2. WEAPONS OF STONE AGE

3. Dig uncovers ancient roots of dentistry
Tooth drilling goes back 9,000 years in
Pakistan
• Flint Drill Resembling Stone
Weapons

4. Cavity Preparation
9,000 Years Ago

5. Scope Of Operative
Dentistry
Restoration Of Permanent
Teeth.

6. Operative Dentistry
Diagnosis, Prevention and
Treatment of defects
of Natural Teeth.
• Dental Decay
• Erosion
• Abrasion
• Attrition
• Hypoplasia
• Hypocalcification
• Discolaration
• Trauma

7. Principles Of Operative
Dentistry
− Diagnosis
− Prevention
− Interception
− Preservation
− Restoration

8. Diagnostic Criteria
Diagnosis is critical aspect of
dentistry, accurate
determination of the problem, is
essential for best treatment.

9. To diagnose accurately,
the clinician should
1. Distinguish between normal
and abnormal conditions.
2. Realize the limitations of test
procedures.
3. Interpret test results.
4. Have a working knowledge of
pathology.

10. Diagnosis
• Location
• Extent
• Design of the tooth preperation
• Selection of restorative
material/equipment
• Available laboratory tests
• Prognosis
• Skill

11. Diagnostic Criteria
Diagnosis is not only a science, it
also involves value judgments
that are in part based.
•Institution and
•Past experience.

12. Some pitfalls are:
1. Jumping to conclusions
2. Assuming
3. Relying on someone else’s word or
X-ray film as diagnosis
4. Suferring from “Tunnel Vision”
5. Neglecting to look for etiological
factors
6. Rushing to do something

14. Prevention
Disease prevention
• Location of the margins of tooth
preperation
• Shape
• Contour of final restoration

15. Interception
• Stabilizing an active disease process.
• Prevent further loss of tooth structure.

17. Preservation
• Vitality
• Anatomy
(Remaining tooth structure)

18. Restoration
1. Health
Form
Function
Phonetics
Esthetics
Occlusal stability (of teeth and surrounding tissues)
2. Welfare of patient
Systematically compatible
3. Scientific knowledge
4. Artistic knowledge
5. Manual skill