CLIR/DLF Postdoc Seminar
4 August 2014
Data Publication &
Citation Workshop
Carly Strasser
California Digital Library
@carlystrasser

Roadmap
3. Data citation
1. Intro & background
2. Data publication
4. Altmetrics

FromFlickrvialibrarianinsta.tumblr.com
I am not a
librarian.

Enable data
sharing
Encourage
new
incentives
Think about
code sharing
Work with libraries,
publishers and
researchers
Explore new
tools to help
change
system
Build
tools

John Kratz
PhD in Biology from Columbia University
CLIR/DLF Postdoctoral Fellow,
started 12 months ago
Data publication and its importance for data
sharing, reuse, and preservation

From Wikimedia Commons
Back in the day…
From ahswhg.wikispaces.com

Back in the day…
Da Vinci
Curie
Newton
classicalschool.blogspot.com
Darwin

Research has
changed
Better

From wikimedia
Such
Internet!
So many
tools!
From Flickr by John Jobby
So much
data!

Research has
changed
Worse

Digital data
FromFlickrbyFlickmor
FromFlickrbyUSArmyEnvironmentalCommand
FromFlickrbyDW0825
C. Strasser
CourteseyofWHOI
FromFlickrbydeltaMike

Digital data
+
Complex workflows

“Reproducibility Crisis”
“Digital Dark Age”
“Erosion of Trust”

All of the research
Early & often
Transparently & openly
FromFlickrbygsagostinho
the way wecommunicate
our
vCan we fix research?

notebook
science/research
source
content
access
data
government
repository
knowledge
FromFlickrbycdsessums

Open Science
Making
data
research
dissemination
available to all

notebook
science
source
content
access
data
government
repository
knowledge
FromFlickrbycdsessums

Open
certain data should be freely available to
everyone to use & republish as they wish,
without restrictions from copyright, patents or
other mechanisms of control
Data
From Flickr by Ninja M.

From Flickr by Iqubal Osman
Culture Shift Required

“I own my data and you
can’t have it.”
“Let me do my work.”
“I’m already too busy.”
“This takes away from
research time.”

h/t Ted Hart, NEON

You can be
the
Guardian
Steward
Caretaker
Data can’t be owned.

Roadmap
3. Data citation
1. Intro & background
2. Data publication
4. Altmetrics

What does “data
publication” mean?
1. Available
2. Citable
3. Trustworthy
Data
are

Available | Citable | Trustworthy
• Publish means to “make public”.
• You should not have to email the author.
• The data doesn’t have to be open access.
“Email me!”
CC-0 on web
Best practice:
data in a trusted community repository with a
machine-readable license/waiver

Repositories
for data
General content
Non-institutional
Publishers/for-profits
Other
Institutional
Discipline-specific
Repository choices…

Institutional
Discipline-specific
• All data associated
with a paper
• Tells a story
• Clearinghouse for
researcher’s works
• Some of data for a
given paper
• Discoverable
• Integrated systems
• Collection policies
?
Both
Which should a
researcher use?
Which is more
important?
Depends
Repository choices…

Five-element citation: author, year, title,
publisher, identifier
Available | Citable | Trustworthy
Boettiger C, Dushoff J, Weitz JS (2009). Data from: Fluctuation domains in
adaptive evolution. Theoretical Population Biology. Published in Dryad.
doi:10.5061/dryad.j8n0p7vc
More later

Available | Citable | Trustworthy
From Flickr by Percival Lowell
For articles: peer review
For data: ?
peer review?validation?

Technical VS. Scientific
Available | Citable | Trustworthy

Technical review: completeness,
formats
Available | Citable | Trustworthy
Peer review of data
Scientific review: importance,
methods evaluation
vs

Available | Citable | Trustworthy
Peer review of data
• Experts
• Users
• Community
• Use = validation
Who?

1. Data as supplemental material
Data published alongside a traditional journal article.
Available + citable. Review varies.
Potential issues with long-term availability.
What does a data
publication look like?
From Flickr by subsetsum

2. Data paper:
Data + descriptive “data paper”
Standalone journals: Nature Scientific Data, Geoscience Data Journal,
Ecological Archives
OR
Journals that publish data papers: GigaScience, F1000 Research,
Internet Archaeology
What does a data
publication look like?
From Flickr by subsetsum

3. Standalone data
Data published without a related journal article.
Rich metadata (structured or unstructured)
• Institutional repository
• Open Context
• NASA PDS Peer Review Data
• figshare (but no validation)
What does a data
publication look like?
From Flickr by subsetsum

…“publication” insinuates that we are
beholden to the current broken system of
journal publication. The word itself has
too much baggage.
…bureaucrats, funders, and institutions
have a familiarity with the word and it will
ensure the success of the data
publication goals, regardless of whether
we break the mold in the process.
þ
ý
http://datapub.cdlib.org/2012/03/06/data-publication-an-introduction/

“Publish”
“Paper”
“Peer review”
“Sharing”
“Available”
“Article”
“Publication”

From Flickr by Sandia Labs
C. Strasser
C. Strasser
World Bank Photo Collection From Flickr
What do researchers
think of data publication?

Survey of
researchers
N=274
John Kratz, forthcoming

Roadmap
3. Data citation
1. Intro & background
2. Data publication
4. Altmetrics

Identifiers & Data Citation
Allows readers to find data products
Get credit for data and publications
Promotes reproducibility
Example:
Sidlauskas, B. 2007. Data from: Testing for unequal rates of
morphological diversification in the absence of a detailed
phylogeny: a case study from characiform fishes. Dryad Digital
Repository. doi:10.5061/dryad.20

An article about data, but no data
from Joan Starr

And then the hunt for the data…
from Joan Starr

FTP site
And then the hunt for the data…
from Joan Starr

The citation difference: data linked…
from Joan Starr

…to the scholarly publication
from Joan Starr

Identifiers
• String of characters
• Unique
• Linked to a digital
object
DOI: Digital object
identifier
From Flickr by Plbmak

DOIs
ARKs
Strict
metadata
requirements
Flexible
metadata
guidelines
From
the
scholarly
communication
community
From
the
archives
and
museums
community
Established
“brand
name”
Option-­‐rich,
open
source
$$$
$
Comparing two…

DOI: 10.1890/1540-9295-10.2.59
ARK: ark:/12025/654xz321/s3/f8.05v
Resolver
Website
with
“object”
Identifiers
How it works
dx.doi.org

From Flickr by Sandia Labs
C. Strasser
C. Strasser
World Bank Photo Collection From Flickr

Identifier for people
Resolver
Person’s
products
Identifiers
for people

Researcher
Identification

1. Register
2. Connect with ORCID partners
3. Claim your work
orcid.org

Roadmap
3. Data citation
1. Intro & background
2. Data publication
4. Altmetrics

Altmetrics?
Impact
Factors
+
Citation
Counts
Credit in academia…

Altmetrics
Article-level metrics

Altmetrics
Article-level metrics
Altmetrics for alt-products
Data
Code
Slides
Blogs
Downloads
Tweets
Mentions
Views

Altmetrics
Article-level metrics
Altmetrics for alt-products

Data Citation
Credit via Altmetrics
From Flickr by chriscook04
What does this have
to do with data?

impactstory.org

Website
Email
Tweet
Slides
carlystrasser.net
carlystrasser@gmail.com
@carlystrasser
slideshare.net/carlystrasser
Big thanks to John Kratz, CLIR Postdoc