Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives

C
Carlos Tejo-AlonsoFundación CTIC
Metadata for web
ontologies and rules:
  current practices and
      perspectives
    Carlos Tejo-Alonso, Diego
  Berrueta, Luis Polo and Sergio
            Fernández
Context
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#Bicycle ">

      <rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;Class"/>   logic
      <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Vehicle"/>


      <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bicycle</rdfs:label>
      <dct:description xml:lang="en">
      Vehicle consisting of two wheels held in a
      frame one behind other, propelled by pedals
      </dct:description>               annotation
      <dc:creator>Iván Mínguez</dc:creator>

</rdf:Description>
Motivation to annotate

• Facilitate search

• Improve exchange and reuse

• Link them to the natural language

• Generate reference documentation
Overview

• Current ontology & rule metadata usage

• Proposed vocabulary to annotate rules

• Parrot, a documentation tool for
  ontologies and rules

• Conclusions/Future Work
Metadata vocabularies

• General purpose: DC, SKOS or RDFS
  – dc:creator, skos:prefLabel, rdfs:comment


• For ontologies: OWL
  – owl:versionInfo


• For rules: no specific vocabulary
  (with significant adoption)
Ontology metadata study
Ontology metadata study
• Massive use of RDF Schema(label & comment)

• Property synonymy
  dc:description             rdfs:comment
  dct:description            skos:definition

• Absence of:
  – multimedia
  – legal rights and license information
  – expressive multilingual metadata
Rule metadata: a proposal
Metadata      Recommended properties
Labeling      dc:title, dct:title, rdfs:label,
              skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel

Authoring     foaf:maker, dc:creator, dc:contributor,
              dc:publisher, dct:creator, dct:contributor,
              dct:publisher

Description   dc:description, dct:description, rdfs:comment,
              skos:definition, skos:example, skos:note

Multimedia    foaf:depiction, og:video
Versioning    owl:versionInfo, dct:hasVersion,
              skos:changeNote

Rights        dc:rights, dct:license
Date          dc:date, dct:issued, dct:modified
Documentation dct:source, rdfs:seeAlso, rdfs:isDefinedBy
Annotated rule (example)
(* ex:rule ex:rule [

rdfs:label      ->   “Example Rule”@en
dc:creator      ->   “Luis Polo”          annotatio
dc:date         ->   “1981-01-20”
og:video        ->
                                          n
                     <http://youtu.be/5h10QHpA5EU>
dct:publisher   ->   http://ontorule-project.eu
] *)

Forall ?person ?age (
If And(     ?person #foaf :Person         logic
            ?person [foaf:age -> ?age]
            External(pred:numeric-less-than(?age 18))
      )
Then Do( Assert(?person#ex:Under18Person) )
Parrot overview

 OWL
                                        Report

  RIF

• Multimedia-rich, customizable reports for humans
• Supports multiple metadata
• Combination of rules and ontologies
• Supports multilingual annotations
Parrot usage


                        Web service


Eclipse plugin


       Command Line Interface
Parrot DEMO




http://ontorule-project.eu/parrot
Conclusions
• Ontology metadata exists in the wild, but
  there is still room for improvement

• Metadata facilitate rule exchange between
  Business Rules Management System

• We expect to impact on the quality and
  quantity of the metadata annotations in rules
  and ontologies
Future work
• To expand the analysis to large ontologies

• To account the use of metadata in RIF
  documents as they become available

• To extend proposal of rule metadata
  properties as new requirements arise
Thanks for your attention




                               contact: carlos.tejo@fundacionctic.org
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ockam/2591316903/
About this presentation

     Fifth Metadata and
     Semantics Research
   Conference (MTSR 2011)
             12-14 October 2011
       Yaşar University, Izmir – TURKEY
         http://mtsr2011.yasar.edu.tr
Acknowledgements
  This work has been partially supported by the
  European Commission under ONTORULE project
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Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives

  • 1. Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives Carlos Tejo-Alonso, Diego Berrueta, Luis Polo and Sergio Fernández
  • 2. Context <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Bicycle "> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;Class"/> logic <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Vehicle"/> <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bicycle</rdfs:label> <dct:description xml:lang="en"> Vehicle consisting of two wheels held in a frame one behind other, propelled by pedals </dct:description> annotation <dc:creator>Iván Mínguez</dc:creator> </rdf:Description>
  • 3. Motivation to annotate • Facilitate search • Improve exchange and reuse • Link them to the natural language • Generate reference documentation
  • 4. Overview • Current ontology & rule metadata usage • Proposed vocabulary to annotate rules • Parrot, a documentation tool for ontologies and rules • Conclusions/Future Work
  • 5. Metadata vocabularies • General purpose: DC, SKOS or RDFS – dc:creator, skos:prefLabel, rdfs:comment • For ontologies: OWL – owl:versionInfo • For rules: no specific vocabulary (with significant adoption)
  • 7. Ontology metadata study • Massive use of RDF Schema(label & comment) • Property synonymy dc:description rdfs:comment dct:description skos:definition • Absence of: – multimedia – legal rights and license information – expressive multilingual metadata
  • 8. Rule metadata: a proposal Metadata Recommended properties Labeling dc:title, dct:title, rdfs:label, skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel Authoring foaf:maker, dc:creator, dc:contributor, dc:publisher, dct:creator, dct:contributor, dct:publisher Description dc:description, dct:description, rdfs:comment, skos:definition, skos:example, skos:note Multimedia foaf:depiction, og:video Versioning owl:versionInfo, dct:hasVersion, skos:changeNote Rights dc:rights, dct:license Date dc:date, dct:issued, dct:modified Documentation dct:source, rdfs:seeAlso, rdfs:isDefinedBy
  • 9. Annotated rule (example) (* ex:rule ex:rule [ rdfs:label -> “Example Rule”@en dc:creator -> “Luis Polo” annotatio dc:date -> “1981-01-20” og:video -> n <http://youtu.be/5h10QHpA5EU> dct:publisher -> http://ontorule-project.eu ] *) Forall ?person ?age ( If And( ?person #foaf :Person logic ?person [foaf:age -> ?age] External(pred:numeric-less-than(?age 18)) ) Then Do( Assert(?person#ex:Under18Person) )
  • 10. Parrot overview OWL Report RIF • Multimedia-rich, customizable reports for humans • Supports multiple metadata • Combination of rules and ontologies • Supports multilingual annotations
  • 11. Parrot usage Web service Eclipse plugin Command Line Interface
  • 13. Conclusions • Ontology metadata exists in the wild, but there is still room for improvement • Metadata facilitate rule exchange between Business Rules Management System • We expect to impact on the quality and quantity of the metadata annotations in rules and ontologies
  • 14. Future work • To expand the analysis to large ontologies • To account the use of metadata in RIF documents as they become available • To extend proposal of rule metadata properties as new requirements arise
  • 15. Thanks for your attention contact: carlos.tejo@fundacionctic.org http://www.flickr.com/photos/ockam/2591316903/
  • 16. About this presentation Fifth Metadata and Semantics Research Conference (MTSR 2011) 12-14 October 2011 Yaşar University, Izmir – TURKEY http://mtsr2011.yasar.edu.tr
  • 17. Acknowledgements This work has been partially supported by the European Commission under ONTORULE project