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Big history,[object Object],Charla Lopez,[object Object]
The day the universe changedfrom the Englishman James Burke,[object Object],We are what we know.,[object Object], What we know is always changing, therefore we are always changing. ,[object Object],In the past we were different then today, with different questions,differenttimes,diffferent problems. Modified from the ones today but still the same basic concepts. ,[object Object],We live between  change and the time to adapt to it. How do we know when what we know is out of date? ,[object Object],We hold on to some things from past and they get outdated but we agree on a certain standard. ,[object Object],Here today gone tomorrow. We have to create a future that is the best for each situation.,[object Object]
Geometry and logical thinking,[object Object],Using lines and angles in nature that never change with geometry and logic we made our present rational way of thinking.,[object Object],Without the order in nature there would be chaos and by studying order in other things we can better instill order in ourselves.,[object Object],We now have attitudes and concepts that have worked well through history that we carry them with us today. A number of us agreeing on specific ideas thus keeping it alive.,[object Object]
The journey of manResearch Studies by Spencer Wells,[object Object],We originated in Africa,[object Object],Small group migrated,[object Object],Mutations in our genetic makeup created different types of humans better adapted to specific environments.,[object Object]
Catastrophefrom an English journalist and documentary producer named David Keys,[object Object],Changes in environment resulting in challenges to humanity created necessity for human civilizations.,[object Object],Environment has a direct influence on human advancement.,[object Object],By experiencing how the world would be where everything we know is of little help,we create new ways in order to sustain everyday life.,[object Object],Three events could have lead to the specific advance of humans into a greater thinking, A comet, meteor or volcano.,[object Object],The survivors of the humans that existed when  historical catastrophe  occurred are the makers of our current population. ,[object Object],The driving force that works to necessities change and new ways of thinking is environment. ,[object Object],Inequality in the world came from the resources we were surrounded by at a certain time in history and thus far.,[object Object],Cultural differences are a result of inequality not the root cause.,[object Object]
Explosive existence,[object Object],The evidence that a volcano caused a catastrophe that impacted the whole world and perhaps made a turning point to today is most promising. Evidence in tree rings and stories around the world in history don’t share information on a meteor or comet but a volcano that changed the world forever.,[object Object],The effect on the climate changed living conditions for the humans of the time and made them either die off or become the first step towards humans today.,[object Object]
Guns germs and steelbasis of Professor Diamond's Pulitzer Prize-winning study,[object Object],Humans started in africa, somehow separated into different versions. When the different paths crossed again, the weak began weeding themselves out through failures resulting in death.,[object Object],The roots of inequality started with what resources we had readily available.,[object Object],The more resources we had and the better we made our systems to make everyday life easier, the more time we had to develop better systems. This lead to new systems.,[object Object],The environment from the beginning shaped the old world.,[object Object],Guns germs and steel from Europe reshaped the new world.,[object Object],With weapons made of the right resources humans were equipped to make change happen sometimes for better and sometimes for war. But the challenges posed by advance created more advancing.,[object Object]
Setup for successful failure,[object Object],Some civilizations were advanced compared to others but in the strength in one region of thinking another was unexplored.,[object Object],The mighty empires of the native people worked well within the current  status of its people. When met with the complete opposite ways of being the challenge created new change.,[object Object]
The world and tradeseries presents a broad exploration of the influences on Columbus' thinking and the political, economic, and military forces shaping the world of the Age of European Expansion.,[object Object],Trade contributes to present day by helping to create all we know. ,[object Object],Not only the trade of objects and materials but the trade of ideas and ways of living impact what we think today.,[object Object],Our past is part of us just as much as it is part of the future. ,[object Object],Columbus united two worlds to create the present one.,[object Object]
THE HUMAN ASCENT,[object Object],130,000 years agoPHYSICALLY MODERN HUMANSFirst evidence of Homo sapiens turns up in Africa. Modern physique, including full-sized brain, but behavior still premodern.130,000 years ago,[object Object],NEANDERTHALSSeparate species thrives in and around Europe, where it began evolving hundreds of thousands of years before. Different physique, premodern behavior.,[object Object],50,000 to 40,000 years agoFULLY MODERN HUMANSFirst clear evidence of modern behavior turns up in East Africa, heralding an explosion of culture and innovation, possibly driven by spoken language.,[object Object],40,000 to 35,000 years agoMIGRATION AND DOMINATIONFully modern humans from Africa spread to Europe and Asia. Within a few thousand years, Neanderthals die out and everyone on the planet is fully modern. ,[object Object],11,000 to 10,000 years agoAGRICULTUREPeople begin cultivating plants and herding animals.,[object Object],6,000 years agoCITIESThe first cities emerge in Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley.,[object Object]
Answers to future,[object Object],In order to be successful in the future humans need to find what has worked and not worked within each set of circumstances and then use the themes to help create formulas. ,[object Object],We are always changing so too should our ways of living in the world.,[object Object],Utilizing resources for proper uses will help us to thrive like we havent before.,[object Object]

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