Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives
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![Annotated rule (example)
(* ex:rule ex:rule [
rdfs:label -> “Example Rule”@en
dc:creator -> “Luis Polo” annotatio
dc:date -> “1981-01-20”
og:video ->
n
<http://youtu.be/5h10QHpA5EU>
dct:publisher -> http://ontorule-project.eu
] *)
Forall ?person ?age (
If And( ?person #foaf :Person logic
?person [foaf:age -> ?age]
External(pred:numeric-less-than(?age 18))
)
Then Do( Assert(?person#ex:Under18Person) )](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mtsr2011-paper6-111121083709-phpapp01/75/metadata-for-web-ontologies-and-rules-current-practices-and-perspectives-9-2048.jpg?cb=1668523032)
Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives
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The Semantic Web contains a number of di erent knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RIF rule sets and RDF datasets. E fective exchange and management of these artifacts demand the use of metadata and prompt availability of accurate reference documentation. In this paper, we analyze the current practices in metadata usage for OWL ontologies, and we propose a vocabulary for annotating RIF rules. We also introduce a software tool {Parrot{ that exploits these annotations and produces reference documentation for combinations of ontologies and rules. http://www.springerlink.com/content/t3777727338n4233/
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Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives
- 1. Metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives Carlos Tejo-Alonso, Diego Berrueta, Luis Polo and Sergio Fernández
- 2. Context <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Bicycle "> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;Class"/> logic <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Vehicle"/> <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bicycle</rdfs:label> <dct:description xml:lang="en"> Vehicle consisting of two wheels held in a frame one behind other, propelled by pedals </dct:description> annotation <dc:creator>Iván Mínguez</dc:creator> </rdf:Description>
- 3. Motivation to annotate • Facilitate search • Improve exchange and reuse • Link them to the natural language • Generate reference documentation
- 4. Overview • Current ontology & rule metadata usage • Proposed vocabulary to annotate rules • Parrot, a documentation tool for ontologies and rules • Conclusions/Future Work
- 5. Metadata vocabularies • General purpose: DC, SKOS or RDFS – dc:creator, skos:prefLabel, rdfs:comment • For ontologies: OWL – owl:versionInfo • For rules: no specific vocabulary (with significant adoption)
- 7. Ontology metadata study • Massive use of RDF Schema(label & comment) • Property synonymy dc:description rdfs:comment dct:description skos:definition • Absence of: – multimedia – legal rights and license information – expressive multilingual metadata
- 8. Rule metadata: a proposal Metadata Recommended properties Labeling dc:title, dct:title, rdfs:label, skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel Authoring foaf:maker, dc:creator, dc:contributor, dc:publisher, dct:creator, dct:contributor, dct:publisher Description dc:description, dct:description, rdfs:comment, skos:definition, skos:example, skos:note Multimedia foaf:depiction, og:video Versioning owl:versionInfo, dct:hasVersion, skos:changeNote Rights dc:rights, dct:license Date dc:date, dct:issued, dct:modified Documentation dct:source, rdfs:seeAlso, rdfs:isDefinedBy
- 9. Annotated rule (example) (* ex:rule ex:rule [ rdfs:label -> “Example Rule”@en dc:creator -> “Luis Polo” annotatio dc:date -> “1981-01-20” og:video -> n <http://youtu.be/5h10QHpA5EU> dct:publisher -> http://ontorule-project.eu ] *) Forall ?person ?age ( If And( ?person #foaf :Person logic ?person [foaf:age -> ?age] External(pred:numeric-less-than(?age 18)) ) Then Do( Assert(?person#ex:Under18Person) )
- 10. Parrot overview OWL Report RIF • Multimedia-rich, customizable reports for humans • Supports multiple metadata • Combination of rules and ontologies • Supports multilingual annotations
- 11. Parrot usage Web service Eclipse plugin Command Line Interface
- 13. Conclusions • Ontology metadata exists in the wild, but there is still room for improvement • Metadata facilitate rule exchange between Business Rules Management System • We expect to impact on the quality and quantity of the metadata annotations in rules and ontologies
- 14. Future work • To expand the analysis to large ontologies • To account the use of metadata in RIF documents as they become available • To extend proposal of rule metadata properties as new requirements arise
- 15. Thanks for your attention contact: carlos.tejo@fundacionctic.org http://www.flickr.com/photos/ockam/2591316903/
- 16. About this presentation Fifth Metadata and Semantics Research Conference (MTSR 2011) 12-14 October 2011 Yaşar University, Izmir – TURKEY http://mtsr2011.yasar.edu.tr
- 17. Acknowledgements This work has been partially supported by the European Commission under ONTORULE project