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GROSS ANATOMY OF THE
OVARY,FEMALE EXTERNAL
GENITALIA AND MALE EXTERNAL
GENITALIA
BY
DR KELECHI DURUH
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
UNEC
1
MALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA
• Includes scrotum and the penis
SCROTUM
• Scrotum is an outpouching of the lower
abdominal wall
• Sparse hair, no fat
• Contains the testes , it’s coverings, epididymis
and spermatic cords
• Has thin muscular layer , dartos muscle
• Contracted when cold, causing wrinkling
• Spermatic cord has cremaster muscle
2
Presentation1.pptx
 Blood supply
Superficial and deep external pudendal vessels
Perineal vessels
 Nerve supply
 Anterior one third by ilioinguinal nerve (L1) and
the genital branch of the genitofemoral(L1)
 Posterior two third by scrotal branch of perineal
nerve(S3) supported by perineal branch of
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve(S2)
4
PENIS
• Has a root , body and cap
• Bulb of the root attached to the inferior
surface of perineal membrane
• Crus attached to the margin of the ischiopubic
ramus on each side
• Bulb continues forward as corpus spongiosum,
rounding up at the tip as glans penis
• Glans penis overlaps the distal ends of the
corpora carvernosa
5
6
• The crus extends on each side as corpus
carvenosum
• Ventral to the root, the corpora carvenosa and
the corpus spongiosum are bound together to
form the body
• Penile urethra runs through the length of the
corpus spongiosum
7
8
• Each corpus is bound by a tough fibrous sheath
,the tunica albuginea
• Tunica albuginea of spongiosum enlarges
distally to sheath the glans
• The corpora in their fibrous sheath are
encircled by the deep fascia of the penis
• The deep fascia is attached to the front of the
pubic symphysis by the suspensary ligament of
the penis
9
• The midline deep dorsal vein , with a dorsal
artery on each side and more laterally a dorsal
nerve lies deep in the deep fascia
• The skin is hairless and prolonged forwards to
form prepuce
• Beneath the skin ,is the superficial fascia
• In the midline is the superficial dorsal vein
accompanied by lymphatics
10
Blood supply
• Three pairs from internal pudendal
 Artery to the bulb. Supplies corpus
spongiosum and the glans
 Deep artery of the penis. Supplies the
corpus carvenosum.
 The dorsal artery of the penis. Supplies
the skin , fascia and glans
11
• The skin also receives branches from
superficial external pudendal
• Anastomosis between artery of the bulb and
dorsal artery
• Venous return by veins accompanying arteries
• Lymphatic drainage of penile skin is to
superficial inguinal nodes, corpora and glans
to deep inguinal nodes
12
Nerve supply
• Pudendal ,mainly S2 dermatome.
• Small portion of proximal dorsum supplied by
L1—ilioinguinal nerve
13
OVARY
• Ovary is a paired pelvic organ.
• Ovoid shaped
• About 3cm long,2cm wide and 1cm thick
• Smaller before menarche and after
menopause
• Attached to the cornu of the uterus by
ligament of the ovary
14
15
• Anterior border attached to the posterior leaf
of the broad ligament by mesovarum
• Rest of surface covered by cuboidal
epithelium
• Lateral surface lies in the angle between the
internal and external iliac vessels
• Medial surface is mainly related to the uterine
tube
16
Blood supply to the ovary
17
Blood supply
• Ovarian artery,branch of abdominal aorta
• Ovarian veins form a plexus in the
mesovarium and the suspensary
ligament(pampiniform plexus)
• The plexus drain into a pair of ovarian veins
that accompany the ovarian artery
• Right ovarian vein joins the IVC
18
• Left ovarian vein joins the left renal vein
• Lymphatics of the ovary drain to para-aortic
nodes along L2
• Some lymphatic drainage through round
ligament to inguinal nodes and canal
• Few lymphatics pass to opposite ovary across
the fundus of uterus
19
NERVE SUPPLY
• Sympathetic fibers from aortic
plexus,accompanied by sensory fibers
• Parasympathetic from hypogastric plexus via
uterine artery
20
FEMALE EXTERNAL
GENITALIA
• Mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris,
vestibule, bulbs of the vestibule and the greater
vestibular glands
• Also known as vulva
• Labia majoratwo folds of hairy skin with
underlying fat pads.
Joined anteriorly as anterior commissure
Linked by a connecting skin posteriorly , posterior
commissure
21
FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA
22
• Labia minoratwo folds hairless skin located
medial to the majora.
 Forms the boundary of the vestibule
Anteriorly, it splits into upper(lateral)part
which forms the prepuce and a
lower(medial)part which form the frenulum of
the clitoris
Posteriorly,they are united by a small skin fold
,the frenulum of the labia
23
• Clitoris lies at the anterior ends of the labia
minora
Homologous with the penis
Does not transmit urethra
Formed by two miniature corpora cavernosa
and anterior ends of the bulbs of the
vestibule.
It’s tip is the glans
24
• Vestibule bounded by the labia minora.
Contains the external urethral meatus,the
vaginal orifice, the ducts of the greater
vestibular glands(bartolin),lesser vestibular
glands,paraurethral glands(skene) and hymen
Bulb of the vestibule a paired mass of
erectile tissue on each of the vaginal orifice.
Covered by bulbospongiosus muscle
25
Blood supply
From internal pudendal
• Posterior labia branch from perineal artery
• Arteries of the bulb
• Deep arteries of the clitoris
• Dorsal arteries of the clitoris
26
Superficial external pudendal
• Branches to the skin of mons pubis and labia
majora
Veins accompany the arteries
Lymphatic drainage
• Labia majora,mons pubissuperficial
inguinalexternal iliac nodeslumbar nodes
• Clitoris,labia minoradeep inguinalexternal
iliac nodeslumbar nodes
27
THANK YOU
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Presentation1.pptx

  • 1. GROSS ANATOMY OF THE OVARY,FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA AND MALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA BY DR KELECHI DURUH DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY UNEC 1
  • 2. MALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA • Includes scrotum and the penis SCROTUM • Scrotum is an outpouching of the lower abdominal wall • Sparse hair, no fat • Contains the testes , it’s coverings, epididymis and spermatic cords • Has thin muscular layer , dartos muscle • Contracted when cold, causing wrinkling • Spermatic cord has cremaster muscle 2
  • 4.  Blood supply Superficial and deep external pudendal vessels Perineal vessels  Nerve supply  Anterior one third by ilioinguinal nerve (L1) and the genital branch of the genitofemoral(L1)  Posterior two third by scrotal branch of perineal nerve(S3) supported by perineal branch of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve(S2) 4
  • 5. PENIS • Has a root , body and cap • Bulb of the root attached to the inferior surface of perineal membrane • Crus attached to the margin of the ischiopubic ramus on each side • Bulb continues forward as corpus spongiosum, rounding up at the tip as glans penis • Glans penis overlaps the distal ends of the corpora carvernosa 5
  • 6. 6
  • 7. • The crus extends on each side as corpus carvenosum • Ventral to the root, the corpora carvenosa and the corpus spongiosum are bound together to form the body • Penile urethra runs through the length of the corpus spongiosum 7
  • 8. 8
  • 9. • Each corpus is bound by a tough fibrous sheath ,the tunica albuginea • Tunica albuginea of spongiosum enlarges distally to sheath the glans • The corpora in their fibrous sheath are encircled by the deep fascia of the penis • The deep fascia is attached to the front of the pubic symphysis by the suspensary ligament of the penis 9
  • 10. • The midline deep dorsal vein , with a dorsal artery on each side and more laterally a dorsal nerve lies deep in the deep fascia • The skin is hairless and prolonged forwards to form prepuce • Beneath the skin ,is the superficial fascia • In the midline is the superficial dorsal vein accompanied by lymphatics 10
  • 11. Blood supply • Three pairs from internal pudendal  Artery to the bulb. Supplies corpus spongiosum and the glans  Deep artery of the penis. Supplies the corpus carvenosum.  The dorsal artery of the penis. Supplies the skin , fascia and glans 11
  • 12. • The skin also receives branches from superficial external pudendal • Anastomosis between artery of the bulb and dorsal artery • Venous return by veins accompanying arteries • Lymphatic drainage of penile skin is to superficial inguinal nodes, corpora and glans to deep inguinal nodes 12
  • 13. Nerve supply • Pudendal ,mainly S2 dermatome. • Small portion of proximal dorsum supplied by L1—ilioinguinal nerve 13
  • 14. OVARY • Ovary is a paired pelvic organ. • Ovoid shaped • About 3cm long,2cm wide and 1cm thick • Smaller before menarche and after menopause • Attached to the cornu of the uterus by ligament of the ovary 14
  • 15. 15
  • 16. • Anterior border attached to the posterior leaf of the broad ligament by mesovarum • Rest of surface covered by cuboidal epithelium • Lateral surface lies in the angle between the internal and external iliac vessels • Medial surface is mainly related to the uterine tube 16
  • 17. Blood supply to the ovary 17
  • 18. Blood supply • Ovarian artery,branch of abdominal aorta • Ovarian veins form a plexus in the mesovarium and the suspensary ligament(pampiniform plexus) • The plexus drain into a pair of ovarian veins that accompany the ovarian artery • Right ovarian vein joins the IVC 18
  • 19. • Left ovarian vein joins the left renal vein • Lymphatics of the ovary drain to para-aortic nodes along L2 • Some lymphatic drainage through round ligament to inguinal nodes and canal • Few lymphatics pass to opposite ovary across the fundus of uterus 19
  • 20. NERVE SUPPLY • Sympathetic fibers from aortic plexus,accompanied by sensory fibers • Parasympathetic from hypogastric plexus via uterine artery 20
  • 21. FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA • Mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, bulbs of the vestibule and the greater vestibular glands • Also known as vulva • Labia majoratwo folds of hairy skin with underlying fat pads. Joined anteriorly as anterior commissure Linked by a connecting skin posteriorly , posterior commissure 21
  • 23. • Labia minoratwo folds hairless skin located medial to the majora.  Forms the boundary of the vestibule Anteriorly, it splits into upper(lateral)part which forms the prepuce and a lower(medial)part which form the frenulum of the clitoris Posteriorly,they are united by a small skin fold ,the frenulum of the labia 23
  • 24. • Clitoris lies at the anterior ends of the labia minora Homologous with the penis Does not transmit urethra Formed by two miniature corpora cavernosa and anterior ends of the bulbs of the vestibule. It’s tip is the glans 24
  • 25. • Vestibule bounded by the labia minora. Contains the external urethral meatus,the vaginal orifice, the ducts of the greater vestibular glands(bartolin),lesser vestibular glands,paraurethral glands(skene) and hymen Bulb of the vestibule a paired mass of erectile tissue on each of the vaginal orifice. Covered by bulbospongiosus muscle 25
  • 26. Blood supply From internal pudendal • Posterior labia branch from perineal artery • Arteries of the bulb • Deep arteries of the clitoris • Dorsal arteries of the clitoris 26
  • 27. Superficial external pudendal • Branches to the skin of mons pubis and labia majora Veins accompany the arteries Lymphatic drainage • Labia majora,mons pubissuperficial inguinalexternal iliac nodeslumbar nodes • Clitoris,labia minoradeep inguinalexternal iliac nodeslumbar nodes 27