Past and Future of R&E networks and Cyber-infrastructure

1. 10 years ago Three major issues: Very hierarchical IP networks Limited ability to innovate or support high end users Supporting high science users on campus Firewalls, misconfigs, limited bandwidth Heterogeneous independent customer owned fiber networks But how do you build end to end solutions from independent federated networks?

2. Regional Today’s (2001) hierarchical IP network Other national networks National or Pan-Nationl IP Network NREN A NREN C NREN B NREN D University

3. Regional Tomorrow’s peer to peer federated optical networks World World National DWDM Open Lightpath Exchanges Child Lightpaths NREN B NREN A NREN C NREN D Child Lightpaths University Server

4. Thanks to GLIF and LHCONE Our vision for optical lightpath exchanges (GOLEs) is now becoming a reality LHCONE will drive this new network reality Hierarchical IP R&E networks will not disappear – but will be complemented by direct optical connections through GLIF and GOLEs especially for eScience

5. Carleton University Campus CWDM University Global Physics Network 10G Internet Physics Department 1G NREN 1G Main campus Network Eucalyptus* Design Network Border Router Firewall 1G Research Testbed 10G School of Architecture Engineering Telecom *Will connect to UCLA Architecture and Optiputer

6. University of British Columbia CANARIE DWDM Switch at UBC Tier 2 University Global Physics Network 1G Tier 1 CERN 5G Internet TRIUMF 1G BCnet Main campus Network 1G Health Network Border Router Firewall 1G 3G 3D HDTV to McGill Research Hospital Engineering Telecom

7. ESnet Science DMZ

8. GENI and UCLP Instrument GRIM WS Parent Lightpath WS Substrate Router Substrate Switch GMPLS Daemon WS Child Lightpath WS (may run over IP Ethernet, MPLS, etc Virtual Router WS Wireless Sensor Network Timeslice WS CRC-i2CAT-Inocybe-UofO

9. Creating Federated Networks Multi-Domain APN Partitioned Node Pass Through Node Multi-Domain APN Domain A Domain B Domain C

10. CRC-i2CAT-Inocybe-UofO UCLP==OpenFlow?

12. Share infrastructure & maximize lower cost power by “following wind & sun” networks.

14. What are the major future challenges and opportunities? Universities are under increasing financial pressure Need to reduce costs across the board including fees to eScience infrastructure IT energy consumption 20-40% Increasing demand for more eScience research and applications Increasing demand for nation wide mobile seamless services especially for personal health applications Very little disaster planning, especially from climate change

15. My predictions -1 R&E networks will need to partner with industry and campus IT to develop solutions for eScience and general IP to reduce staff workload and energy costs Campus IT don’t have technical resources or budget to deal with DNSESC, IPv6, eScience Ottawa University recently contract with Bell Canada for management of their 3500 Hotspots Federated optical network linking GOLEs will be dominant network architecture (perhaps based on OpenFLOW

16. My predictions -2 Climate change is a real and present threat We are on the cusp of major climatic disruption ICT has become the heavy industry of the information age CO2 emissions from ICT exceed smelters, steel mills and cement plants Continuing dramatic growth rate Energy efficiency is not enough We don’t have enough time to reduce emissions through energy efficiency We have seen from Dallas Thorton’s presentation we can achieve 75% reduction in energy costs and 100% reduction in CO2 emissions by relocating data centers to colder climates This represents tens if not hundreds of millions of dollars in annual savings Energy efficiency will never achieve this ICT represents 20-40% of electrical energy consumption at a university We need to find solutions so that money spent on energy consumption can be redirected to support research and education