FUNCTIONAL MEASURE INDEX (FMI) TISSUE HEALTH INDEX DENTAL HEALTH INDEX (DHI) 4 SIGNIFICANT CARIES INDEX By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 5. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index • DMFT Index is a quantitative expression of a person’s lifetime caries experience in the permanent teeth. i.e its Purpose is to determine total dental caries expe Advantages / Uses of DMFT Index: Caries experience (past & present) & prevalence of an individual & community can be found out. By using caries experience, oral health status can be estimated indirectly. It gives a broad overview of caries experience in a population over a period of time. D- Component gives tooth status affected by Dental caries (Caries Morbidity). M- Component gives tooth lost (Caries Mortality). F- Component gives the account of fillings done among the populations. 5 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 6. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index 6 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 7. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index • Instruments Used: Dental Mouth Mirror A No. 23 explorer, also known as a 'sickle probe' OR shepherd's hook probe DMFT Index is Irreversible Index. 7 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 8. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index Principles & Rules in Recording DMFT Based on 28 teeth RULES OF DMFT: Teeth not counted: No tooth should be recorded Third molars. more than once,either Unerupted teeth. decayed ,missing or filled Congenitally missing & teeth. Decayed, missing and filled supernumerary teeth. teeth should be recorded Teeth removed for separately. reasons other than Secondary caries below the dental caries such as filling should be counted as orthodontic treatment or decayed. impaction. Teeth missing only due to Teeth restored for caries should be counted as reasons other than missing & also those which dental caries such as are indicated for extraction Unerupted teeth,missing due8 trauma (fracture) By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS to accident, congenitally
  • 9. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index Principles & Rules in Recording DMFT A tooth which is restored separately on different surfaces should be counted only once as filled tooth. A tooth which is decayed as well as filled is considered as decayed. Deciduous teeth should not be counted. A tooth is considered to be erupted when the occlusal surface or incisal edge is totally exposed. A tooth is considered to be present even though the crown has been destroyed and only the roots are left. The DMF score for an individual can range from 0 to 28,in whole9 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS numbers
  • 10. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index W.H.O MODIFICATIONS(1986) All third molars are included. Temporary restorations are considered as ‘D’ Only carious cavities are considered as ‘D’ The initial lesions (chalky spots, stained fissures, etc) are not considered as’D' 10 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 11. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index 11 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 12. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index • Calculations of DMFT Index; Individual DMFT Total each component i.e D, M, & F separately, then total D+M+F= DMFT Group Average Total DMFT for each individual. Then divide the total ‘DMF’ by the # of individuals in the group. 12 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 13. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index Disadvantages / Limitations of DMFT Index: 1-) DMFT values are not related to the number of teeth at risk. So, it does not directly give an indication of the intensity of attack of caries. 2-) DMF T can be invalid in older adults because teeth can become lost for reasons other than caries. 3-) DMFT index can be misleading in children whose teeth have been lost due to orthodontic treatment. 4-) DMFT index can overestimate caries experience in teeth in which preventive filling have been placed. 5-) DMFT index cannot be used for Root Caries. 6-) Even under extreme conditions, the scores are same. 7-) Doesn’t give account for treatment needs. 8-) Rate of caries progression cannot be assessed in terms of how fast caries is progressing OR how fast caries has progressed. 9-) Reaches Saturation level at a particular point of time when all the teeth are involved & prevents further registration of caries attack 13 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS even when caries activity is contiuing.
  • 14. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index Identify … ??? 14 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 15. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS 15
  • 16. 16 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 17. DMFT Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Index Filled & Decayed Missing By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS 17
  • 18. DMFS Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Surface Index “When the DMFT Index is employed to assess Each Individual surface of each tooth, it is termed as DMFS Index.“ The principles, rules, & criteria for DMFS Index is the same as that of DMFT index, only difference is that in DMFS Index; >> The Surfaces are examined <<. 18 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 19. DMFS Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Surface Index 19 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 20. DMFS Index Decayed, Missing, Filled Surface Index Advantages / Uses of DMFS Index: 1-) DMFS Index; is Index of choice in a clinical trial of a caries preventive agent. 2-) More Precise 3-) More Sensitive 4-) Gives true status of caries attack. Disadvantages / Limitations of DMFS Index: 1-) Takes a longer time. 2-) More likely to produce inconsistencies in diagnosis & require use of radiographs to be fully accurate. 3-) Prevalence of dental caries is expressed as %age of population showing any evidence of caries & this measure is useful while caries is low. 4-) DMFT used in large surveys to have quantitative measure of caries experience without using radiographs. By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS 20 5-) Dental caries experience is all one can find from Cross-Sectional
  • 21. INDICES FOR PRIMARY DENTITION deft or defs index (dft or dfs index) • Caries indices used for primary dentition are equivalent to indices used in permanent dentition. By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS 21
  • 22. INDICES FOR PRIMARY DENTITION – dft or dfs index 22 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 23. INDICES FOR MIXED DENTITION • In case of mixed dentition, Caries Indices for the permanent teeth & deciduous teeth have to be done separately. • The DMFT or DMFS & dft or dfs are never added together. 23 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS
  • 24. “ The whole art of teaching is only art of awakening the natural curosity of young minds for the purpose of satisfying it afterwards. ” Anatole France Abbas Naseem Dated: August 12, 2010 By: Abbas Naseem - 2nd Year BDS abbas_naseem@yahoo.com24