eGovernance Research Grand Challenges

A Roadmap for Research in Electronic Governance: ,[object Object],The Grand Challenges ahead,[object Object],YannisCharalabidis,[object Object],Assistant Professor, University of the Aegean,[object Object],Manager, Greek Interoperability Centre,[object Object]

Your keynote speaker,[object Object],Software engineer, National Technical University of Athens,[object Object],PhD in complex information systems, NTUA,[object Object],7 years a researcher in RTD projects for businesses and governments,[object Object],7 years in the software industry (Greece, Netherlands, Germany Poland). Managing director of Baan-Singular ERP company ,[object Object],Already 4 years in Uni Aegean, teaching and researching on eGovernance (another 3 “remaining”),[object Object],The next 7 years ?,[object Object],My aim for the day: to give you food for thought. ,[object Object],Hold on …,[object Object]

The problem: policy-making and governance in a complex world,[object Object],Rising number of tipping points, unpredictable “black swan” events: (financial and economic crisis; terrorist attacks, climate change),[object Object],Can’t be adequately addressed by traditional econometric models,[object Object],Politicians are not used to evidence-based decisions,[object Object],Explosion in authorship, co-creation and collaboration,[object Object],Mass collaboration and participation,[object Object],Open data, open innovation models,[object Object],Government 2.0,[object Object],More intelligence and more stupidity, more signal and more noise,[object Object]

Governance: often silos-based, linear, obscure, hierarchical, over-simplified,[object Object],Policies, Disciplines and Actors are isolated,[object Object],Society: increasingly interconnected, flexible, fast-evolving, unpredictable,[object Object],The Problem: Gap between Society and Governance,[object Object]

The problem: We need a mix of ICT with Social Sciences,[object Object],Web Technologies,[object Object],Systems & Services Technologies,[object Object],“Hard”,[object Object],Public Sector Service Systems ,[object Object],Workflow Systems,[object Object],Enterprise Resource Management,[object Object],Cloud computing,[object Object],Web 2.0,[object Object],Argument Visualization,[object Object],Mixed Reality ,[object Object],Pattern Recognition,[object Object],Serious Games,[object Object],Electronic Participation,[object Object],Translation Systems,[object Object],Social Networks,[object Object],PS Knowledge Management,[object Object],Legal Structures Management,[object Object],Business Intelligence,[object Object],Data & Opinion Mining,[object Object],Simulation,[object Object],Forecasting - Backcasting,[object Object],Optimization,[object Object],Systems Dynamics,[object Object],Adaptive Models,[object Object],Behavioral Modelling,[object Object],Societal Modelling,[object Object],Social Simulation,[object Object],Social Informatics,[object Object],Management Tools,[object Object],“Soft”,[object Object],Society,[object Object],Administration,[object Object]

"The problems that we have created cannot be solved at the level of thinking that created them" Albert EinsteinSo ?,[object Object]

A roadmap for ICT-enabled governance research, beyond 2010, to address global challenges: ,[object Object],[object Object]

How should we team-up among governments, industry and citizens ?

When should we expect results ?www.crossroad-eu.net,[object Object]

2020: A Paradigm Shift in Policy-making, using three "powers",[object Object],More people involved (collaborative governance),[object Object],2020,[object Object],2010,[object Object],More accurate and analytical, modeling and simulation tools ,[object Object],More data available (the data deluge),[object Object]

The Method,[object Object],Future scenarios: demand pull,[object Object],State of the art: research push,[object Object],Gaps,[object Object],Research roadmap (final),[object Object],Grandchallenges (draft),[object Object],Research challenges,[object Object],Research challenges,[object Object]

The eGovernance State of the Art in 2010,[object Object]

High Openness & Transparency: extreme 1 ,[object Object],Self-Service ,[object Object],Governance,[object Object],Open ,[object Object],Governance,[object Object],Low Integration of Policy Intelligence,[object Object],High Integration of Policy Intelligence,[object Object],extreme 1,[object Object],extreme 0,[object Object],Leviathan ,[object Object],Governance,[object Object],Privatised ,[object Object],Governance,[object Object],Low Openness & Transparency: extreme 0,[object Object],Four Scenarios for our Society,[object Object]

WHAT – the Grand Challenges,[object Object]

GC1: Model-based collaborative governance,[object Object],Today’s policy modeling:,[object Object],Human effort based,[object Object],Using mainly econometric models and overlooking human behaviour,[object Object],Social simulation and agent-based models are marginal, black-box, fragmented and single-purpose,[object Object],Progress in modeling software has not matched advances in computing power.,[object Object],Designing, reviewing and updating formal models from qualitative and quantitative data is costly.,[object Object]

Research challenges,[object Object],Integrated, composable and reusable models,[object Object],models composability and interoperability (between software and modelling methods) to build on existing models,[object Object],Short term research: definition of procedures for model composition and repositories ,[object Object],Long term research: model interoperability and SOA / GRID,[object Object],Collaborative modelling,[object Object],Intuitive model building and simulation tools to allow all stakeholders to take part in transparent formal modelling at large scale,[object Object],Short term: transparent and intuitive modelling interfaces,[object Object],Long-term: mass-collaboration modelling framework,[object Object],Easy access to information and knowledge creation ,[object Object],methods of information elicitation that, during the overall model building and use processes, will help decision makers to learn how a certain system works and ultimately gain insights (knowledge) and understanding (apply the extracted knowledge from those processes) in order to successfully implement a desired policy.,[object Object],Short-term: interoperability of data sources, information elicitation,[object Object],Long-term: user-behavior information generation; mass-interactive learning environments,[object Object]

Research challenges/2,[object Object],Model validation,[object Object],Reliability of models plays a crucial role in policy modeling and simulation. A policy model should be developed for a specific purpose (or context) and its validity is to be determined with respect to that purpose (or context). Therefore, specific and integrated techniques and ICT tools are required to be developed for policy modeling, (conceptual and software validation ),[object Object],Short-term: Consolidation of validation techniques,[object Object],Long-term: complex and large scale model validation; artificial intelligence incorporated in validation systems,[object Object],Interactive simulation ,[object Object],It allows a researcher to interactively control simulations and perform data analysis while avoiding many of the pitfalls associated with the traditional batch/post processing cycle. ,[object Object],Short-term: Usability,[object Object],Long-term: Input/output system integration, Computational steering,[object Object],Output analysis and knowledge synthesis,[object Object],the analysis and integration of feedbacks in modelling and simulation process,[object Object],Short-term: Policy model simulation, ranking techniques,[object Object],Long-term: sophisticated variance estimators, automated output analysis,[object Object]

GC2: Data-powered collective intelligence and action,[object Object]

Research challenges,[object Object],Privacy-compliant participatory sensing for real-time policy-making,[object Object],Dramatically increasing the data availability for policy evaluation while maintaining privacy and ensuring policy inference,[object Object],Short term: combination of sensing with social network analysis, data quality verification, context verification; ,[object Object],Long term: privacy by design; enhanced analytical techniques to respond to subtle events; data collaboration protocols,[object Object],Real-time, high-quality, reusable open government data ,[object Object],Simplifying and lowering costs of real-time open data publication, ensuring data quality and advanced privacy monitoring,[object Object],Short-term: data vocabularies; data curating tools; easy linked data publication,[object Object],Long-term: on the fly data quality agreements, web of data, real-time validation and publication,[object Object]

Research challenges/2,[object Object],Federated dynamic identity management and privacy control,[object Object],Necessary to ensure trustful collaboration, federated across country, with multiple levels of security for different services, relying on authentic sources, usable in private sector context. ,[object Object],Short-term: Dynamic user-controlled data disclosure; culturally-dependent identity systems; trust negotiation,[object Object],Long-term: context dependent identity management,[object Object],Peer-to-peer public opinion mining,[object Object],The limits of human attention, combined to the existing simple interfaces available for browsing discussion and comments, often leads to low levels of engagement and flaming wars, driving to polarisation of arguments and enhanced risks of conflicts.,[object Object],Short-term research: computer-generated cross-language policy corpora; algorithms for policy statistical analysis; comment recommendation algorithms,[object Object],Long-term research: integration with social network analysis; audiovisual mining; peer-to-peer usable opinion mining tools; ,[object Object]

Research challenges/3 ,[object Object],Intuitive, collaborative visual analytics of data for policy-making,[object Object],Visual analytics is particularly effective when dealing with complex and non-predictable patterns, such as those related to assessing and anticipating public policy impact, but is not formalised in the policy context,[object Object],Short-term research: Collaborative platform display; Interaction between visualization and models; Visualization infrastructures for policy modelling issues,[object Object],Long-term research: Bias identification; learning adaptive algorithm for users’ intent; intuitive affordable interfaces for citizens,[object Object],User-generated simulation and gaming tools for public action,[object Object],Simulation and serious gaming impact on personal incentives to action and showing long-term and systemic effects of individual choices, but lack open scenarios based on personal and policy decision as well as usability,[object Object],Short-term: kit-based citizens-controlled simulation and gaming; integration with policy models,[object Object],Long-term: augmented reality in policy gaming and simulation,[object Object],New institutional design of collaborative governance,[object Object]

GC3 – Government Service UtilityRationale,[object Object],Present:,[object Object],Traditional public services have not delivered on their promise for time, quality, cost, or overall return on investment,[object Object],Citizens rarely have access to personalised services in the way they want,[object Object], Service design cannot tap into citizen or SME’s productivity. Services practically remain the same as new service creation is hindered ,[object Object],Future:,[object Object],Services are converging and moving from thephysical into the digital world, universally accessible on any device from all social groups,[object Object],Government clouds are overcoming interoperability, privacy and security challenges and provide the base for high automation in public sectors,[object Object],Future Internet appears as a key enabler for new public service systems, drastically altering productivity, speed, cost and overall quality,[object Object],The 1-1-1 Concept:,[object Object],every service can be provided in one stop, one second, with one euro cost,[object Object]

Why a Service Utility ? ,[object Object], Electricity Provision Service Provision,[object Object],Ubiquitous nature: electricity is available everywhere, if you have a proper line and device to connect,[object Object],Usability: it is simple to connect to electricity network, provided you have an electric device with a standard plug (different from country to country, sometimes),[object Object],Federation: you don’t really know where / how energy is created within a complex network that cross borders, sectors,[object Object],Co-generation: you can be a customer and a provider, at the same time,[object Object],De-regulation: although Governments set the regulations and may own some utilities, the market is competitive,[object Object],Multi-channel service provision,[object Object],Simplicity, interoperability, inclusion,[object Object],Public Clouds ,[object Object],Service co-creation,[object Object],Service supply deregulation,[object Object], See also “6 common characteristics of service utilities (Rappa, 2004)”: Necessity, Reliability, Usability, Utilisation, Scalability and Exclusivity.,[object Object]

The GSU Model ,[object Object],Enterprises, SME’s, VSE’s,[object Object],[object Object]

Information Administrations,[object Object],[object Object]

eGovernance Research Grand Challenges

eGovernance Research Grand Challenges

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