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Transnational Terrorism

    Al-Qaeda Network
What is Transnational Terrorism?
• Unlawful use of force or indiscriminate
  violence by internationally-linked groups
  against persons and properties in different
  parts of the world
• To cause psychological, economic impact
Examples of Terrorism
•   State/ non-state organizations
•   IRA, Northern Ireland
•   LTTE, Sri Lanka
•   Aum Shirikyo, Japan
•   Khalistan Movement, India
•   Al-Qaeda
September 11 2001
• Collapse of the twin towers in New York
• Culprit – Al-Qaeda network
Al-Qaeda
• 1989, Osama bin Laden
• Arab volunteers fighting in Afghanistan in
  1980s against Soviet communism
• Osama fell out with Saudi rulers – rejected
  Osama’s offer to liberate the then occupied
  Kuwait, instead approached US’s help
• Carried out anti-state activities in Saudi
  Arabia, against Saudi govt, US and its allies
Al-Qaeda
• To create a global Islamic –Caliphate
• Rid influence of the west - US
Al-Qaeda’s network
• Multi-national membership, international
  banking
• Shares expertise, transfer resources, discuss
  strategies, spread of ideology
   –   Abu Sayyaf, Philippines
   –   JI, Singapore, Philippines, M’sia, Australia, Indonesia
   –   Lashkar-e-Toiba, Pakistan
   –   Islam Army of Aden, Yemen
   –   Armed Islamic Group, Algeria
   –   Al-Ittihad al-Islami, Somalia
   –   Jama’at al Tawhid wal Jihad, Iraq
Misuse of Islamic concepts
• Against the west and its allies
• Mufti of Singapore condemned the
  justifications erroneously used by terrorists
Recent attacks
•   Bombings in Jordan, Nov 2005
•   Bombings in Bali, 2002
•   Bombings in Bali, 2005
•   Bombings in London, 2005
Impact of Terrorism
• Economic impact
  – Loss of life
  – Loss of properties
  – Fear of flying - no travelling – close down airlines
  – Govt stepped in
  – Loss of income, fall in tourists
  – Increase spending to deploy security and other
    sensitive installations, hold exercises to prepare
    civilians
Impact of Terrorism
• Social Impact
  – Suspicions, tension
  – Community Engagment Programme, 2006 to
    maintain social cohesion and harmony, strengthen
    inter-communal bonds
Impact Terrorism
• Political Impact
  – Tighten security
  – Greater checks at airport and immigrations points
How to manage Terrorism
• ASEAN
  – Cooperation through joint police and intelligence
    measures
  – ASEAN Regional Forum
  – Convention on Counter- Terrorism
How was terrorism managed?
• International efforts
  – UN passed resolutions to freeze assets, deny them
    travel, stop weapons supply, sharing information
    and criminal persecution
  – Counter- Terrorism Committee (CTC)
  – Technical assistance to countries
How was Terrorism managed?
• Environmental efforts
  – Society’s stand and reject propaganda by terrorists
Transnational terrorism

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Transnational terrorism

  • 1. Transnational Terrorism Al-Qaeda Network
  • 2. What is Transnational Terrorism? • Unlawful use of force or indiscriminate violence by internationally-linked groups against persons and properties in different parts of the world • To cause psychological, economic impact
  • 3. Examples of Terrorism • State/ non-state organizations • IRA, Northern Ireland • LTTE, Sri Lanka • Aum Shirikyo, Japan • Khalistan Movement, India • Al-Qaeda
  • 4. September 11 2001 • Collapse of the twin towers in New York • Culprit – Al-Qaeda network
  • 5. Al-Qaeda • 1989, Osama bin Laden • Arab volunteers fighting in Afghanistan in 1980s against Soviet communism • Osama fell out with Saudi rulers – rejected Osama’s offer to liberate the then occupied Kuwait, instead approached US’s help • Carried out anti-state activities in Saudi Arabia, against Saudi govt, US and its allies
  • 6. Al-Qaeda • To create a global Islamic –Caliphate • Rid influence of the west - US
  • 7. Al-Qaeda’s network • Multi-national membership, international banking • Shares expertise, transfer resources, discuss strategies, spread of ideology – Abu Sayyaf, Philippines – JI, Singapore, Philippines, M’sia, Australia, Indonesia – Lashkar-e-Toiba, Pakistan – Islam Army of Aden, Yemen – Armed Islamic Group, Algeria – Al-Ittihad al-Islami, Somalia – Jama’at al Tawhid wal Jihad, Iraq
  • 8. Misuse of Islamic concepts • Against the west and its allies • Mufti of Singapore condemned the justifications erroneously used by terrorists
  • 9. Recent attacks • Bombings in Jordan, Nov 2005 • Bombings in Bali, 2002 • Bombings in Bali, 2005 • Bombings in London, 2005
  • 10. Impact of Terrorism • Economic impact – Loss of life – Loss of properties – Fear of flying - no travelling – close down airlines – Govt stepped in – Loss of income, fall in tourists – Increase spending to deploy security and other sensitive installations, hold exercises to prepare civilians
  • 11. Impact of Terrorism • Social Impact – Suspicions, tension – Community Engagment Programme, 2006 to maintain social cohesion and harmony, strengthen inter-communal bonds
  • 12. Impact Terrorism • Political Impact – Tighten security – Greater checks at airport and immigrations points
  • 13. How to manage Terrorism • ASEAN – Cooperation through joint police and intelligence measures – ASEAN Regional Forum – Convention on Counter- Terrorism
  • 14. How was terrorism managed? • International efforts – UN passed resolutions to freeze assets, deny them travel, stop weapons supply, sharing information and criminal persecution – Counter- Terrorism Committee (CTC) – Technical assistance to countries
  • 15. How was Terrorism managed? • Environmental efforts – Society’s stand and reject propaganda by terrorists