2. 2
I would not give a fig
for the simplicity
this side of complexity,
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
3. 2
I would not give a fig
for the simplicity
this side of complexity,
but I would give my life for
the simplicity on the other
side of complexity.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
23. How it feels to use
21
How it’s engineered
How it looks
24. Expert Mainstreamer
Focus on details Focus on goals
Perfection Completion
Precise control Ease of control
Principles Examples, stories
Take it apart, explore Afraid of breaking it
Detailed mental model Loose mental model
Invest time in learning What does RFTM mean?
22
Experienced Novice
58. 50
A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
1. Walk through the interface step by step.
59. 50
A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
1. Walk through the interface step by step.
60. 51
A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
2. List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).
61. 51
A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
2. List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KK
62. 51
A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
2. List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KK
M
H
P
K
H
KK
63. 52
A B
GOMS KLM
3. Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KMK
M
H
P
K
H
KMK
64. 52
A B
GOMS KLM
3. Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KMK
M
H
P
K
H
KMK
M
M
M
M
M
65. 52
A B
GOMS KLM
3. Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KMK
M
H
P
K
H
KMK
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
66. 53
A B
GOMS KLM
4. Delete Ms that appear between Ks
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KMK
M
H
P
K
H
KMK
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
67. 54
A B
GOMS KLM
4. Delete Ms that appear between Ks
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KK
M
H
P
K
H
KK
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
68. 55
A B
GOMS KLM
4. Delete Ms that appear between Ps and Ks (PMK becomes PK)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KK
M
H
P
K
H
KK
M
M
M
M
M
69. 55
A B
GOMS KLM
4. Delete Ms that appear between Ps and Ks (PMK becomes PK)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KK
M
H
P
K
H
KK
M
M
M
M
M
70. 56
A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
M
H
P
K
P
K
H
KK
M
H
P
K
H
KK
M
M
M
M
M
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
71. 57
A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to radio button
Click
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
Think about what to do
Put hand on mouse
Point to text field
Click
Move hand to keyboard
Enter temperature (31)
1.35
0.4
2.45
0.2
2.45
0.2
0.4
1.75
1.35
0.4
2.45
0.2
0.4
0.2
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
10.20 4.00
72. 58
Enter your Post Code
BS1 4ND OK
ADDRESS
Type your address
22 Queen Square Br|
ADDRESS
Which is more efficient?
22 Queen Square, Bristol, BS1 4ND
82. 61
Rules (simplified)
Walk through the interface step by step.
List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P),
Homing(H) and Response times (R).
Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps
Delete Ms between Keying characters
in a single unit (like a word or a sentence)
But keep the first M (thinking what to type).
Delete Ms that come between Pointing and Keying
(so PMK becomes PK)
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
83. 22 Queen Sq
Bristol
BS1 4ND
OK
62
Enter your Post Code
ADDRESS
M Figure out what to do
H Put hand on mouse
P Move the mouse into position
K Click into the text field
H Put hand on keyboard
MKKKKKKK Remember and Enter Post Code
M Figure out what to do
H Put hand on mouse
P Move the mouse into position and click OK
R Wait for the system to refresh (1.0 seconds)
M Figure out what to do
P Move the mouse into position
K Click the drop down list
M Figure out what to do
P Move the mouse into position
K Click on the correct item
R Wait for the system to refresh (0. 5 seconds)
M Check the address is correct
TOTAL = 17.0 seconds
BS1 4ND
84. 22 Queen Sq
Bristol
BS1 4ND
OK
62
Enter your Post Code
ADDRESS
M Figure out what to do
H Put hand on mouse
P Move the mouse into position
K Click into the text field
H Put hand on keyboard
MKKKKKKK Remember and Enter Post Code
M Figure out what to do
H Put hand on mouse
P Move the mouse into position and click OK
R Wait for the system to refresh (1.0 seconds)
M Figure out what to do
P Move the mouse into position
K Click the drop down list
M Figure out what to do
P Move the mouse into position
K Click on the correct item
R Wait for the system to refresh (0. 5 seconds)
M Check the address is correct
TOTAL = 17.0 seconds
6 points where you figure out what to do (M)
BS1 4ND
85. 63
ADDRESS
22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND
M Figure out what to do
H Put hand on mouse
P Move the mouse into position
K Click into the text field
H Put hands on keyboard
MKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Enter address
M Figure out what to do
H Put hand on mouse
P Move the pointer into position
K Click on the address
M Check the address is correct
TOTAL = 12.8 seconds
4 points where you figure out what to do (M)
90. 67
Rules for ‘Efficiency’
Minimise thinking, effort (clicks, movement)
No one likes home pages and start screens
Remember users’ preferences and behavior
Eliminate sources of error
Minimise response time and device bulk the
hidden UX differentiators
Don’t make experienced users act like novices
95. On/Off
Quick OSD (On-Screen Display menu)
FL Select (change the display on DVD player)
Open/Close (Eject DVD)
Advanced Disc Review (Review playlist)
AV Enhancer (Adjust audio and video)
Repeat (Repeat play)
Multi Re-Master (Improve audio quality)
Numeric Keypad
Depth Enhancer (Reduce picture ‘noise’)
Manual Skip (Skip 30 seconds forward)
Quick Replay (Skip back a few seconds)
Cancel
Skip Forward
Skip Back
Slow Forward
Slow Back
Stop
Pause
Play
Direct Navigator/Top Menu (Main menu)
Play List/Menu (Show a disk menu or play list)
Functions (Change on screen menu)
Return (Return to previous menu)
Up Arrow
Down Arrow
Left Arrow
Right Arrow
Enter
Subtitle
Audio (Change soundtracks)
Angle/Page (Change angle/advance still pictures)
Setup (Quick setup menu)
Play Mode (All/group/random play)
Play Speed (Changes play speed)
Zoom
Group (Selects groups of items to play)
71
104. Expert Mainstreamer
Focus on details focus on goals
Precise control Ease of control
Perfection Good enough
Principles Examples, stories
Deferred gratification I want it now!
invest time in learning What does RFTM mean?
80
106. 82
Rules for ‘Remove’
Features that add steps for unneeded fine control
Multiple ways of doing the same thing
Features that are responsible for a lot of errors
Unnecessary options and preferences
Visual clutter
Details that distract
125. 100
Rules for ‘Organise’
Follow patterns that the user knows
Clearly frame your terms of reference
Simple, consistent groupings
Highlight the single most important thing
Don’t force the user to learn codes
136. 111
Rules for ‘Hide’
Organise around patterns of use, not frequency
Look for behaviours that signal patterns of use
Let users go from general to specific
Ensure mainstreamer tasks are visible and
dominant
Trust expert users to find expert features
140. LONDON
OXFORD
STRATFORD-UPON-AVON
BATH
The Roman Baths
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing
elit. Morbi commodo, ipsum sed pharetra gravida, orci
magna rhoncus neque, id pulvinar odio lorem non
turpis.
Mon-Fri 0900-1830 (includes Bank Holidays)
Sat-Sun 0900-1730
Christmas: Closed
£10 Adults, £5 Children / Student / Over 65
Allow 1 hour minimum Add this
My Travel Plan
115
141. LONDON
OXFORD
STRATFORD-UPON-AVON
BATH
LOCATION ACTIVITY TIME
Bath
Excelsior
Hotel
N/A
Bath
The Roman
Baths
0930-1030
Bath
Train to
Oxford
1042-1153
Oxford
The King’s
Head
1230-1400
Oxford Punting 1415-1515
Oxford
Ashmolean
Museum
1530-1700
Oxford
Train to
London
1722-1835
My Travel Plan
The Roman Baths
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing
elit. Morbi commodo, ipsum sed pharetra gravida, orci
magna rhoncus neque, id pulvinar odio lorem non
turpis.
Mon-Fri 0900-1830 (includes Bank Holidays)
Sat-Sun 0900-1730
Christmas: Closed
£10 Adults, £5 Children / Student / Over 65
Allow 1 hour minimum Add this
116
149. 124
Simplicity does not mean the absence of
any decoration.
It means that the decor should belong
intimately to the design proper, and that
anything foreign to it should be taken
away.
Paul Jacques Grillo
152. 127
Name of product / service
Practical: it makes Simpler
Emotional: it makes me feel
Values: What it says about me
Experience Cheat Sheet
153. 128
Name of product / service
Practical: it makes Simpler
Emotional: it makes me feel
Values: What it says about me
Experience CHeat Sheet
Photojojo
Buying Photo
supplies
Playful
i’m Creative
160. 133
Rules for ‘Satisfaction’
Make something that works!
Remove pain points, errors, waiting
NEVER punish errors or experimentation
Turn key interactions and unavoidable pain points
into ‘signature moments’
Continual, small improvements
161. 134
Step by step
1. Displace
2. Remove
3. Organise
4. Hide
5. Add character
