“Politics and the pulpit are terms that have little agreement.” “The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing.” “It is not what a lawyer tells me I may do; but what humanity, reason, and justice tell me I ought to do.” ― Edmund Burke

1. HC&S – DIVERSIFIED AGRICULTURE
In January, 2016, Alexander & Baldwin Inc. announced that it is transitioning out of farming
sugar and will instead pursue a diversified agricultural model for its 36,000-acre Hawaiian
Commercial & Sugar Company plantation on Maui. [Emphasis Supplied]
HC&S General Manager, Rick Volner tells Maui Now that each of the crops and projects
that are being tested for diversified agriculture have different timelines. “Some of these are
really early on in the research and development. A lot of the crops that we’re looking at for
bio-energy production, as an example, really haven’t been grown in Hawai`i in large acreages.
They may have been grown in the past in very small quantities. We’re talking about growing
these on much, much larger acres. So that research and development may take time–it may
take a few years,” said Volner.
Mae Nakahata director of agricultural research and crop control at Hawaiian Commercial &
Sugar Company discussed the company’s sorghum trial site, located on 140 acres off of the
Mokulele Highway in Central Maui. She explained that while sweet sorghum is the source of
commercially sold molasses, forage sorghum like the one planted on Maui can be grown to
feed livestock and as a source for biofuel.
“We had an earlier testing of corn and different varieties of sorghum and we felt this was the
one that had the greatest potential, so we advanced here to a 140 acre trial. The neat thing
about sorghum is that it ratoons–in other words, after planting and harvest, it will regrow by
itself. This is the second cut and in our earlier tests we already had cut it four times and it’s
holding the yield–in fact it’s actually increasing yield, so that is really good news,” Nakahata
said.
“We also had daikon radish, and we’re actually looking at it to replace tractors, to till the soil,
because the daikon grows deep and it has a very deep taproot. So it breaks up compaction
(and) it adds organic matter,” Nakahata explained.
“I think this, along with other crop rotations we are looking at would work under our
conditions, but there is a lot of work to be done. We need people to understand and be
patient. We’re trying,” she said.
Volner said that as part of the diversified agriculture plans, HC&S is also looking at an
additional agricultural park or expansion of the current ag park, which he said could be on a
much shorter timeline. He said, that once the land and infrastructure are ready, “potentially
we could have farmers on the land within a year or less.”
Source: Wendy Osher. Maui Now. Maui Sugar: End of an Era – Diversified Agriculture
Trials Underway. Posted November 11, 2016. Updated November 14, 2016.
http://mauinow.com/2016/11/11/maui-sugar-end-of-an-era-diversified-agriculture-trials-
underway/#comments Web Accessed: December 22, 2016

2. HC&S – DIVERSIFIED AGRICULTURE – WATER NEEDS
The four approved holdover permits will allow Alexander and Baldwin to continue diverting
as much as 80 million gallons of water each day. To put that into perspective,
every day the entire island of O`ahu uses double that amount. [Emphasis Supplied]
Rick Volner, general manager of HC&S, says A&B does have a plan. The company hopes to
use the water for diversified agriculture, and already has trial crops in the ground.
“Keeping that green open space in Central Maui are all in the public’s best interest,” said
Volner. “We feel very strongly that we need to continue to have access to those waters so
that we can develop those future opportunities. We look forward to being able to support
and stay part of the Maui agricultural community.”
The approval of the holdover permits did come with conditions.
The Land Board said Alexander and Baldwin must agree not to
waste water, and will have to fully restore more than a dozen
diverted streams in East Maui.
[Emphasis Supplied]
Source: Molly Solomon. Hawaii Public Radio. BLNR: Alexander & Baldwin Can Continue
to Divert Maui Streams. December 12, 2016. http://hawaiipublicradio.org/post/blnr-
alexander-baldwin-can-continue-divert-maui-streams
____________________
STATE OF HAWAII AGRICULTURAL WATER USE
AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN (AWUDP)
http://files.hawaii.gov/dlnr/cwrm/planning/awudp2004.pdf
“[E]stimating agricultural water demand for
diversified crop farming is simply to multiply the
acreage required by the irrigation water
application rate of 3,400 gpd/acre. [T]he amount
of water applied is based upon good farming
practices to meet only the consumptive needs for
plant growth and upon good conservation practices
encouraged by the economic cost of the water.
[T]he figure of 3,400 gpd/acre is considered to be
a practical consumptive water use rate which does
not include irrigation system water losses.”

3. BACKGROUND
__________________
STATE OF HAWAII AGRICULTURAL WATER USE AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN (AWUDP)
Source: State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources, Commission on Water Resource Management.
http://files.hawaii.gov/dlnr/cwrm/planning/awudp2004.pdf Web Accessed: December 22, 2016
DETERMINING IRRIGATION WATER USE RATE (DIVERSIFIED
AGRICULTURE)
Pages 174 – 175.
One of the most practical and effective methods of estimating agricultural water use is to
measure the amount of irrigation water applied to a crop or general group of crops, such as
meant by the term “diversified crops” and “diversified farming” under actual conditions of the
farmed land and routines of the farmer. Contrary to past irrigation practices in Hawaii,
agricultural water use is more and more being metered as irrigation system improvements are
carried out and as required by system operators and the State Water Code. With the keeping of
monthly records of metered water use and the corresponding acreage irrigated, sufficient data is
being collected in which the rate of application of irrigation water, expressed as gallons per day
per acre (gpd/ac), can be determined, especially for diversified agriculture farming.
DETERMINING AGRICULTURAL ACREAGE REQUIRED. Pages 175 – 178
Based upon the goals and objective discussed in this Chapter, the additional acreage required for
diversified agriculture was determined as the second step in forecasting agricultural water
demand for the 20-year planning period. However, due to time constraint and limited funds,
the methodology used to estimate the additional acreage required to meet Hawaii’s future
diversified agriculture needs was limited to an analysis of three factors: (1) annual population
projections, (2) replacing imported fresh vegetables and fruits, and (3) maintaining past growth
rate of farm values. Data and information obtained from the Hawaii Agricultural Statistics
annual publications and various reports by HASS and HDOA were used in developing the
methodology.
DETERMINING AGRICULTURAL WATER DEMAND. Pages 178 – 179
The third and final step to estimating agricultural water demand for diversified crop farming is
simply to multiply the acreage required by the irrigation water application rate of 3,400
gpd/acre. It is assumed that the amount of water applied is based upon good farming practices
to meet only the consumptive needs for plant growth and upon good conservation practices
encouraged by the economic cost of the water. Consequently, the figure of 3,400 gpd/acre is
considered to be a practical consumptive water use rate which does not include
irrigation system water losses. Irrigation system water losses, which would require a
comprehensive field investigation of flow measurements and analyses, have not been studied by
the HDOA. [Emphasis Supplied]
Chapter 14. EAST MAUI IRRIGATION SYSTEM Pages 135 – 137 [Extract]

4. EXISTING CONDITIONS
Ownership & Management:
The East Maui Irrigation System is owned and managed by the East Maui Irrigation Co., Ltd., a
wholly owned subsidiary of Alexander & Baldwin, Inc.
The East Maui Irrigation Co. controlled all the surface water to HC&S supplied through the
East Maui Irrigation System. Ground waters were controlled by HC&S itself.
Employment: 18 full-time employees
Average Delivery: 165 million gallons per day (mgd)
Delivery Capacity:
• Wailoa Ditch 195 mgd
• New Hamakua Ditch 100 mgd
• Lowrie Ditch 70 mgd
• Haiku Ditch 70 mgd
Total Capacity 435 mgd
ASSESSMENT OF NEEDS
Due to time constraints and limited funds, no assessment of the system’s needs was conducted.
Future studies will include a detailed evaluation of this system, including an assessment of
improvements needed. Consequently, no cost estimates for improvements or maintenance of
the system were prepared for this report.
The staff of employees conduct normal maintenance which consists of road and trail
maintenance, ditch and tunnel cleaning, brush and tree removal, and minor repairs to stream
intakes, etc. Storm damage repairs require special or urgent attention because storms usually
threaten the physical integrity of system, although they occur infrequently (over a period of
several years). No estimates of costs for maintenance or capital improvement were prepared for
this report due to time constraints and limited funds.
___________________
Chapter 16. WEST MAUI IRRIGATION SYSTEM Pages 143 – 145 [Extract]
EXISTING CONDITIONS
Ownership:
• Wailuku Agribusiness Co., Inc. (WAB)
• Alexander & Baldwin, Inc. (A&B)
Management:
Wailuku Agribusiness and Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. A maintenance crew of 4 to 5
persons maintains the West Maui Irrigation System.

5. Ditches: • Waihee—owned in fee by WAB with perpetual easements in some.
sections. • Spreckels—owned in fee by WAB with perpetual easements in some
sections from Waihee Stream to South Waiehu Stream. A&B owns in fee
from South Waiehu Stream to HC&S reservoirs 73 and 74.
Average Delivery: 45 million gallons per day (mgd)
Delivery Capacity:
• Waihee Ditch – 70 mgd
• Spreckels Ditch – 50 mgd
Total Capacity 100 mgd
ASSESSMENT OF NEEDS Due to time constraints and limited funds, no assessment of the
system’s needs was conducted. Future studies will include a detailed evaluation of this system,
including an assessment of improvements needed. Consequently, no cost estimates for
improvements or maintenance of the system were prepared for this report.
__________________
Chapter 11. UPCOUNTRY MAUI IRRIGATION SYSTEM Pages 107 – 113 [Extract]
The system was started by Maui County in 1912 to serve the water needs of upland region of
Olinda and Kula by diverting stream flows from Haipuaena, Puohokamoa, and Waikamoi
Streams and their tributaries. It was originally built as a potable water system, but later
developed into a dual water system to meet the needs of farms developing along the upcountry
Kula region. The stream diversions consisted of inlet boxes located behind low masonry dams
and the water was conveyed by pipes and flumes. At Waikamoi, the diverted flows are merged
into storage created instream and offstream. These flows were then transmitted via pipeline to
reservoirs at Waikamoi, Olinda, Omaopio, Alae, and numerous small capacity tanks located
along the distribution pipeline route. At the twin Waikamoi Reservoirs inflows are piped from 6
streams which are located on the western side of the watershed. The total storage capacity was
less than 50 MG, which was inadequate during low rainfall or high-irrigation periods. The
collection system is currently operated and maintained by the Maui Department of
Water Supply under agreements between the East Maui Irrigation Co. and the County
of Maui. [Emphasis Supplied]
ASSESSMENT OF NEEDS
The assessment of needs presented be low was taken from the Upcountry Maui Watershed
Final Plan prepared in 1997 by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service under the
Watershed and Flood Prevention Act, Public Law 83-566. The Watershed Plan has been
approved and accepted by the local project sponsors, the HDOA and the respective local Soil &
Water Conservation District in which region the project is located.
The Watershed Plan has been developed to meet the Federal and Sponsors' objectives of
developing viable agricultural industry by providing adequate and consistent agricultural water
supply.

6. The major concern is that the existing system cannot provide adequate supply to meet water
demands during low rainfall periods. The system is unable to make optimum use of the water
resources available in the region because portions of the collection system, transmission, and
storage components are not adequately sized to permit capture, storage, and conservation of
storm flows during abundant periods of rainfall. The existing system was built in a piece-meal
fashion as both municipal and agricultural water users increased over the years, resulting in the
current system. The existing system utilizes surface water sources; and, therefore, it must
conform with the federal Clean Water Act, which increases the cost of providing potable water
for municipal users, but unnecessarily so for agricultural users. The system’s transmission
pipelines are inadequate to meet the irrigation needs of farmers on the downstream end of the
system. Also, storage capacity is inadequate to meet peak irrigation demands.
The Watershed Plan meets national and state objectives of developing viable agricultural
businesses by providing adequate and reliable water supply for farming use.
PROPOSED CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS
The Upcountry Maui Irrigation System will include a total of 49,500 ft or 9.4 miles of
distribution pipeline that will be installed from the Olinda Water Treatment Plant to Keokea …