Green ICT Sustainable Supply Chain

International Green IT Awareness Week 21/05/2010

Sustainable Supply Chain:
From Green ICT to ICT for Green
From the supply chain sustainability of ICT products and
services to ICT tools that can help to measure, certify, lower
the impact of the supply chain for other products.
Donato Toppeta
Senior Consultant - The Innovation Group
Board of Directors: Sector ICT Acquisti & Sostenibilità
Ambassador: International Green IT Awareness Week

Sustainability as a:
“Supply Chain across Generations”
Sustainable development is
defined as development that
"meets the needs of the
SOCIAL
present without RESPONSIBILITY
compromising the ability of
future generations to meet
SUSTAINABILITY
their own needs” ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC
- Brundtland Commission, 1987 STEWARDSHIP PROSPERITY
Driving sustainability CULTURE
RESPECT
improvements
“You can’t change what
you don’t measure…”
www.ICT4Green.eu 2

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Why a sustainable procurement…?
Health and Ethical Business
Legislation &
Safety Sourcing Standards efficiencies

Employee Life Cycle GHG,
expectations Stakeholders Assessment biodiversity
Expectations
Accountability Citizenship,
Ethic
Pollution
Risk Sustainable NGO
Energy cost management Procurement Pressure

Customer Impact Reduction
requirements (environmental)

Total License to Brand
costs operate Reputation Value

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Nonprofits, Governments and Business Supporting
Consumer’s Increasing Demand For Transparency
• Encourage or force disclosure of corporations’
Nonprofits

environmental commitments and performance
– The Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) about GHG
– Greenpeace campaign on consumer electronics
– Fair Trade campaigns, Local NGO
• Disclosure requirements, Cap & Trade
Government

– GHG emissions for large emitters
• Mandatory and opt-in environmental labeling
European Union
– EU mandatory labeling of energy-using /related New Zealand

products
– Energy Star label in the U.S.
USA
• Voluntary disclosure of sustainability efforts
– Wal-Mart launched the Sustainability Index:
Business

– Patagonia publishes the “Footprint Chronicles”
– Financial sustainability Indexes: DJSI, FSTE4GOOD
• New services guiding consumers
– Good Guide environmental, health and social index of over
60K products
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ICT can be an Ally or an Enemy for sustainability

In the fight against global climate change,
ICT is seen as both an ally and enemy…
As an ally: As an enemy:
“The real gains will come from “Exposes the gap between
ICT as an enabler to improve what the IT industry could do
energy efficiency across the to fight climate change, and
economy.” – Jose Manuel what they're doing today.”
Barroso, President of the E.U. Greenpeace Cool IT Challenge

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Green Regulatory Trends and Customer Awareness
Create Both Risks And Opportunities For ICT
Business risks Opportunities
Increase in cost of energy and Demand for Green ICT products
• Power management capabilities,
availability of scarce resources virtualization and smart
• Impact on data centers and management, sustainable supply
communication and some HW chain
Lower market demand for • Saving in promotion
products without green and fair Opportunity for new products and
trade certification services
Possible loss of government • Smart energy grid and cities, ICT for
radical transparency, etc.
contracts for new procurement • Innovation and coopetition
policies, shift to open software, • Social networking and crowd
stretched ICT products life cycle sourcing
NGO campaigns disrupting Growing role of Cloud Computing
market (SAAS) from Green Data Centers
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From Green ICT to ICT for Green
• Sustainability of ICT factories’ supply chain and
distribution (cradle to cradle):
– Ethical behavior and business conduct of ICT
regardless of jurisdiction or localizing factors (labor
rights in factories, diversity, inclusiveness, child labor
free, etc.), es. GlobalCompact
– Environmental protection and preservation of the
ICT factories and related production and processes.
• ICT tools and solutions for improving the supply
chain sustainability (i.e. Green Procurement,
Radical Transparency, EMS: Environmental
management Systems)

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From the SMART 2020 Report
Enabling low carbon economy in the information age
–The Climate Group and the Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSI)
released in 2008 The Climate Group 2020 Report that analyzed the
Information and Communication Technology sector's impact on
world climate:
– ICT’s own sector footprint is currently 2% of global energy use and global
emissions are expected to almost double by 2020.
– ICT ’s unique ability to monitor and maximize energy efficiency both within
and outside could help cut CO2 emissions by up to five times this amount.
This represents a saving of 7.8 Giga-tons of carbon dioxide equivalent
(GtCO2e) by 2020 (> current annual emissions of either the US or China).
Potential influence of ICT on CO2 emissions
10 4.73
Million tons of CO2

0
-10

-20

-30
-40 -48.37
-50
Possible CO2 savings CO2 emissions caused by ICT

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ICT Companies are committing to
Reduce their Environmental Impact
• A growing number of companies, including many leading ICT
corporations have publicly pledged to reduce their greenhouse
gas emissions, some aiming for “carbon neutrality”
• HP was generally ranked the top Green IT Vendor in all categories: Best
at Green IT, Most Committed, and Best at Cutting Costs. Close runner ups
include: IBM, Dell, Microsoft and Apple.
• Many different listings with variable results
• New policies are being developed rapidly, such as:
• Green Purchasing Policies and Sustainable certified Supply Chain,
Environmental Sustainability Budgets and Campaigns, and Green
Champions / Departments (i.e. energy efficiency, LEED buildings, travel
replacement by Unified Communication, recycling, etc.)
• In Marketing & Public Relations there is a growing support for
Environmental Stewardship / Social Responsibility / Citizenship
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Supply Chain Sustainability of ICT
• Ethical sustainability of labor (health, privacy, diversity, inclusion,
child labor prevention, work/life balance, workforce relocation),
Citizenship (i.e: job and skill development) also in countries with
factories or primary goods, Responsible Financial and Sourcing
(i.e.: near-shore, etc.)
• Environmental sustainability of the ICT factories and production
processes
– GHG (CO2 eq) and energy of ICT energy efficiency products & services (Data Center
with low PUE & renewable source) including embedded (i.e. production and
transportation)
– Design for waste reduction, biodegradability and recycling (including packaging)
– Need to reduce:
• Pollutants produced in the manufacturing of ICT products or toxic / harmful
substances (brominates flame retardants, beryllium, etc.) used
• Metals (i.e. 36% of world tin, 25% of cobalt, 15% of palladium, 9% of gold, 2%
of copper, and 1% of aluminum and rare ones like tantalum) and PVC
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Main regulations for Electric and
Electronic Supply Chain
• EU REACH: (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation of Chemicals) 2006,
production and use of chemical substances and impacts on human health
and environment. It’s very complex, 150k substances (very high concern 26,
plan for 106 by 2012)
– Information stored in a central DB by European Chemicals Agency
(ECHA).
– Tools: IUCLID 5 (free SW from EU), REACH-IT (portal), CHESAR,
QuickReach, etc.
– EU CLP Regulation on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of chemical
substances and mixtures, based on the United Nations’ Globally
Harmonised System (UN GHS). In US: CPSIA (US Consumer Product Safety
Improv. Act)
• EU RoHS: (European Restriction of Hazardous Substances ) 2006, six
banned substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium and two
flame retardants: PBB,PBDE
– Other countries have similar rules: China RoHS, J-MOSS, EWRA.

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Main regulations for Electric and
Electronic Supply Chain
• EU WEEE: (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Directive) 2003: collection, recycling and recovery targets
(collection targets 65%) for electrical goods.
– Collection schemes where consumers return their used e-waste
free of charge.
– Directive 2006/66/EC on disposal of batteries and accumulators
• EuP 2005/32/CE Eco-design Directive for Energy-using
Products provides EU-wide rules for improving the
environmental performance of energy related products
(ERPs) through ecodesign, including stand-by and hard-off.
– Ecolabel: http://www.eco-label.com/ EU Energy Star: www.eu-
energystar.org

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Risks related to e-toxics found in OLD computers
Brominated Flame Retardants
• Brominated flame-retardants are a class of chemicals
that were commonly used in electronic products as a
means for reducing flammability.
– In computers and televisions, they were used mainly in printed
circuit boards, connectors, plastic covers and cables.
• Various scientific observations indicate that
Polybrominated Diphenylethers (PBDE) might act as
endocrine disrupters.
– It accumulates in the food chain and human tissues
– It affects brain development (reduces levels of the hormone
thyroxin).
• Research has revealed that levels of PBDEs in human breast milk are
doubling every five years , found in umbilical cord blood .

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Supply Network Complexity
Product usage
Consumer and disposal

Distribution Retire / Repair /
Retailer Supply chain Recycle

Manufacturers
Product Accessory Service T
Tier One R
Assembly A
Part A Part B Part X Part Y
Supplier N
S
Component Comp. Comp. Comp. P
Comp. M
1 2 N
Supplier O
Raw Material R
M1 Mx My T
Supplier

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WEEE collection Rate, kg per capit
EU WEEE Directive
(2002/96/EC)
currently sets a
minimum
collection target of
4 kg per annum
per inhabitant.

Data on the chart
are referred to
2006 detailed
updated data are
available here

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Who gets the
e-waste trash?

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Apple Sustainability
• Apple requires suppliers to commit to a Supplier
Code of Conduct, then performs onsite audits,
approves corrective action plans, and verifies
implementation. Environmentally, includes
requirements for:
– Hazardous Substance Management and Restrictions
– Solid Waste Management
– Wastewater and Stormwater Management
– Air Emissions Management
– Permits and Reporting
– Pollution Prevention and Source Reduction

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Dell’s Sustainability throughout
entire Supply Chain
• Dell promise customers:
– Quality in Design & Production, Best cost possible, Supply when you need it
– CSR statement: Corporate Accountability, Environmental Responsibility,
Community Engagement: Committing to make Dell the greenest technology
company on the planet , Supporting HIV&AIDS campaign.
• Dell’s Supply Chain Sustainability effort:
– A Dell team regularly goes on-site to audit the working conditions and
manufacturing processes of 1st, 2nd and 3rd tier suppliers. If ethical and legal
labor/environmental violated, Dell discontinue usage of the supplier.
– Supplier diversity is enforced.
– Dell claims that carbon intensity (CO2/revenue), is less than half that of their
closest competitor, pledging to make their operations carbon neutral
– Free Shipping for recycling / refurbishing old computers to Dell TechKnow
(Community education) or Reconnect (partnership with Goodwill & Microsoft)
“ “Dell's vision is to create a company culture where
environmental excellence is second nature because the
principles of environmentalism - efficiency eliminates
waste - align with the principles of our direct business
model - efficiency delivers customer value.”
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Electronic Product Environmental
Assessment Tool (EPEAT)
- A tool, an environmental standard, a rating system,
and a verification program
- helps purchasers evaluate, compare and select electronic
products based on their environmental attributes
- www.epeat.net
EPEAT Criteria are known as
IEEE 1680 American National
Standard for the Meets all 23 Meets all 23 Meets all 23
required required required
Environmental Assessment of criteria criteria plus at criteria plus at
least 50% of least 75% of
Personal Computer Products the optional the optional
criteria criteria

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EPEAT tool

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How Green is the Cloud?
• Do hosted services and Software as a Service
provide net environmental benefits?
• Potential benefits:
– Higher server utilization by virtualization and on demand
provisioning, tuning
– Data centers optimized for global energy efficiency (HVAC, free
cooling, monitoring) and renewable sources,
– Easier to recycle standardized hardware
– Promote remote work (might reduce commuting)
– Might reduce digital divide (ubiquitous computing)
• Experience is still limited
– some concern are related to privacy, trans-national
legislation, reduced ICT workforce.
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Life Cycle Assessment a valuable
approach :
Increased Energy &
Revenues resources
Reduction
Increased Satisfied Waste
Sales Stakeholders Reduction

Brand Image Corporate Efficiencies or
Value Cost Avoidance
Deflect
Green Critism
Marketing Select KPI

Product
Re-Design LCA

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Daniel Goleman : Ecological Intelligence
How Knowing the Hidden Impacts of What We Buy Can Change Everything

• Draws on cutting-edge research to reveal why too
often “Green is a Mirage"
– Illuminates inconsistencies in our response to the
ecological crisis and Greenwashing
• Introduces how ICT & LCA can help “Radical
Transparency”, allowing us to know the
environmental, health, and social consequences of
what we buy,
– potential to drive consumers to make smarter decisions
and companies to reform their business practices by
lifting the veil of secrecy about the ingredients and
sources of their products.
• Shows how new market forces can drive the
essential changes we all must make to save our 7: Ecological
planet, our health and happiness. Intelligence

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How Green Is My Bottle? By DANIEL GOLEMAN and GREGORY NORRIS
New York Times, April 19, 2009
• A practical example of LCA
outcome:
– if your stainless steel bottle
takes the place of 50 plastic
bottles, the climate is
better off,
– if it gets used 500 times, it
beats plastic in all the
environment-impact
categories studied in a life
cycle assessment.
ISO 14000 environmental management standards:
ISO 14040:2006 and 14044:2006 can be used for LCA
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ICT tools and solutions for improving
the supply chain sustainability
ICT tools and solution can help Supply Chain Sustainability by:
• Assessing the respect of ethical rules in provisioning:
– human & labor rights (e.g. minimum wage, no child or forced labor, respect of diversity &
inclusiveness, prevent abuses and corruption, etc.), minimize health hazardous.
• Monitoring , Analyzing and Reporting by LCA the Supply Chain contribution
(embedded in raw materials, packaging and transportation) to:
– GHG (Greenhouse Gas) and pollutants, (Cap&Trade or precautionary principle)
– Indirect Energy (and non renewable% ).
• Certifying the biological farming / kettling and/or fair trade food (es. by RFID).
• Optimizing the efficiency and environmental responsibility of the supply chain
– lean manufacturing, policy enforcement & awareness, transparent reporting
– route optimization, optimized charge of vessels, proximity sourcing.
– search of optimal sourcing: recyclable/recycled or biodegradable goods and packaging
• Replacing travels with A/V conference and application sharing in services
• Radical Transparency of goods LCA to consumers, sustainability labeling
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The role of ICT in the Supply Chain
• Information can be the driver that serves as the “glue” to create
a coordinated and effective supply chain. Therefore it must be:
– Accurate and up to date, Validated
– Accessible in a timely manner,
– Focused to the scope, Intelligently managed by Analytics
• ICT supports supply chain operational, responsible planning and
strategic management decisions by an holistic visibility on:
– Inventory (i.e. demand patterns, carrying costs, etc.)
– Transportation (i.e. customer locations, shipment sizes, etc.)
– Facility (i.e. location, capacity, smart grid, etc.)
– Use, design for Recycle & Reuse, limit waste and defects
• ICT (i.e. CRM, ERP, etc.) allows to optimize performance for the
entire supply chain to make it less burdensome
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ICT for Sustainable Supply Chain: ERP
• ERP
– HR : Ethically Manage Workforce
• Recruit without discrimination, Retain during economic downturn,
Motivate by shared profit and transparent MBO, work-life balance,
education.
– Triple Bottom Line Project Management:
• includes balance of Intangible Values and Indirect Impacts on GHG,
water & air pollution, reduce safety hazard
– Responsible Financials:
• Fair Payment, Collect, Treasury Mgmt, Capital Assets, Cap & Trade
constraints / opportunities
– Product Design and Project Engineering for Sustainability, LCA
• Include Crowd sourcing, evaluate public domain model, reduce energy
and prefer renewable resources, capture emissions
– Sustainable Operations :
• LCA based Planning, Green Purchasing, Total Quality Assurance & Six
Sigma, Lean Manufacturing and GHG/energy optimized, Shipping and
Warehouse allocation, Load and docking optimization, pollution
reporting
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ICT for Sustainable Supply Chain: CRM
• CRM
– Sales accounted for 3P impact
• Transparent Forecast, Manage Sales Force by 3P MBO, Generate
Sales with a Long term approach, Customer Intimacy and shared
values, Insure fair Sale, Process Orders with customer feedback
and satisfaction,
– Innovative, accountable Marketing
• Analyze Market and Planet status, Develop True Sustainable
Marketing Plan, Conduct Joint Campaigns with NGO
– Quality driven Service
• Plan Service as a core component of product Life Cycle, Fulfill
Service Contracts “Craddle to Craddle”, Handle Customer
Enquiries, Deliver Service building customer engagement

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“Radical Transparency" -- the virtuous circle
NGO can leverage LCA
in ad hoc campaigns
to increase awarness
in consumer of
seriuos business faults
or need of
government rules.
IT: (Business Intelligence, WEB 2.0, Data
Interchange, Mobile, etc.) makes easyer to:
• Match LCA with each customer value ranking
and geo-location providing a concise score of
goods and eventually suggesting alternatives
• Publish and share LCA data

Companies can choose to:
 Anticipate the shift by proactively addressing new customer needs and sharing
information with customers and supply chain
 Wait (and hopefully monitor) for changes in buyers habits (that might occurs
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Tools for Radical Transparency
• Recent innovations in ICT make it possible to create databases
of LCA that display the ecological impacts of any product versus
its competitors.
• Example of tools referenced in the Goleman’s book:
– GoodGuide rates an item's product's environmental, health,
and social impacts on a ten-point scale based on more than
200 databases.
– Earthster, a supply-chain management system that takes
openly disclosed LCA data, helps companies spot where they
can make the biggest ecological improvements, and then
guides them in finding suppliers.
– SkinDeep, ranks personal care products like mascara by
matching each ingredient to findings of concern in medical
databases. The site has had more than 100 million searches
since launching in 2004.
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GoodGuide Transparency Manifesto
• Started as an UC Berkley project
from a simple premise:
People have the right to know
what they’re putting in, on, and
around their bodies.
• There are three simple things
everyone should know about their
food but don’t:
– Where did it come from?
– How was it made?
– What’s in it?
• Good Guide iPhone app "let us align our
dollars with our values easily”.
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Earthster.org (Sylvatica)
• Is a web-based, open source, supply-
chain management system, based on
openly disclosed LCA data
• It helps companies spot where they can
make the biggest ecological Build Your Process
improvements, and in finding suppliers
who can provide the needed upgrades.
– It might in turn feed precise metrics
to a consumer-facing rating system Contribution Analysis
like GoodGuide.
"When anyone in your supply chain makes a
smart move, it makes your product greener, too
— as well as the purchases of everyone who buys
your product. That ripple effect turns thousands Comparison Analysis
of upstream suppliers into your allies, to the
extent any of them make improvements.“
Publish Cradle-to-Gate Results
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Do we still have problems?

• Fragrance in perfume may be any of the 3,100 chemical
ingredients, the blend of which is almost always kept
hidden from the consumer.
Laboratory tests commissioned by the
Campaign for Safe Cosmetics and analyzed
by Environmental Working Group revealed
secret chemicals, in name brand fragrance
products, not listed on the label, including
sensitizers that can trigger allergic
reactions, different hormone-disrupting
chemicals; mostly are not assessed by
FDA for safety. Examples:
– diethyl phthalate, linked to sperm damage
in human epidemiological studies (Swan
2008), and musk ketone, a synthetic
fragrance ingredient that concentrates in
human fat tissue and breast milk (Hutter
2009; Reiner 2007).
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Will Radical Transparency Save the Earth?
• “Achieving such an ecologically intelligent future will depend not on the actions
of politicians, but executives at the companies who take the lead in embracing
radical transparency as a core business strategy.” by D.Goleman
• Unfortunately many customer behavior is still :
– "Yes, I'd happily pick the greener product -- IF it comes from a brand I
know and trust, IF I can buy it where I currently shop, IF it is at least as
good as the product I'm currently buying, IF it doesn't require me to
change habits, IF it doesn't cost more, and IF it is somehow better (it lasts
longer, performs more effectively, saves money, is healthier for my family,
or will be perceived as cool)”
• “Unless companies make products perceived to be better and can make money
doing it, we won't see wholesale change at the scale required” Joel Makower, June
17, 2009 (greenBiz.com)
• Goleman’s answer to Joel:
– The information systems that will bring about radical transparency for
ecological impacts are disruptive innovations.
– GoodGuide can trigger an entirely novel green agenda with fresh rules
– I’m pointing to the tweet-and-text generation, (13 to 23 year olds) who are
growing up in constant digital touch with each other. For them individual
action merges into the collective, especially with digital data.

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Greening WalMart's Supply Chain
• Establish Walmart Sustainability Index – universal score
that measures product performance
1. Top-tier suppliers in the U.S. were required to complete
Sustainability Assessment by October 1, 2009; more to follow
(ultimate goal: universal adoption = 100,000 suppliers)
2. Provided initial funding for a Sustainability Consortium to develop a
Lifecycle Analysis database; inaugurated 3/17/09
(http://www.sustainabilityconsortium.org/)
3. Will develop a simple customer tool for comparison and tracking
Auditable and verifiable; full transparency
• Phased launch: -20 million Tonnes
CO2 by 2015

Launch Branch Mature Evolve
(2009) (2009-10) (2010-14) (2015 +)
Supplier Level Product Level
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Nike: from sweatshops to
sustainability champion
• Nike has taken the leadership in its sector in finding ways
to ensure fair working conditions in response to the
Greenpeace revelations that their supply chain relied on
sweatshops.
• Nike’s ‘Considered Index’ tool now predicts product
environmental footprint in design phase
– Solvent use, waste, materials and innovation for footwear;
Waste, materials, garment treatments and innovation for
apparel; Energy and Water Intensity, GHG.
– Restricted Substance List (RSL) tool has 9 distinct lists,
including nanotechnology, packaging and toy-specific;
materials restricted by legislation plus additional “Chemicals of
Concern” Nike declares undesirable.
• Testing and data management system for supplier compliance.
• Chemical evaluation system for possible addition to RSL and/or need
for environmentally and preferred / safer substitutes
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SC Johnson
Greenlist™
– 95% Raw materials rated on environmental and
human health impact: “A process, NOT a chemical list”
– Scores provided to company chemists alongside
performance and cost information.
• Incentives encourage safer materials selection
• Provides metrics for tracking corporate-wide progress toward
greening the portfolio of products (i.e. phase out Phthalates).

S.C. Johnson (and Clorox) have done what was
once unthinkable: whatsinsidescjohnson.com
revealed chemical ingredient information to
consumers.
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"As a family company, listening and responding to consumers is SC
Johnson's top priority. … It helps our consumers know they can
continue to trust our products.” CEO Fisk Johnson

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Patagonia Supply Chain

Embedded
energy
Distance
traveled

Waste

http://www.patagonia.com/web/eu/footprint/index.jsp

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How the bluesign® standard drives
competitors to work together
• The bluesign® standard brings together the textile
manufacturing chain to jointly reduce the environmental
footprint of a responsible textile industry.
• The applications provide the Textile Value Chain with the
necessary know-how and support in EHS management.
– The bluesign® bluetool is a special web-based software tool to
guide chemical suppliers effortlessly through the homologation.
– The bluesign® bluefinder for textile manufacturers is an advanced
search engine containing bluesign® approved raw materials and
chemical components.
– The web-based bluesign® blueguide for brands and retailers is an
advanced database containing bluesign® approved fabrics.

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Open LCA

• The openLCA project is creating a modular, open
source (free), software for life cycle analysis and
sustainability assessments.
• Initially it is providing:
– A basic framework for LCA: graphical modelling,
inventory, impact assessment, fast database,
client/server structure, help, user interface
– Two plugins: a format converter and an uncertainty
module.
• Documentation & Beta 1.1.1 released on
Sourceforge

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EPA Tools and Data Directory
EPA, DOE, USDA and other federal agencies provide many tools:
• General environmentally preferable purchasing tools :
– Database of Environmental Information for Products and Services by public and private
organizations, both domestically and internationally, including: Contract language, specifications,
and policies; Environmental standards and guidelines with lists of vendors
– Designated Green Products for Federal Procurement for which EPA, the Dep. of Energy, and Dep.
of Agriculture have provided environmental or energy attribute recommendations.
– EPP Assistant Purchasing prioritization tool that allows users to quantify and prioritize their green
purchasing efforts through LCA.
• Product-specific tools for:
– Buildings & Construction several tools to procuring green building
products and construction services such as BEES
– Cleaning : Green Cleaning Pollution Prevention Calculator
– Electronics: EPEAT, EEBC, Energy Star
– Fleets : FAST, FEET and other tools for HEV, alternative fuel stations, etc
– Paper Calculator : LCA tool for paper

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Free MIT Green Alternatives Wizard
• Focus on common laboratory solvents and
associated process
GreenChemWiz5.html

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ACS GreenChemEx tool
• Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and
processes that reduce or eliminate the use and
generation of hazardous substances.
• The American Chemical Society (ACS) Green Chemistry
Institute developed the Green Chemistry Resource
Exchange to facilitate exchange green chemistry
information resources to a broad audience .
– A business executive can find examples of companies that
specify financial benefits as well as fewer process steps,
less hazardous chemicals, less waste, and higher yield of
product by applying the principles of green chemistry.
– A researcher in the automotive industry can find examples
of greener plastics, paints, and carpeting that have reduced
VOCs, made from renewable resources, and/or are
recyclable

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Carnegie-Mellon Economic Input-Output
Life Cycle Analysis Tool (EIO-LCA)
www.eiolca.net

EIO-LCA: Free, Fast, Easy Life Cycle Assessment
• Estimates materials and energy resources
required for, and environmental impacts resulting
from, economic activities.
• Provides guidance on relative impacts of different
products, materials, services, or industries
through the supply chain, to estimate the total
emissions .
• Contains a limited number of environmental
effects.
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Zerofootprint: Enterprise Software
• VELO – Enterprise Carbon Management software
– Web based (SAAS), automates gathering of carbon
data, ensures its integrity, calculates emissions
– displays results in a dashboards & flexible reports
• VELOlite entry level solution, scalable
• VELOmetrics compares like-minded peers to
provide benchmarking

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Energy and GHG monitoring tool
for Public Local Administration
ECOSPEED: ECO2 Regio is a DB-aided
energy and CO2 monitoring and
scenario tool that enables
municipalities, cities and cantons to
assess final and forecasted energy
usage and CO2-emissions.

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Example of other free Tools and DBs
• University of Bath Inventory of Carbon and Energy
(ICE) database, a free embodied energy and embodied
carbon database for building materials.
• GSA Carbon Footprint and Green Procurement Tool –
For management of Federal Agency data to track GHG
emissions inventory and soon will address also water
footprint, energy and waste.
– Note: access is constrained to Federal Agency personnel
• National Renewable Energy Laboratory Life Cycle
Inventory Database - material and energy flows for a
few unit ops (e.g., chemical or fabricated metal
products manufacturing) based on ISO 14048.

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Social Networking Role in promoting Prosumers
Sustainability Awareness and pressing for Transparency
• ClimateCounts.org , GreenSeal, SkinDep, Greenpeace, website, hold
companies accountable for their footprints, scores them on their true
commitments, fight greenwashing.
• Facebook and Twitter are used to alert a circle of friends about the ups or
downs of a brand. Many companies now monitor tweets to track the
murmurs that impact reputation. Customers share their grumbles about a
given company or product in sites like GetSatisfaction.com

51

Tools for evaluating personal footprint
• There are many online free tools that help in evaluating & reducing the personal
footprint (GHG), take care that they might have different scope and detail:
– WWF: Footprint.wwf.org.uk food, travel, home, stuff
(data modelling by SEI that has an interactive
calculator for Sweden)

– Carbon Footprint www.carbonfootprint.com (Home & Business version) based on DEFRA, DOE, etc.

– Act On CO2 Actonco2.direct.gov.uk
– www.mycarbonfootprint.eu
– www.ceroco2.org
– www.climateneutralgroup.com
– Lifegate Impatto Zero

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How ICT can help in enabling a sustainable enterprise
Measure Impact of Prevent magazine
Supply Chain to obsolescence by Lean
embedded energy, Manufacturing and
water and GHG donation program to
non-profits

Identify
environmental Use LCA in designing
friendly and fair trade sustainable products
sourcing options for and processes
raw materials

Lower environmental Reduce waste,
impact of shipping, increase recycling
delivering and goods with take-back
packaging service for end-of-life
products

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Paul Hawken: University of Portland Speech
“…You are going to have to figure out what it means to
be a human being on earth at a time when every living
system is declining, and the rate of decline is
accelerating. […] .
Basically, the earth needs a new operating system, you
are the programmers, and we need it within a few
decades.
This planet came with a set of operating instructions,
but we seem to have misplaced them.
Important rules like don’t poison the water, soil, or air,
and don’t let the earth get overcrowded, and don’t
touch the thermostat have been broken.”
http://www.paulhawken.com/multimedia/UofP_Commencement.pdf

www.ict4green.eu 26


Please, use text chat
or e-mail for Q&A

Contacts

The Innovation Group
The Innovation Group
www.theinnovationgroup.it
55

www.ict4green.eu 27

Green ICT Sustainable Supply Chain

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