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Writing engaging tutorials
  Making them come back for more


                     Christian Heilmann
           Yahoo! Frontend Engineering Summit UK
                       December 2007

       http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
There is no perfect tutorial.
… as there is no “one”
      audience.
One thing to keep in mind is
  the perceived speed of the
internet and the impatience of
          developers.
We are much more patient
when it comes to assembling
 a plumbing unit in our flat
than when it comes to using
    other people’s code.
Developers work with the
IKEA model when using code
     that is not theirs:
Developers work with the
IKEA model when using code
     that is not theirs:

 Open it, mess around, start
reading when you get stuck.
Developers work with the
IKEA model when using code
     that is not theirs:

 Open it, mess around, start
reading when you get stuck.
  Complain when you find a
   channel that answers.
Readers I encountered:
Readers I encountered:

– Give me all the information, I find
  what I need.
Readers I encountered:

– Give me all the information, I find
  what I need.
– Get me a step-by-step instruction
  how to do things
Readers I encountered:

– Give me all the information, I find
  what I need.
– Get me a step-by-step instruction
  how to do things
– I want to click on things and see
  how they work, then read.
Readers I encountered:
Readers I encountered:

– I need something to copy + paste
  and get on with it myself
Readers I encountered:

– I need something to copy + paste
  and get on with it myself
– I don’t get it, can you show me?
Readers I encountered:

– I need something to copy + paste
  and get on with it myself
– I don’t get it, can you show me?
– Doesn’t work for me, I know better
  and this never worked in my
  professional environment.
Catering for them all is tricky.
However, readers are not
Pokemons – you don’t need
    to catch them all.
Start with the basics
Start with the basics

– Why is this a good idea
– Which real-life day to day web
  development problem is solved by it.
– What is the level of this tutorial – what
  do you need to know.
– Show a prominent link to a working
  example – if there is a visual outcome
  use a linked screenshot.
Start with the basics

– Why is this a good idea
– Which real-life day to day web
  development problem is solved by it.
– What is the level of this tutorial – what
  do you need to know.
– Show a prominent link to a working
  example – if there is a visual outcome
  use a linked screenshot.
Start with the basics

– Why is this a good idea
– Which real-life day to day web
  development problem is solved by it.
– What is the level of this tutorial – what
  do you need to know.
– Show a prominent link to a working
  example – if there is a visual outcome
  use a linked screenshot.
Start with the basics

– Why is this a good idea
– Which real-life day to day web
  development problem is solved by it.
– What is the level of this tutorial – what
  do you need to know.
– Show a prominent link to a working
  example – if there is a visual outcome
  use a linked screenshot.
Start with the basics

– Offer links to full documentation
  elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN)
– Offer the download package with code
  examples or image templates upfront.
– Give an estimate as to how long it
  should take to go through this tutorial.
– Say your name, a way to contact you
  and when you wrote this.
Start with the basics

– Offer links to full documentation
  elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN)
– Offer the download package with code
  examples or image templates upfront.
– Give an estimate as to how long it
  should take to go through this tutorial.
– Say your name, a way to contact you
  and when you wrote this.
Start with the basics

– Offer links to full documentation
  elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN)
– Offer the download package with code
  examples or image templates upfront.
– Give an estimate as to how long it
  should take to go through this tutorial.
– Say your name, a way to contact you
  and when you wrote this.
Start with the basics

– Offer links to full documentation
  elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN)
– Offer the download package with code
  examples or image templates upfront.
– Give an estimate as to how long it
  should take to go through this tutorial.
– Say your name, a way to contact you
  and when you wrote this.
Start with the basics

– Offer links to full documentation
  elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN)
– Offer the download package with code
  examples or image templates upfront.
– Give an estimate as to how long it
  should take to go through this tutorial.
– Say your name, a way to contact you
  and when you wrote this.
Offer landmarks
Offer landmarks
– Offer a “quick jump / table of contents”
  feature – this also allows bookmarking
– Cut the tutorial up into logical steps /
  units with useful headings (don’t try to
  be funny)
– Add a link to the state of the code at
  each step – so people can follow the
  changes without needing to copy and
  paste.
Offer landmarks
– Offer a “quick jump / table of contents”
  feature – this also allows bookmarking
– Cut the tutorial up into logical steps /
  units with useful headings (don’t try to
  be funny)
– Add a link to the state of the code at
  each step – so people can follow the
  changes without needing to copy and
  paste.
Offer landmarks
– Offer a “quick jump / table of contents”
  feature – this also allows bookmarking
– Cut the tutorial up into logical steps /
  units with useful headings (don’t try to
  be funny)
– Add a link to the state of the code at
  each step – so people can follow the
  changes without needing to copy and
  paste.
Language
Language

– PBE - Plain Bloody English
– Explain your TLAs
– Explain product names and special
  terms
– Use short sentences.
– Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader
  with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
Language

– PBE - Plain Bloody English
– Explain your TLAs
– Explain product names and special
  terms
– Use short sentences.
– Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader
  with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
Language

– PBE - Plain Bloody English
– Explain your TLAs
– Explain product names and special
  terms
– Use short sentences.
– Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader
  with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
Language

– PBE - Plain Bloody English
– Explain your TLAs
– Explain product names and special
  terms
– Use short sentences.
– Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader
  with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
Language

– PBE - Plain Bloody English
– Explain your TLAs
– Explain product names and special
  terms
– Use short sentences.
– Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader
  with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
Language

– PBE - Plain Bloody English
– Explain your TLAs
– Explain product names and special
  terms
– Use short sentences.
– Avoid the “I” - instead invite the reader
  with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
Credibility
Credibility

– Back up your statements with examples.
– Back up your statements with third party
  resources.
– Never hush up errors you made. If
  feedback changes your tutorial, thank
  the commenter and add the changes.
  <del>/<ins>
Credibility

– Back up your statements with examples.
– Back up your statements with third party
  resources.
– Never hush up errors you made. If
  feedback changes your tutorial, thank
  the commenter and add the changes.
  <del>/<ins>
Credibility

– Back up your statements with examples.
– Back up your statements with third party
  resources.
– Never hush up errors you made. If
  feedback changes your tutorial, thank
  the commenter and add the changes.
  <del>/<ins>
Credibility

– Back up your statements with examples.
– Back up your statements with third party
  resources.
– Never hush up errors you made. If
  feedback changes your tutorial, thank
  the commenter and add the changes.
  <del>/<ins>
– Have an editor / reviewer
Leaving them hungry
Leaving them hungry

– Offer extra problems / other application
  ideas at the end and let people try them
  out.
– Hint at more tricks in the same vain or
  link to other tutorials.
– Show high-class solutions using that
  trick (which awesome sites use it)
Leaving them hungry

– Offer extra problems / other application
  ideas at the end and let people try them
  out.
– Hint at more tricks in the same vain or
  link to other tutorials.
– Show high-class solutions using that
  trick (which awesome sites use it)
Leaving them hungry

– Offer extra problems / other application
  ideas at the end and let people try them
  out.
– Hint at more tricks in the same vain or
  link to other tutorials.
– Show high-class solutions using that
  trick (which awesome sites use it)
Traps to avoid!

– Don’t offer the solutions to code
  exercises, people will only copy + paste
  and learn nothing.
– Don’t cut up code into non-executable
  chunks, show the whole script then
  repeat the parts bit-by-bit.
– Stick to one solution per tutorial and
  explain this one well.
Traps to avoid!

– Don’t offer the solutions to code
  exercises, people will only copy + paste
  and learn nothing.
– Don’t cut up code into non-executable
  chunks, show the whole script then
  repeat the parts bit-by-bit.
– Stick to one solution per tutorial and
  explain this one well.
Traps to avoid!

– Don’t offer the solutions to code
  exercises, people will only copy + paste
  and learn nothing.
– Don’t cut up code into non-executable
  chunks, show the whole script then
  repeat the parts bit-by-bit.
– Stick to one solution per tutorial and
  explain this one well.
Traps to avoid!

– Don’t offer the solutions to code
  exercises, people will only copy + paste
  and learn nothing.
– Don’t cut up code into non-executable
  chunks, show the whole script then
  repeat the parts bit-by-bit.
– Stick to one solution per tutorial and
  explain this one well.
Maintenance
Maintenance

– Don’t leave your tutorials to collect
  dust.
– If they become outdated, find a
  better, up-to-date solution and link
  or even redirect to this one.
– We have more than enough
  information graveyards.
Maintenance

– Don’t leave your tutorials to collect
  dust.
– If they become outdated, find a
  better, up-to-date solution and link
  or even redirect to this one.
– We have more than enough
  information graveyards.
Maintenance

– Don’t leave your tutorials to collect
  dust.
– If they become outdated, find a
  better, up-to-date solution and link
  or even redirect to this one.
– We have more than enough
  information graveyards.
What are you in for?

– Last but not least, it is not about
  you!
– You will get positive and negative
  comments targeted at you and not
  the subject.
– Don’t take any of these serious.
– Most of your readers will never
  contact you or take part.
What are you in for?

– Last but not least, it is not about
  you!
– You will get positive and negative
  comments targeted at you and not
  the subject.
– Don’t take any of these serious.
– Most of your readers will never
  contact you or take part.
What are you in for?

– Last but not least, it is not about
  you!
– You will get positive and negative
  comments targeted at you and not
  the subject.
– Don’t take any of these serious.
– Most of your readers will never
  contact you or take part.
What are you in for?

– Last but not least, it is not about
  you!
– You will get positive and negative
  comments targeted at you and not
  the subject.
– Don’t take any of these serious.
– Most of your readers will never
  contact you or take part.
What are you in for?

– Last but not least, it is not about
  you!
– You will get positive and negative
  comments targeted at you and not
  the subject.
– Don’t take any of these serious.
– Most of your readers will never
  contact you or take part.
THANKS!


    http://wait-till-i.com
chris.heilmann@gmail.com

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Writing engaging tutorials

  • 1. Writing engaging tutorials Making them come back for more Christian Heilmann Yahoo! Frontend Engineering Summit UK December 2007 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
  • 2. There is no perfect tutorial.
  • 3. … as there is no “one” audience.
  • 4. One thing to keep in mind is the perceived speed of the internet and the impatience of developers.
  • 5. We are much more patient when it comes to assembling a plumbing unit in our flat than when it comes to using other people’s code.
  • 6. Developers work with the IKEA model when using code that is not theirs:
  • 7. Developers work with the IKEA model when using code that is not theirs: Open it, mess around, start reading when you get stuck.
  • 8. Developers work with the IKEA model when using code that is not theirs: Open it, mess around, start reading when you get stuck. Complain when you find a channel that answers.
  • 10. Readers I encountered: – Give me all the information, I find what I need.
  • 11. Readers I encountered: – Give me all the information, I find what I need. – Get me a step-by-step instruction how to do things
  • 12. Readers I encountered: – Give me all the information, I find what I need. – Get me a step-by-step instruction how to do things – I want to click on things and see how they work, then read.
  • 14. Readers I encountered: – I need something to copy + paste and get on with it myself
  • 15. Readers I encountered: – I need something to copy + paste and get on with it myself – I don’t get it, can you show me?
  • 16. Readers I encountered: – I need something to copy + paste and get on with it myself – I don’t get it, can you show me? – Doesn’t work for me, I know better and this never worked in my professional environment.
  • 17. Catering for them all is tricky.
  • 18. However, readers are not Pokemons – you don’t need to catch them all.
  • 19. Start with the basics
  • 20. Start with the basics – Why is this a good idea – Which real-life day to day web development problem is solved by it. – What is the level of this tutorial – what do you need to know. – Show a prominent link to a working example – if there is a visual outcome use a linked screenshot.
  • 21. Start with the basics – Why is this a good idea – Which real-life day to day web development problem is solved by it. – What is the level of this tutorial – what do you need to know. – Show a prominent link to a working example – if there is a visual outcome use a linked screenshot.
  • 22. Start with the basics – Why is this a good idea – Which real-life day to day web development problem is solved by it. – What is the level of this tutorial – what do you need to know. – Show a prominent link to a working example – if there is a visual outcome use a linked screenshot.
  • 23. Start with the basics – Why is this a good idea – Which real-life day to day web development problem is solved by it. – What is the level of this tutorial – what do you need to know. – Show a prominent link to a working example – if there is a visual outcome use a linked screenshot.
  • 24. Start with the basics – Offer links to full documentation elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN) – Offer the download package with code examples or image templates upfront. – Give an estimate as to how long it should take to go through this tutorial. – Say your name, a way to contact you and when you wrote this.
  • 25. Start with the basics – Offer links to full documentation elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN) – Offer the download package with code examples or image templates upfront. – Give an estimate as to how long it should take to go through this tutorial. – Say your name, a way to contact you and when you wrote this.
  • 26. Start with the basics – Offer links to full documentation elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN) – Offer the download package with code examples or image templates upfront. – Give an estimate as to how long it should take to go through this tutorial. – Say your name, a way to contact you and when you wrote this.
  • 27. Start with the basics – Offer links to full documentation elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN) – Offer the download package with code examples or image templates upfront. – Give an estimate as to how long it should take to go through this tutorial. – Say your name, a way to contact you and when you wrote this.
  • 28. Start with the basics – Offer links to full documentation elsewhere (W3C, MSDN, YDN) – Offer the download package with code examples or image templates upfront. – Give an estimate as to how long it should take to go through this tutorial. – Say your name, a way to contact you and when you wrote this.
  • 30. Offer landmarks – Offer a “quick jump / table of contents” feature – this also allows bookmarking – Cut the tutorial up into logical steps / units with useful headings (don’t try to be funny) – Add a link to the state of the code at each step – so people can follow the changes without needing to copy and paste.
  • 31. Offer landmarks – Offer a “quick jump / table of contents” feature – this also allows bookmarking – Cut the tutorial up into logical steps / units with useful headings (don’t try to be funny) – Add a link to the state of the code at each step – so people can follow the changes without needing to copy and paste.
  • 32. Offer landmarks – Offer a “quick jump / table of contents” feature – this also allows bookmarking – Cut the tutorial up into logical steps / units with useful headings (don’t try to be funny) – Add a link to the state of the code at each step – so people can follow the changes without needing to copy and paste.
  • 34. Language – PBE - Plain Bloody English – Explain your TLAs – Explain product names and special terms – Use short sentences. – Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
  • 35. Language – PBE - Plain Bloody English – Explain your TLAs – Explain product names and special terms – Use short sentences. – Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
  • 36. Language – PBE - Plain Bloody English – Explain your TLAs – Explain product names and special terms – Use short sentences. – Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
  • 37. Language – PBE - Plain Bloody English – Explain your TLAs – Explain product names and special terms – Use short sentences. – Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
  • 38. Language – PBE - Plain Bloody English – Explain your TLAs – Explain product names and special terms – Use short sentences. – Avoid the “I”, instead invite the reader with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
  • 39. Language – PBE - Plain Bloody English – Explain your TLAs – Explain product names and special terms – Use short sentences. – Avoid the “I” - instead invite the reader with a “then you can do…” or a “Let’s…”
  • 41. Credibility – Back up your statements with examples. – Back up your statements with third party resources. – Never hush up errors you made. If feedback changes your tutorial, thank the commenter and add the changes. <del>/<ins>
  • 42. Credibility – Back up your statements with examples. – Back up your statements with third party resources. – Never hush up errors you made. If feedback changes your tutorial, thank the commenter and add the changes. <del>/<ins>
  • 43. Credibility – Back up your statements with examples. – Back up your statements with third party resources. – Never hush up errors you made. If feedback changes your tutorial, thank the commenter and add the changes. <del>/<ins>
  • 44. Credibility – Back up your statements with examples. – Back up your statements with third party resources. – Never hush up errors you made. If feedback changes your tutorial, thank the commenter and add the changes. <del>/<ins> – Have an editor / reviewer
  • 46. Leaving them hungry – Offer extra problems / other application ideas at the end and let people try them out. – Hint at more tricks in the same vain or link to other tutorials. – Show high-class solutions using that trick (which awesome sites use it)
  • 47. Leaving them hungry – Offer extra problems / other application ideas at the end and let people try them out. – Hint at more tricks in the same vain or link to other tutorials. – Show high-class solutions using that trick (which awesome sites use it)
  • 48. Leaving them hungry – Offer extra problems / other application ideas at the end and let people try them out. – Hint at more tricks in the same vain or link to other tutorials. – Show high-class solutions using that trick (which awesome sites use it)
  • 49. Traps to avoid! – Don’t offer the solutions to code exercises, people will only copy + paste and learn nothing. – Don’t cut up code into non-executable chunks, show the whole script then repeat the parts bit-by-bit. – Stick to one solution per tutorial and explain this one well.
  • 50. Traps to avoid! – Don’t offer the solutions to code exercises, people will only copy + paste and learn nothing. – Don’t cut up code into non-executable chunks, show the whole script then repeat the parts bit-by-bit. – Stick to one solution per tutorial and explain this one well.
  • 51. Traps to avoid! – Don’t offer the solutions to code exercises, people will only copy + paste and learn nothing. – Don’t cut up code into non-executable chunks, show the whole script then repeat the parts bit-by-bit. – Stick to one solution per tutorial and explain this one well.
  • 52. Traps to avoid! – Don’t offer the solutions to code exercises, people will only copy + paste and learn nothing. – Don’t cut up code into non-executable chunks, show the whole script then repeat the parts bit-by-bit. – Stick to one solution per tutorial and explain this one well.
  • 54. Maintenance – Don’t leave your tutorials to collect dust. – If they become outdated, find a better, up-to-date solution and link or even redirect to this one. – We have more than enough information graveyards.
  • 55. Maintenance – Don’t leave your tutorials to collect dust. – If they become outdated, find a better, up-to-date solution and link or even redirect to this one. – We have more than enough information graveyards.
  • 56. Maintenance – Don’t leave your tutorials to collect dust. – If they become outdated, find a better, up-to-date solution and link or even redirect to this one. – We have more than enough information graveyards.
  • 57. What are you in for? – Last but not least, it is not about you! – You will get positive and negative comments targeted at you and not the subject. – Don’t take any of these serious. – Most of your readers will never contact you or take part.
  • 58. What are you in for? – Last but not least, it is not about you! – You will get positive and negative comments targeted at you and not the subject. – Don’t take any of these serious. – Most of your readers will never contact you or take part.
  • 59. What are you in for? – Last but not least, it is not about you! – You will get positive and negative comments targeted at you and not the subject. – Don’t take any of these serious. – Most of your readers will never contact you or take part.
  • 60. What are you in for? – Last but not least, it is not about you! – You will get positive and negative comments targeted at you and not the subject. – Don’t take any of these serious. – Most of your readers will never contact you or take part.
  • 61. What are you in for? – Last but not least, it is not about you! – You will get positive and negative comments targeted at you and not the subject. – Don’t take any of these serious. – Most of your readers will never contact you or take part.
  • 62. THANKS! http://wait-till-i.com chris.heilmann@gmail.com