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User mobility and Location management Present: Chen Jen

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Outline <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>IP and mobility </li></ul><ul><li>Location determination </li></ul><ul><li>Location data access </li></ul>

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Introduction <ul><li>Maintain an IP connection when roaming between network </li></ul><ul><li>Describe handset-based and network-base to determine mobile user location. </li></ul><ul><li>Location track approaches. </li></ul>

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Outline <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>IP and mobility </li></ul><ul><li>Location determination </li></ul><ul><li>Location data access </li></ul>

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IP and mobility <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>Mobile IP packet routing </li></ul><ul><li>Agent discovery and registration </li></ul>

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Introduction(1) <ul><li>IP is network interface </li></ul><ul><li>It is unique </li></ul><ul><li>Network prefix and host portion consist an IP </li></ul><ul><li>For example: IPv4 is 32bits address 128.32.17.25 </li></ul>Network prefix Host portion

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Introduction(2) <ul><li>New version is IPv6 </li></ul><ul><li>It is 128bits </li></ul><ul><li>Mobile operators are strong advocate the IPv6 </li></ul>

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IP and mobility <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>Mobile IP packet routing </li></ul><ul><li>Agent discovery and registration </li></ul>

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Mobile IP packet routing

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IP and mobility <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>Mobile IP packet routing </li></ul><ul><li>Agent discovery and registration </li></ul>

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Agent discovery and registration <ul><li>Mobile terminal need listen “ agent advertisements ” </li></ul><ul><li>If no hear any things,it can issue “ agent solicitation ” </li></ul><ul><li>If no response, it can be assigned internet address by DHCP </li></ul>

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Agent discovery and registration <ul><li>IPv4 need foreign agent </li></ul><ul><li>IPv6 no need foreign agent </li></ul><ul><li>Terminal run “ duplicate address detection ” algorithm to be assigned address </li></ul>

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Outline <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>IP and mobility </li></ul><ul><li>Location determination </li></ul><ul><li>Location data access </li></ul>

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Location determination <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>Handset-based position determination </li></ul><ul><li>Network-based position determination </li></ul>

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Introduction(1) <ul><li>Geocode includes </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Latitude </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Longitude </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Altitude </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Geocodes can be expressed </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Decimal form </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Nautical form </li></ul></ul>

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Introduction(2)

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Introduction(3) Nautical form: 42 º2’47”N 87º41’40”W Decimal form: Latitude 42.04635 Longitude -8769454

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Introduction(4) <ul><li>Three wireless location technologies for 3G network </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Cell-ID-based method </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Assisted Global Positioning System (A-GPS) </li></ul></ul>

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Location determination <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>Handset-based position determination </li></ul><ul><li>Network-based position determination </li></ul>

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Handset-based position determination <ul><li>Use mobile terminal to compute position </li></ul><ul><ul><li>OTDOA positioning </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>GPS positioning </li></ul></ul>

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OTDOA positioning(1) <ul><li>Use two pairs of cell sites to sent each corresponding time </li></ul><ul><li>Measurement use difference of arrival time to draw a hyperbolic locus </li></ul><ul><li>The intersection of the two hyperbolic loci determines position </li></ul>

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OTDOA positioning(2)

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Handset-based position determination <ul><li>Use mobile terminal to compute position </li></ul><ul><ul><li>OTDOA positioning </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>GPS positioning </li></ul></ul>

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GPS positioning(1) <ul><li>A satellite navigation system </li></ul><ul><li>Total of 24 GPS satellites </li></ul><ul><li>Only need four GPS satellites to compute position </li></ul><ul><li>Galileo will own 27 operational satellites in 2008 </li></ul>

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GPS positioning(2) <ul><li>GPS main errors are </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Signal propagation delays </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Multipath fading </li></ul></ul><ul><li>More accurate position computations were introduced </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Differential GPS (D-GPS) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Assisted GPS (A-GPS) </li></ul></ul>

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GPS positioning(3) D-GPS

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GPS positioning(4) A-GPS

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Location determination <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>Handset-based position determination </li></ul><ul><li>Network-based position determination </li></ul>

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Network-based position determination(1) <ul><li>No require upgrades </li></ul><ul><li>Cell sites need special equipment </li></ul><ul><li>Cell identification(cell-ID) is most basic and inaccurate </li></ul><ul><li>Accuracy of cell-ID is about </li></ul><ul><ul><li>150 meters in urban area </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>30 kilometers in rural areas </li></ul></ul>

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Network-based position determination(2) <ul><li>Network-based OTDOA discriminate </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Location Measurement Units (LMUs) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Location Service Center (LSC) </li></ul></ul><ul><li>LMUs record time of arrival of radio signals </li></ul><ul><li>LSC compute the LMUs hyperbolic locus and intersectional point </li></ul>

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Network-based position determination(3)

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Outline <ul><li>Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>IP and mobility </li></ul><ul><li>Location determination </li></ul><ul><li>Location data access </li></ul>

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Location data access (1) <ul><li>Standard location immediate service </li></ul><ul><li>Emergency location immediate service </li></ul><ul><li>Standard location reporting service </li></ul><ul><li>Emergency location reporting service </li></ul><ul><li>Triggered location reporting service </li></ul>

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Location data access (2) POI =Point of interest