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Arte Século XX

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Arte século XX

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Arte Século XX

  1. 1. A Revolução na Arte no Séc. XX<br />Carlos Jorge Canto Vieira<br />
  2. 2. Pintura<br />2<br />
  3. 3. A Revolução na Arte<br />Novas tendências na pintura:<br />Expressionismo;<br />Fauvismo;<br />Cubismo;<br />Abstraccionismo;<br />Surrealismo;<br />Futurismo.<br />3<br />
  4. 4. Expressionismo<br />Os pintores expressionistas tendem a utilizar formas simplificadas de acentuado grafismo e cores fortes que resultam da agressividade resultante da tenção emocional e psicológica do pintor, que se exprime por alterações cromáticas e distorções das formas que podem atingir o caricatural.<br />4<br />
  5. 5. 5<br />Expressionismo<br />ErnstKirchner<br />(Self-portrait as soldier), 1915Óleo sobre tela<br />69.2 x 61 cmAllen Memorial ArtMuseum, OberlinCollege, Ohio <br />
  6. 6. 6<br />Expressionismo<br />ErnstKirchner<br />Self-PortraitwithModel, 1910/1926Óleo sobre tela<br />150.4 x 100 cmKunsthalle, Hamburg<br />
  7. 7. 7<br />Expressionismo<br />EmilNolde<br />MaskStillLife III, 1911Óleo sobre tela<br />74 x 78 cmNelson GalleryofArt, Atkins-Museum, Kansas City<br />
  8. 8. 8<br />Expressionismo<br />KarlRottluf<br />Quatro banhistas na praia<br />
  9. 9. 9<br />Expressionismo<br />FranzMarc<br />TheYellowCow, 1911Óleo sobre tela<br />140x190cmMuseu Guggenheim, Nova Yorque<br />
  10. 10. 10<br />Expressionismo<br />OttoDix<br />Tríptico, 1927/28<br />Óleo e tempera sobre tela <br />
  11. 11. 11<br />Expressionismo<br />OttoDix<br />Rua de Praga, 1920. <br />Óleo e colagem sobre tela, 101 x 81 cm. <br />Galerie der Stadt, Estugarda. Alemanha.<br />
  12. 12. 12<br />Expressionismo<br />OttoDix<br />Jogadores de Cartas, <br />Óleo e sobre tela, 110 x 87 cm. <br />Museu da Cidade, Berlim. Alemanha.<br />
  13. 13. Fauvismo<br />Corrente artística que defendia a interpretação livre da natureza e o recurso a cores vivas.<br />13<br />
  14. 14. 14<br />Fauvismo<br />Henry Matisse<br />HarmonyinRed, 1908Óleo sobre tela <br />180 x 220 cmMuseu Hermitage, S. Petersburgo<br />
  15. 15. 15<br />Fauvismo<br />Henry Matisse<br />Dance(II), 1910Óleo sobre tela260 x 391 cmMuseu Hermitage, S. Petersburgo<br />
  16. 16. 16<br />Fauvismo<br />André Derain<br />FishingBoats, Collioure, 1905Óleo sobre tela<br />81 x 100.3 cm <br />
  17. 17. 17<br />Fauvismo<br />AlbertMarquet<br />RainyDayin Paris (Nôtre-Dame)1910Óleo sobre tela<br />Museu Hermitage, S. Petersburgo<br />
  18. 18. Cubismo<br />Corrente artística que se caracteriza pela utilização de cubos, cones e cilindros, para expressar as ideias fundamentais e modelar o volume pela cor.<br />18<br />
  19. 19. 19<br />Cubismo<br />Pablo Picasso<br />As meninas de Avignon, 1907.<br />Óleo sobre tela. <br />243,9 x 233,7 cm. <br />Museu de Arte Moderno. Nova Yorque. USA. <br />
  20. 20. 20<br />Cubismo<br />GeorgesBraque<br />HousesatL&apos;Estaque, 1908. <br />Óleo sobre tela. <br />73 x 60 cm.<br />Museu de Arte de Berna. Berna. Suíça. <br />
  21. 21. 21<br />Cubismo<br />Pablo Picasso<br />El Aficionado Sorgues, (Eltorero), 1912.<br />Óleo sobre tela.<br />135 x 82 cm.<br />Museu de Arte de Basileia. Suíça. <br />
  22. 22. 22<br />Cubismo<br />Juan Gris<br />Maisons à Paris, 1911.<br />Óleo sobre tela.<br />52.4 x 34.3 cm. <br />Museu Guggenheim. Nova Iorque. EUA. <br />
  23. 23. Abstraccionismo<br />Corrente artística que não pretende exprimir a realidade nas suas linhas e cores, conjugadas numa composição que vale por si própria.<br />23<br />
  24. 24.
  25. 25. Abstraccionismo Lírico<br />
  26. 26. Abstraccionismo Lírico<br />
  27. 27. Abstraccionismo geométrico<br />
  28. 28. Abstraccionismo<br />
  29. 29. Abstraccionismo geométrico<br />
  30. 30. Surrealismo<br />Corrente artística em que o artista se liberta da realidade e representa o mundo do sonho e do inconsciente.<br />30<br />
  31. 31. 31<br />Surrealismo<br />
  32. 32. 32<br />Surrealismo<br />
  33. 33. 33<br />Surrealismo<br />Salvador Dali<br />Persistências da memória, 1931<br />Óleosobretela, 24 cm × 33 cm<br />Museu de Arte Moderna de Nova Iorque, EUA<br />
  34. 34. 34<br />Surrealismo<br />R. Magritte<br />Retrato de EdwardJames, 1937.<br />Óleo sobre tela<br />79 x 65.5 cm. <br />Museu Boymans-vanBeuningen. Roterdão. Holanda.<br />
  35. 35. 35<br />Surrealismo<br />R. Magritte<br />Istonão é um cachimbo, 1928-1929. <br />Óleo sobre tela, 62.2 x 81 cm. <br />County Museum. Los Angeles. California. EUA.<br />
  36. 36. 36<br />Surrealismo<br />R. Magritte<br />O filho do homem, 1964.<br />
  37. 37. Futurismo<br />Corrente artística que exultava a força e a energia e a máquina tendo exercido grande influência na decoração de edifícios modernos e estações de caminho-de-ferro.<br />37<br />
  38. 38. Futurismo<br />U. Boccioni<br />Formas únicas em continuidade no espaço, 1913<br />Bronze<br />111,1 x 88,6 x 40<br />Museu de Arte Moderna de Nova Iorque, EUA<br />
  39. 39. Futurismo<br />G. Bala<br />Dinamismo de cão com trela, 1912, Óleo sobre tela. <br />Galería de Arte Albright-Knox de Buffalo. Nova Iorque. EUA. <br />
  40. 40. C. Carra<br />Automóvel na pista <br />1912-1913. <br />
  41. 41. Futurismo<br />G. Severini<br />ArmouredTrain, 1915. <br />Óleo sobre tela. <br />116.8 x 87.8 cm.<br />Museu de Arte Moderna de Nova Iorque, EUA<br />
  42. 42. Futurismo<br />G. Severini<br />PlasticSynthesisoftheIdeaofWar, 1915, <br />Óleo sobre tela, <br />60 x 50 cm, <br />Municipal GalleryofModernArt, Munich. <br />
  43. 43. Arquitectura<br />43<br />
  44. 44. Arquitectura<br />Arte Nova<br />Surge por volta de 1900;<br />Teve várias denominações<br />&quot;ArtNouveau&quot; em França;<br />&quot;Modem Style&quot; na Inglaterra e nos EUA;<br />&quot;StyleLiberty&quot; em Itália<br />Surgiu como repulsa à civilização industrial e procurava inspirar-se no mundo da Natureza, tentando aproximar-se das formas naturais.<br />44<br />
  45. 45. Arte Decorativas<br />Arte Nova<br />O traço dominante era a presença do tema vegetal:<br />caules ondulantes;<br />copas de folhagens;<br />flores.<br />A sua influência fez-se sentir, particularmente, na arquitectura e no artesanato artístico (tapeçarias, vitrais, mobiliário e jóias).<br />45<br />
  46. 46. Arte Decorativas<br />
  47. 47. Arte Decorativas<br />Copo, Tiffany <br />Alfinete, Lalique <br />Alfinete, Lalique <br />
  48. 48. Arte Decorativas<br />Janela, Georges de Feure <br />Candelabro, F.Hoosemans <br />Gargantilha, Lalique <br />
  49. 49. Arquitectura<br />Arte Nova<br />Arquitectos:<br />49<br />Victor Horta<br /> (1861-1947)<br />Antoni Gaudi<br />1852 - 1926 <br />
  50. 50. 50<br />Arquitectura<br />Carabóia central, Casa de victor Horta, Bruxelas<br />Hall central da Casa van Eetvelde, 1899, Bruxelas<br />Hotel Solvay, Casa de Jantar e Jardim de Inverno, 1894-98<br />
  51. 51. Casa Tassel<br />
  52. 52. Modernismo Catalão<br />
  53. 53. Antoni Gaudí - Casa Milá. <br />1905-1910<br />
  54. 54. Arquitectura<br />Arte Nova em Portugal<br />Teve pouca importância em Portugal. <br />Não houve arquitectos ou artistas decoradores que se dedicassem exclusivamente àquele tipo de arte. <br />Existem apenas decorações aplicadas: <br />painéis de azulejos, trabalhos de cantaria e serralharia artística.<br />Surgem principalmente em Lisboa e no Porto, sobretudo em:<br />leitarias, padarias, quiosques, pequenas moradias, prédios de rendimento, muitas vezes fachadas de lojas, aplicadas na fachada geral do prédio.<br />54<br />
  55. 55.
  56. 56. Modernismo<br />Garagem Auto Palace<br />Portugal<br />
  57. 57. Arquitectura<br />Expansão das Cidades<br />Motivos:<br />Grande concentração de população nos meios urbanos;<br />Necessidade de arranjar novas soluções.<br />57<br />
  58. 58. Arquitectura<br />Modernismo<br />Surge nos EUA<br />Resposta americana às novas correntes artísticas<br />Utilização de novos materiais como o betão.<br />Características<br />baseava-se no equilíbrio das linhas puras, sem ornamentos e adaptada à função de cada edifício<br />58<br />
  59. 59. Modernismo – Escola de Chicago<br />Sullivan<br />Auditório de Chicago<br />1886-89<br />
  60. 60. Louis Sullivan: Carson, Pirie, Scott,  Building, Chicago, 1899. Photo  <br />
  61. 61. Arquitectura<br />Na Europa<br />A escola da Bauhaus, iniciado por WalterGropius, em 1919;<br />Influenciada pelo abstraccionismo, a Bauhaus(casa em construção) apoiava-se nas formas rectilíneas, sem adornos, na utilização plástica da luz e diferentes técnicas, além de ajustar a construção do edifício como objecto à sua finalidade.<br />61<br />
  62. 62. Arquitectura<br />
  63. 63. Arquitectura – Funcionalismo<br />Frank Lloyd Wright<br />Falling Water (1935–37)<br />
  64. 64. Literatura<br />64<br />
  65. 65. Literatura<br />Início do Século XX<br />Simbolismo - Principal corrente no início do século;<br />O principal escritor inglês foi dramaturgo OscarWilde(1854-1900).<br />Depois da I Guerra Mundial<br />surgem outras correntes que influenciaram o romance, a poesia e o teatro.<br />65<br />
  66. 66. Literatura - Escritores<br />66<br />MarcelProust<br />(1871-1922)<br />
  67. 67. Literatura - Escritores<br />67<br />Virgínia Wolf<br />(1882-1941)<br />
  68. 68. Literatura - Escritores<br />68<br />FranzKafka<br />1883-1924<br />
  69. 69. Literatura - Escritores<br />69<br />ThomasMann<br />1875-1955<br />
  70. 70. Literatura - Escritores<br />70<br />Máximo Gorki<br />1868-1936<br />
  71. 71. Literatura - Escritores<br />71<br />John Steinbeck<br />1902-1968<br />
  72. 72. Literatura - Escritores<br />72<br />ErnestHemingway<br />1899- 1961<br />
  73. 73. Literatura - Escritores<br />73<br />FedericoGarcía Lorca<br />1898- 1936<br />
  74. 74. Literatura - Escritores<br />74<br />BertoltBrecht<br />1898-1956<br />
  75. 75. Literatura - Escritores<br />75<br />T. S. Eliot<br />1888-1965<br />
  76. 76. Literatura<br />Portugal<br />Almada Negreiros foi o responsável pela introdução do modernismo juntamente com o grupo da revista Orpheu <br />primeiro número saiu em 1915<br />expressava uma nova sensibilidade literária. <br />Do grupo do Orpheu faziam parte:<br />76<br />Mário de Sá-Carneiro (1890-1916)<br />Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935) <br />
  77. 77. Literatura<br />Fernando Pessoa<br />Ficou célebre pele criação de heterónimos : <br />Alberto Caeiro, Ricardo Reis e Álvaro de Campos. <br />77<br />Fernando Pessoa, <br />heterónimo, <br />de Costa Pinheiro, <br />1978<br />
  78. 78. Literatura<br />Fernando Pessoa<br />Escreveu poemas desde os 13 anos<br />Revela-se como ensaísta ao publicar, em 1912, na revista Águia, uma série de artigos sobre &quot;a nova poesia portuguesa&quot;.<br />A sua obra é muito vasta, sendo a Mensagem uma das mais conhecidas.<br />78<br />
  79. 79. 79<br />O mostrengo que está no fim do marNa noite de breu ergueu-se a voar;A roda da nau voou três vezes,Voou três vezes a chiar,<br />E disse: «Quem é que ousou entrarNas minhas cavernas que não desvendo,Meus tectos negros do fim do mundo?»E o homem do leme disse, tremendo:<br />«El-Rei D. João Segundo!»«De quem são as velas onde me roço?De quem as quilhas que vejo e ouço?»Disse o mostrengo, e rodou três vezes,<br />Três vezes rodou imundo e grosso.«Quem vem poder o que só eu posso,Que moro onde nunca ninguém me visseE escorro os medos do mar sem fundo?»<br />E o homem do leme tremeu, e disse:«El-Rei D. João Segundo!»Três vezes do leme as mãos ergueu,Três vezes ao leme as reprendeu,<br />E disse no fim de tremer três vezes:«Aqui ao leme sou mais do que eu:Sou um povo que quer o mar que é teu;E mais que o mostrengo, que me a alma teme<br />E roda nas trevas do fim do mundo,Manda a vontade, que me ata ao leme,De El-Rei D. João Segundo!»<br />                                                                                     <br />          Fernando Pessoa inMensagem<br />O MOSTRENGO<br />

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